tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36509617476524269832024-02-02T08:48:32.456-08:00kumpulan makalahRafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.comBlogger14125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-72383497317542337022012-11-08T14:28:00.000-08:002012-11-08T14:28:41.402-08:00Resep kue sari india<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Resep Kue Sari India Khas Bajarmasin</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Bahan:</span></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">4 biji telur
itik</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1 bungkus tepung
maizena</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1 biji kelapa
dijadikan santan 2 cangkir</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">½ kaleng susu
kental manis</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gula merah
secukupnya </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Vanili</span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Cara membuat:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Campurkan
senua bahan aduk hingga tercampur merata</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Masukan
dalam proses pengukusan. Siapakan cetakan yang sebelumnya sdah dilapisi dengan
plastik atau diolesi mentega.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Masukan
adonan tadi kedalam loyang kira-kira secangkir kecil kukus diatas api sedang
kurang lebih 10 menit. Kemudian lakukan lagi seperti tadi kukus lagi 10 menit
lakukan n sampai adonan memenuhi loyang/habis</span></div>
</div>
Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-19446948418458541522012-07-11T19:30:00.001-07:002012-07-11T19:30:35.365-07:00bimbingan konseling<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: -.25pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB
I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: -.25pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PENDAHULUAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bimbingan dan konseling merupakan
kegiatan yang bersumber pada kehidupan manusia. Kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa
manusia di dalam kehidupannya menghadapi persoalan-persoalan yang silih
berganti.. Manusia tidak sama satu dengan yang lain, baik dalam sifat maupun
kemampuannya. Ada manusia yang sanggup mengatasi persoalan tanpa bantuan pihak
lain, tetapi tidak sedikit manusia yang tidak mampu mengatasi persoalan bila
tidak dibantu orang lain. Khususnya bagi yang terakhir inilah bimbingan dan
konseling diperlukan.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pada pelaksanaan
bimbingan dan konseling di Sekolah</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="background: white;">guru</span> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">memiliki perananan
yang</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sangat penting karena guru merupakan sumber yang sangat menguasai informasi
tentang keadaan siswa. Di dalam</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">melakukan bimbingan dan konseling</span><span lang="IN" style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, kerja sama konselor dengan personel lain di sekolah merupakan suatu
syarat yang tidak boleh ditinggalkan. Kerja sama ini akan menjamin tersusunnya
program bimbingan dan konseling yang komprehensif, memenuhi sasaran, serta
realistik.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Meskipun keberadaan layanan bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah sudah lebih
diakui sebagai profesi, namun masih ada persepsi negatif tentang bimbingan dan
konseling terutama keberadaannya di sekolah dari para guru, sebagian pengawas,
kepala sekolah, para siswa, orang tua siswa bahkan dari guru BK sendiri. Selain
persepsi negatif tentang BK, juga sering muncul tudingan miring terhadap guru
bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Munculnya persepsi negatif tentang BK</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">adalah tidak diketahuinya fungsi,</span><span lang="IN" style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> arah dan tujuan</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">bimbingan di sekolah atau tidak disusunnya
program BK secara terencana. Dapat juga disebabkan oleh</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="background: white; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ketidaktahuan akan tugas, peran, fungsi, dan tanggung jawab guru BK itu sendiri.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pengertian Bimbingan dan Konseling<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bimbingan dan konseling merupakan dua istilah yang sering
dirangkaikan bagaikan kata majemuk. Hal itu mengisyaratkan behwa kegiatan
bimbingan kadang-kadang dilanjutkan dengan kegiatan konseling.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pengertian
bimbingan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bimbingan adalah proses pemberian bantuan yang dilakukan oleh orang
yang ahli kepada seseorang atau beberapa orang individu, baik anak-anak,
remaja, maupun dewasa agar orang yang dibimbing dapat mengembangkan kemampuan
dirinya sendiri dan mandiri dengan memanfaatkan kekuatan individu dan sarana
yang ada dan dapat dikembangkan berdasarkan norma-norma yang berlaku.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menurut </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">jones (1963), Guidance is the help given by one person to another in making
choice and adjustments and solving problems. Dalam pengertian tersebut
terkandung maksud bahwa tugas pembimbing adalah hanyalah membantu agar individu
yang dibimbing mampu membantu dirinya sendiri, sedangkan keputusan terakhir
tegantung kepada individu yang dibimbing (klein).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menurut Rochman natawidjaja (1978): bimbingan adalah proses
pemberian bantuan kepada individu yang dilakukan secara berkesinambungan, agar
individu tersebut dapat memahami dirinya
sehingga ia sanggup mengarrahkan diri dan dapat bertindak wajar sesuai dengan
tuntutan dan keadaan keluarga serta masyarakat. Dengan demikian ia dapat
mengecap kebahagiaan hidupnya serta dapat memberikan subangan yang berarti<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pengertian
konseling<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Konseling merupakan salah satu teknik dalam pelayanan bimbingan
dimana proses pemberian bantuan itu berlangsung melalui wawancara dalam
serangkaian pertemuan langsung dan tatap muka antara guru/ konselor dengan
klien itu mampu memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih baik terhadap dirinya, mampu
memecahakan masalah yang di hadapinya dan mampu mengarahkan dirinya untuk
mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki
secara optimal, sehingga ia dapat mencapai kebahagiaan pribadi dan kepeanfaatan
social.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tujuan Bimbingan Di Sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Layanan bimbingan sangat dibutuhkan agar siswa-siswa yang mempunyai
masalah dapat terbantu, sehingga mereka dapat belajar lebih baik. Dalam
kurikulum SMA tahun 1975 Buku III C dinyatakan bahwa tujuan bimbingan di
sekolah adalah membantu siswa<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengatasi
kesulitan dala belajatnya, sehingga memperoleh prestasi belajar yang tinggi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengatasi
terjadinya kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang tidak baik yang dilakukannya pada saat
proses belajar-mengajar berlangsung dan dalam hubungan sosial.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengatasi
kesulitan-kesulita yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan jasmani.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengatasi
kesulitan-kesulitan yang berkaitan dengan kelanjutan studi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengatasi
kesulitan-kesulitan yang berhubungan dengan perencanaan dan pemilihan jenis
pekerjaan setelah mereka tamat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mengatasi
kesulitan-kesulitan yang berhubungan dengan masalah sosial-emosional di sekolah
yang bersumber dari sikap murid yang bersangkutan terhadap dirinya sendiri,
terhadap lingkungan sekolah, keluarga, dan lingkungan yang lebih luas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Di samping tujuan-tujuan tersebut, Downing (1968) juga mengemukakan
bahwa tujuan layanan bimbingan di sekolah sebenarnya sama dengan <i>pendidikan
terhadap diri sendiri, </i>yaitu membantu siswa agar dapat memenuhi
kebutuhan-kebutuhan sosial spikologis mereka, merealisasikan keinginannnya,
serta mengembangkan kemampuan atau potensinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Secara umum dapat dikemukakan bahwa tujuan layanan bimbingan adalah
membantu mengatasi berbagai macam kesulitan yang dihadapi siswa sehingga
terjadi proses belajar mengajar yang efektif dan efisien.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: 148.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ciri-ciri Kegiatan konseling</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 148.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dilakukan
secara berkesinambungan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 148.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dilakukan
dalam perjumpaan tatap muka<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 148.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Perlu
orang yang ahli dibidang konseling<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 148.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tujuannya
memecahkan masalah klien<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 148.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Klien
akhirnya mampu memecahkan masalahnya sendir<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi
Bimbingan Di Sekolah</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Uman Suherman (2008) menyatakan
bahwa secara umum, fungsi bimbingan dan konseling dapat diuraikan sebagai
berikut<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><span style="color: blue;">:</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Pemahaman</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi
bimbingan dan konseling membantu konseli agar memiliki pemahaman terhadap
dirinya (potensinya) dan lingkungannya (pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan norma
agama). Berdasarkan pemahaman ini, konseli diharapkan mampu mengembangkan
potensi dirinya secara optimal, dan menyesuaikan dirinya dengan lingkungan
secara dinamis dan konstruktif.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi
Preventif</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi yang berkaitan dengan upaya konselor untuk
senantiasa mengantisipasi berbagai masalah yang mungkin terjadi dan berupaya
untuk mencegahnya, supaya tidak dialami oleh konseli. Melalui fungsi ini,
konselor memberikan bimbingan kepada konseli tentang cara menghindarkan
diri dari perbuatan atau kegiatan yang membahayakan dirinya. Adapun teknik yang
dapat digunakan adalah pelayanan orientasi, informasi, dan bimbingan kelompok.
Beberapa masalah yang perlu diinformasikan kepada para konseli dalam rangka
mencegah terjadinya tingkah laku yang tidak diharapkan, diantaranya: bahayanya
minuman keras, merokok, penyalahgunaan obat -obatan, <i>drop out</i>, dan
pergaulan bebas (<i>free sex</i>).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Pengembangan</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi
bimbingan dan konseling yang sifatnya lebih proaktif dari fungsi-fungsi
lainnya. Konselor senantiasa berupaya untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang
kondusif, yang memfasilitasi perkembangan konseli. Konselor dan personel
Sekolah/ Madrasah lainnya secara sinergi sebagai <i>teamwork</i> berkolaborasi
atau bekerjasama merencanakan dan melaksanakan program bimbingan secara
sistematis dan berkesinambungan dalam upaya membantu konseli mencapai
tugas-tugas perkembangannya. Teknik bimbingan yang dapat digunakan di sini
adalah pelayanan informasi, tutorial, diskusi kelompok atau curah pendapat (<i>brain
storming</i>), <i>home room</i>, dan karyawisata.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Penyembuhan</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi
bimbingan dan konseling yang bersifat kuratif. Fungsi ini berkaitan erat dengan
upaya pemberian bantuan kepada konseli yang telah mengalami masalah, baik
menyangkut aspek pribadi, sosial, belajar, maupun karir. Teknik yang dapat
digunakan adalah konseling, dan <i>remedial teaching</i>.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Penyaluran</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi
bimbingan dan konseling dalam membantu konseli memilih kegiatan
ekstrakurikuler, jurusan atau program studi, dan memantapkan penguasaan karir
atau jabatan yang sesuai dengan minat, bakat, keahlian dan ciri-ciri
kepribadian lainnya. Dalam melaksanakan fungsi ini, konselor perlu bekerja sama
dengan pendidik lainnya di dalam maupun di luar lembaga pendidikan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Adaptasi</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi
membantu para pelaksana pendidikan, kepala Sekolah/Madrasah dan staf, konselor,
dan guru untuk menyesuaikan program pendidikan terhadap latar belakang pendidikan,
minat, kemampuan, dan kebutuhan konseli. Dengan menggunakan informasi yang
memadai mengenai konseli, pembimbing/konselor dapat membantu para guru dalam
memperlakukan konseli secara tepat, baik dalam memilih dan menyusun materi
Sekolah/Madrasah, memilih metode dan proses pembelajaran, maupun menyusun bahan
pelajaran sesuai dengan kemampuan dan kecepatan konseli.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Penyesuaian</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi
bimbingan dan konseling dalam membantu konseli agar dapat menyesuaikan diri
dengan diri dan lingkungannya secara dinamis dan konstruktif.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Perbaikan</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi
bimbingan dan konseling untuk membantu konseli sehingga dapat memperbaiki
kekeliruan dalam berfikir, berperasaan dan bertindak (berkehendak). Konselor
melakukan intervensi (memberikan perlakuan) terhadap konseli supaya memiliki
pola berfikir yang sehat, rasional dan memiliki perasaan yang tepat sehingga
dapat mengantarkan mereka kepada tindakan atau kehendak yang produktif dan
normatif.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Fasilitasi</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, memberikan
kemudahan kepada konseli dalam mencapai pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang
optimal, serasi, selaras dan seimbang seluruh aspek dalam diri konseli.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><i><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fungsi Pemeliharaan</span></i></b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, yaitu fungsi
bimbingan dan konseling untuk membantu konseli supaya dapat menjaga diri dan
mempertahankan situasi kondusif yang telah tercipta dalam dirinya. Fungsi ini
memfasilitasi konseli agar terhindar dari kondisi -kondisi yang akan
menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas diri. Pelaksanaan fungsi ini diwujudkan
melalui program-program yang menarik, rekreatif dan fakultatif (pilihan) sesuai
dengan minat konseli.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adapun fungsi khusus bimbingan dan
konseling, yakni khususnya di sekolah, menurut H.M. Umar, dkk., adalah sebagai
berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menolong anak dalam kesulitan belajarnya;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Berusaha memberikan pelajaran yang sesuai dengan minat dan
kecakapan anak-anak;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Memberi nasehat kepada anak yang akan berhenti dari
sekolahnya;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 148.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Memberi petunjuk kepada anak-anak yang melanjutkan
belajarnya dan sebagainya</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 148.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 148.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 148.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">E.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Peranan Bimbingan Dan Konseling Dalam Pembelajaran Siswa<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dalam proses pembelajaran siswa, setiap guru mempunyai keinginan
agar semua siswanya dapat memperoleh hasil belajar yang baik dan memuaskan.
Harapan tersebut sering kali kandas dan tidak bias terwujud, sering mengalami
berbagai macam kesulitan dalam belajar. Sebagai petanda bahwa siswa mengalami
kesulitan dalam belajar dapat diketahui dari berbagai jenis gejalanya seperti
dikemukakan Abu Ahmadi (1977) sebagai berikut;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Hasil
belajar rendah, di bawah rata-rata kelas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Hasil
yang dicapai tidak seimbang denga usaha yang dilakukannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menunjukkan
sikap yang kurang wajar; suka menentang, dusta, tidak mau menyelesaikan
tugas-tugas, dan sebagainya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menunjukkan
tingakah laku yang berlainan seperti suka membolos, suka mengganggu, dan
sebagainya<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Siswa yang mengalami kesulitan belajar kadang-kadang ada yang
mengerti bahwa dia mempunyai maslah tetapi tidak tahu bagaimana mengatasinya,
dan ada juga tidak mengerti kepada siapa ia harus meminta bantuan dalam
menyelesaikan masalahnya itu. Apabila masalahnya itu belum teratasi, mereka mungkin
tidak dapat belajar dengan baik, karena konsentrasinya akan terganggu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dalam kondisi sebagaimana dikemukakan di atas, maka bimbingan dan
komseling dapat memberikan layanan dalam; (1) bimbingan belajar, (2) bimbingan
sosial, dan (3) bimbingan dalam mengatasi masalah-masalah pribadi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">F.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Orang Yang
Dapat Membimbing Di Sekolah.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sipakah yang
dapat menjadi pembimbing di sekolah? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini ada 2
kemungkinan yang dapat ditempuh, yaitu<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>:
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembimbing di sekolah dipegang oleh orang yang
khusus dididik menjadi konselor, jadi merupakan tenaga khusus yang ditugaskan
untuk melaksanakan pekerjaan itu dengan tidak menjabat pekerjaan lain<span style="color: #cccccc;">.</span></span><span style="color: #cccccc; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembimbing di sekolah dipegang oleh guru
pembimbing (<i>teacher conselor</i>), yaitu guru yang di samping menjabat guru juga
menjadi pembimbing.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">G.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Asas-asas Bimbingan dan Konseling</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas adalah segala hal yang harus
dipenuhi dalam melaksanakan suatu kegiatan. Menurut Prayitno ada beberapa asas
yang harus diperhatikan<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas
kerahasiaan</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:</span><span style="color: #cccccc; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas ini merupakan asas kunci,
karena klien mampu mengungkap masalahnya pada orang yang dipercaya klien.
Dengan adanya keterbukan masalah akan dapat diselesaikan dengan baik.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas
keterbukaan</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:</span><span style="color: #cccccc; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ini didasarkan atas asas
kerahasiaan. Klien dan konselor perlu suasana keterbukaan untuk mengungkapkan
perasaan, pemikiran dan keinginan yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang ingin
diselesaikan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas
kesukarelaan:</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
Asas ini lebih terkait dengan pribadi konselor. Konselor perlu memiliki sikap
sukarela dalam membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan klien. Dengan sikap sukarela
dari konselor klien akan dengan sukarela pula menceritakan dan mencari solusi
atas permasalahannya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas
kekinian</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: Fokus
pemecahan permasalahan klien adalah pada masa saat ini. Apa yang saat ini
dirasakan dan menjadi permasalahan klien adalah hal yang perlu diselesaikan
dalam pertemuan konseling.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas
kegiatan</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:
Konseling dapat berlangsung baik apabila klien mau melaksanakan tugas yang
diberikan. Konselor hendaknya mampu memotivasi klien melakukan kegiatan yang
disarankan dalam sesi konseling demi tujuan penyelesaian masalah klien</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas
kedinamisan: </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dinamis
merupakan perubahan menuju pada kemajuan yang terjadi pada klien. Konselor hrus
memberikan layanan yang sesuai dengan sifat keunikan tiap individu demi
perubahan ke arah perkembangan pribadi yang lebih baik</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas
keterpaduan</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:
Dalam pemberian layanan, konselor perlu memperhatikan aspek kepribadian klien
yang diarahkan untuk mencapai keharmonisan dan keterpaduan. Keterpaduan ini
berkaitan dengan aspek klien maupun mengenai keterpaduan isi dan proses
layanan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas
kenormatifan</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">:
Usaha layanan tidak boleh bertentangan dengan norma yang berlalu sehingga tidak
terjadi penolakan dari pihak yang dibimbing. Asas ini berkaitan dengan proses
dan saran atau keputusan yang dibahas dalam konseling.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas keahlian</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: Proses konseling harus dilakukan
dengan profesional dan oleh orang yang profesional yang menntut ketrampilan
khusus dan terlatih untuk melakukan konseling</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">10.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas alih </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">tangan: Asas ini bertujuan agar
tidak terjadi pemberian layanan yang tidak tepat. Bila permasalahan klien perlu
penanganan dari ahli yang lain maka pengalihtanganan kepada pihak yang lebih
ahli perlu dilaksanakan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">11.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Asas tut
wuri handayani: </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Makna
layanan bimbingan dan konseling tidak hanya berkaitan dengan permasalahan saat
tertentu melainkan makna tersebut tetap dirasakan oleh klien pada masa yang
akan dating</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">H.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Orientasi
layanan bimbingan dan konseling</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Orientasi individual</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Berdasarkan pada perbedaan yang
bersumber dari latar belakang
pengalaman, pendidikan , sifat kepribadian yang dimiliki, status dan
kelas sosial tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Orientasi perkembangan <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Setiap periode perkembangan mempunyai tugas perkembangan sendiri yang harus di capai pada
masanya, karena akan berpengaruh pada tahap selanjutnya<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span><span style="color: #cccccc; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 17.85pt; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">BAB III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">PENUTUP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%;">SIMPULAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dari penjelasan
di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa bimbingan dan konseling ditujukan untuk
membimbing dan mengarahkan individu melalui usahanya sendiri untuk menentukan
dan mengembangkan kemampuannya agar memperoleh kebahagiaan pribadi serta
bertujuan agar individu dapat mengembangkan dirinya secara optimal/sesuai
dengan potensi yang dimilikinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Untuk
membantu proses perkembangan pribadi dan mengatasi masalah yang dihadapi sering
kali oleh siswa memerlukan bantuan professional. Sekolah harus dapat
menyediakan layanan professional yang dimaksud berupa layanan bimbingan dan
konseling, karena sekolah merupakan lingkungan akan yang terpenting sesudah
keluarga. Dalam layanan inidalam batas dapat dilakukan guru, tetapi jika
masalahnya berat diperlukan petugas khusus konselor untuk menanganinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menurut
jenis permasalahannya guru atau konselor
dapat memberikan bantuan dalam bentuk: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bimbinan
belajar<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bimbingan
social<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 53.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bimbingan
dalam mengatasi masalah pribadi.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Semua
bimbingan ini harus didasarkan atas prinsip, asas, dan orientasi professional.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Anas Salahudin, <i>Bimbingan dan Konseling</i>, Bandung: CV.
Pustaka Setia,. Cet. II</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bimo Walgito, <i>Bimbingan dan Konseling
(Studi dan Karir),</i> CV. Andi Offset. Yogyakarta. Cet. Ke V<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Hellen,
<i>Bimbingan dan Konseling, </i>Jakarta: Ciputat Press, 2002<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Prayitno
dan Erman Amti, <i>dasar-dasar bimbingan
konseling, </i>Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2004<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 187.5pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Rahcman
Natawidjaja, <i>Peranan Guru Dalam Bimbingan di Sekolah, </i>Bandung: CV
Abordion, 1988<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo12; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Soetjipto,
dan Raflis Kosasi, <i>Profesi Keguruan, </i>Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2009<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Prayitno,
<i>Profesionalisasi konseling dan pendidikan Konselor, </i>Jakarta: Proyek
pengembangan LPTK, Dirjen Dikti, 1983<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Prayitno dan
Erman Amti, <i>dasar-dasar bimbingan
konseling, </i>(Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2004). Hal 99<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Rahcman
Natawidjaja, <i>Peranan Guru Dalam Bimbingan di Sekolah, </i>(Bandung: CV
Abordion, 1988) hal 7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Hellen, <i>Bimbingan
dan Konseling, </i>(Jakarta: Ciputat Press, 2002) hal 7<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Soetjipto, dan
Raflis Kosasi, <i>Profesi Keguruan, </i>(Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2009) hal 62<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Anas
Salahudin, <i>Bimbingan dan Konseling</i>, (Bandung: CV. Pustaka Setia,. Cet.
II), hal 127-129</span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Soetjipto dan Raflis Kosasi, <i>ibid.</i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bimo Walgito, <i>Bimbingan dan Konseling
(Studi dan Karir),</i> (YogyakartA: CV. Andi Offset). Cet. Ke V Hal 41-42</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Prayitno, <i>Profesionalisasi
konseling dan pendidikan Konselor, </i>(Jakarta: Proyek pengembangan LPTK,
Dirjen Dikti, 1983) hal 6-12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/doc'/makalah%20individu%20profesi%20keguruan.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Soetjipto dan
Raflis Kosasi, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal 80.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-11693638858288942352012-07-11T19:24:00.002-07:002012-07-11T19:24:33.164-07:00bentuk-bentuk negara<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PENDAHULUAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Latar Belakang<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="SV" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Negara adalah insititusi yang
dibentuk oleh kumpulan orang-orang yang hidup dalam wilayah tertentu dengan
tujuan sama yang terikat dan taat
terhadap perundang-undangan serta memiliki pemerintahan sendiri”. Negara dibentuk
atas dasar kesepakatan bersama yang bertujuan untuk mengatur kehidupan anggotanya dalam
memperoleh hidup dan memenuhi kebutuhan mereka. Untuk mengatur bagaimana
anggota masyarakat dalam menjalankan aktivitasnya sebagai warga negara, negara
memberikan batasan-batasan dalam wujud aturan dan hukum. Dan setiap negara
memiliki bentuk-bentuk tersendiri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<strong>Bentuk negara</strong><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>adalah merupakan batas antara peninjauan secara
sosiologis dan peninjauan secara yuridis mengenai negara. Peninjauan secara
sosiologis jika negara dilihat secara keseluruhan (ganzhit) tanpa melihat
isinya, sedangkan secara yuridis jika negara\peninjauan hanya dilihat dari
isinya atau strukturnya. Sedangkan secara yuridis jika negara\peninjauan hanya
dilihat dari isinya atau strukturnya.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
Dalam makalah ini diterangkan tentang macam-macam
bentu-bentuk Negara yang ada dan pernah di terapkan didunia ini.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><b style="background-color: white; line-height: 200%; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB II</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BENTUK-BENTUK
NEGARA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Bentuk Negara Pada Zaman Yunani Kuno<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pada masa yunani kuno dahulu hanya dikenal
adanya 3 bentuk pokok dari negara. Pada waktu itu pengertian dari negara,
pemerintahan dan masyarakat masih belum dibedakan, hal ini disebabkan karena
susunan negara masih sangat sederhana sekali, bila dibandingkan dengan luas
daerah negara dan julah penduduknya belu sebesar asa sekarang ini. Negara hanya
seluas kota saja oleh karena itu pada hakikatnya hanya merupakan negara-kota
saja. Negara-kota ini ada istilahnya yaitu “polis”. Selain itu sifat dari
urusan negara masih sangat sederhana sekali. Dalam pandangan masyarakat dan
para ahli negara, belu ada perbedaan antara pengertian negara, pengertian
masyarakat dan pengertian pemerintahan.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adapun tiga bentuk pokok daripada negara pada
masa yunani kuno tersebut ialah: Monarchi, Oligarchi, dan Demokrasi.
Dipergunakan sebagai ukuran untuk membedakan bentuk-bentuk tersebut diatas
yaitu: jumlah dari pemegang kekuasaan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jika yang memegang kekuasaan itu satu oarang
aka bentuk negaranya Monarchi (bahasa Yunani “monos” berarti “satu” sedangkan
“archien” berarti “memerintah”). Jika memegang pemeritahan itu beberapa orang
maka bentuk negaranya itu Oligarchi (bahasa Yunani “oligai” berarti
“beberapa”). Jika yang emegang pemerintahan rakyat maka bentuk negara nya
disebut Demokrasi (bahasa Yunani “Demos” bararti “rakyat”).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bentuk Negara pada Masa Modern Sekarang.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menurut teori</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">-teori modern sekarang ini, bentuk negara yang terpenting
ialah: negara kesatuan(<i>Unitarianisme</i>) dan negara serikat (<i>Federasi</i>)<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 2.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara Kesatuan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara kesatuan adalah bentuk suatu negara
yang merdeka dan berdaulat, dengan satu pemerintahan pusat yang berkuasa dan
mengatur seluruh daerah. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya, negara kesatuan ini
terbagi kedalam 2 macam sistem pemerintahan yaitu: Sentral dan Otonomi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara kesatuan dengan sisitem sentralisasi adalah pemerintahan yang
langsung dipimpin oleh pemerintahan pusat, sementara pemerintahan daerah di
bawahnya melaksanakan kebijakan pemerintahan pusat. Model pemerintahan Orde
Baru di bawah pemerintahan presiden Soeharto adalah salah satu contoh sistem
pemerintahan model ini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara kesatuan dengan sistem desentralisasi adalah kepala daerah diberikan
kesempatan dan kewenangan untuk memgurus urusan pemerintahan diwilayah sendiri.
Sisitem ini dikenal dengan istilah otonomi daerah atau swatantra. Sistem
pemerintahan negara Malaysia dan pemerintahan paske Orde Baru di Indonesia
dengan sistem otonomi khusus dapat dimasukan kedalam model ini<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara serikat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara serikat atau Federasi merupakan bentuk
negara gabungan yang terdiri dari beberapa negara bagian dari sebuah negara
serikat. Pada mulanya negara-negara bagian tersebut merupakan negara yang
merdeka, berdaulat dan berdiri sendiri. Setelah memnggabungkan dengan negara
serikat, dengan sendirinya negara tersebut melepaskan sebagian dari
kekuasaannya dan menyerahkannya kepada Negara Serikat. Penyerahan kekuasaan</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">dari negara-negara bagian kepada nagara serikat tersebut dikenal dengan
istilah <i>limitatif </i>(satu demui satu) dimana hanya kekuasaan yang
diberikan oleh negara-negara bagian saja (<i>delagated powers</i>) yang menjadi
kekuasaan Negara Serikat. Namun pada perkembangan selanjutnya, negara serikat
mengatur hal yang bersifat strategis seperti kebijakan politik luar negeri,
keamanan dan pertahanan negara.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adakalanya dalam pembagian kekuasaan antara
pemerintahan federasi dan peerintahan negara-negara bagian yang disebut adalah
urusan-urusan yang diselenggarakan oleh pemerintah negara-negara bagian, yang
berarti bahwa bidang kegiatan federal adalah urusan-urusan kenegaraan selebihnya
(<i>reseduary powers</i>).<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Disamping 2 bentuk diatas, dari sisi pelaksana
dan mekanisme pemilihannya, bentuk Negara dapat digolongkan ketiga kelompok
yaitu: Monarki, Oligarki, dan Demokrasi.</span><span lang="IN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Monarki<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pemerintahan monarki adalah model pemerintahan </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">yang dikepalai oleh raja atau ratu. Dalam
prakteknya, monarki ada dua jenis</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">
yaitu: Monark</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">i absolut dan monarki konstutional.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Monarki absolut adalah model pemerintahan dengan kekuasaan tertinggi di
tangan satu orang raja atu ratu. Termasuk dalam kategori ini adalah negara Arab
saudi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">, Brunae, Swa</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">zilan, bhutan, dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Monarki konstitusional adalah bentuk pemerintahan yang kekuasaan kepala
negaranya (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">perdana mentri</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">) dibatasi oleh ketentuan-ketentuan kostitusi
nagara. Praktek monarki konstitusional ini adalah yang paling banyak
dipraktekan di beberapa negara, seperti Thailand, Jepang, Inggris, jordania dan
lan-lain.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Monarki parlamenter adalah</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> bentuk
pemerintahan </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">yang bertanggung jawab atas kebijaksanaan pemerintahannya adalah mentri,
Termasuk dalam kategori ini adalah negara Inggris, Belanda, dan Malaysia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dengan demikian pengertian negara yang
berbentuk monarki adalah negara dimana cara penunjukan kepala negaranya
berdasarkan keturunan dari raja yang sebelumya.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Oligarki<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Model pemerintahan oligarki adalah pemerintahan
yang dijalankan oleh beberapa orang berkuasa dari golongan atau kelompok
tertentu<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
(.....).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Demokrasi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pemerintahan model demikrasi adalah
pemerintahan yang bersandarkan pada kedaulatan rakyat atau bendasarkan
kekuasaannya pada pilihan atau kehendak rrakyat malalui mekanisme pemulihan
Umum (pemilu) yang berlangsung secara jujur, bebas, aan, dan adil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dalam </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">teori </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ilmu Negara pengertian tentang</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> teori</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> bentuk Negara sejak dahulu kala
dibagi menjadi dua yaitu: monarchie dan republik. Untuk menentukan suatu Negara
itu berbentuk monarchie dan republik, dalam Ilmu Negara banyak macam ukuran
yang dipakai. Antara lain Jellinek</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> dalam bukunya yang berjudul <i>Allgemene
Staatslehre</i> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">memakai
sebagai kriteria bagaimana caranya kehendak negara itu dinayatakan. Jika
kehendak Negara itu ditentukan oleh satu orang saja, maka bentuk Negara itu
monarchie dan jika kehendak Negara itu ditentukan oleh orang banyak yang
merupakan suatu majelis, maka bentuk negaranya adalah republik<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
PendapatJellinek ini tidak banyak penganutnya karena banyak mengandung
kelemahan. Faham Duguit lebih lazim dipakai, yang menggunakan sebagai kriteria
bagaimana caranya kepala Negara itu diangkat. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dala</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">m</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> bukunya yang
berjudul <i>Traite de Droit Contitutionel jilid 2, </i>diutarakan jika</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> seorang kepala negara diangkat
berdasarkan hak waris atau keturunan maka bentuk negaranya disebut monarchie
dan Kepala Negaranya disebut raja atau ratu. Jika kepala negara dipilih melalui
suatu pemilihan umum untuk masa jabatan yang ditentukan, maka bentuk negaranya
disebut republik dan Kepala Negaranya adalah seorang Presiden<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sama hal nya
monarki republik itu dapat dibagi menjadi:</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Republik mutlak
(absolute)</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Republik konstitusi</span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Repulik
parlemen</span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">M</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">enurut ketentuan yang telah
dijelaskan di atas maka negara Indonesia mempunyai bentuk negara sebagai
republik. Hal ini didasarkan atas cara pemilihan presiden, bahkan bukan hanya
oleh majelis melainkan langsung dipilih oleh</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Rakyat.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Dalam UUD 1945 pasal 1 ayat 1 dinyatakan bahwa
negara Indonesia ialah negara kesatuan, yang bebentuk Republik<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.</span><span lang="IN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Selanjutnya bagaimana dengan susunan
negaranya apakah negara kesatuan atau federal Perbedaan negera federal dan
negara kesatuan dapat ditunjukan sebagai berikut:</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 19.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 19.65pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 198.4pt;" valign="top" width="265">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Negara Federal<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 19.65pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 198.5pt;" valign="top" width="265">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Negara Kesatuan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 48.35pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 48.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 198.4pt;" valign="top" width="265">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 22.95pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bagian-bagian
negara disebut negara bagian<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 48.35pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 198.5pt;" valign="top" width="265">
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 23.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-align: left; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Bagian-bagian
Negara bukan merupakan negara bagian, lazimnya disebut provinsi<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 99.3pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 99.3pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 198.4pt;" valign="top" width="265">
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 22.95pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-align: left; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Negara-negara
bagian memiliki wewenang untuk memebuat UUD </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">sendiri dan dapat
menentukan bentuk-bentuk organisasinya masing-masing yang tidak bertentangan
dengan konstitusi</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 99.3pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 198.5pt;" valign="top" width="265">
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 23.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Organisasi
bagian-bagian negara</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">secaragaris besar ditentukan oleh
pembuat undang-undang di pusat danmerupakan pelaksanaan sistim
desentralisasi.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 63.8pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 63.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 198.4pt;" valign="top" width="265">
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 22.95pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-align: left; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Wewenang pembuat</span><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> UU
pemerintah pusat ditentukan secara terperinci dan wewenang lainnya ada pada
negara bagian</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 63.8pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 198.5pt;" valign="top" width="265">
<div align="left" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 23.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; text-align: left; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Wewenag secara </span><span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">tereperinci terdapat
pada propinsi-propinsi dan residu powernya ada pada pemerintah pusat</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; tab-stops: 318.65pt; text-indent: 0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span lang="IT" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IT; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Maka dari
perbedaan di atas dapat kita simpulkan bahwa negara Indonesia merupakan negara
kesatuan yang berbentuk republik</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 35.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: -21.25pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">C. Betuk Kenegaraan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 42.55pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adapun bentuk kenegaraan meliputi
bentuk-bentuk Negara yang </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">pernah ada
antara lain sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Serikat
Negara (konfedarasi): Adalah perserikatan beberapa negara yang merdeka dan
berdaulat penuh baik kedalam maupun keluar. Pada umumnya Konfederasi dibentuk
berdasarkan perjanjian untuk mengadakan kerjasama dalam bidang tertentu,
misalnya penyelenggaraan politik luar negeri, pertahanan keamanan bersama.
Konfederasi bukanlah merupakan negara dalam pengertian hukum internasional,
karena negara–negara anggotanya secara masing–masing tetap mempertahankan
kedudukan nya secara internasional. Contoh konfederasi: Persekutuan Amerika
Utara (1776 – 1787).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara Domonion: Bentuk seamacam ini khusus terdapat dalam lingkungan
negara kerajaan inggris. Negara domonion ini ialah suatu negara yang tadinya
daerah jajahan Inggris, yang telah merdeka dan berdaulat, yang mengakui raja
Inggris sebagai rajanya, sebagai lambang persatuan mereka.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara Protektorat: suatu negara yang berada dibawah lindungan negara lain.
Biasanya soal hubungan luar negeri dan pertahanan dari negara protektorat itu
dengan persetujuan diserahkan kepada negara pelindung. Contoh negara
protektorat;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 114.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mesir, protektorat dari Turki (1917)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 114.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Zanzibar, protektorat dari Inggris (1890)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 114.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Albania, protektorat dari Italia (1936)<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b>d)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><strong>Negaran Trustee
(Perwalian)</strong><b>: </b>bentuk negara yang pemerintahannya berada di
bawah pengawasan Dewan Perwalian PBB. Munculnya Trustee merupakan hasil
perjanjian San Francisco sesudah perang dunia II. Menurut Piagam PBB, perwalian
meliputi :<b><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 4.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.25pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Daerah–daerah mandat dahulu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 4.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.25pt; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Daerah–daerah yang dipisahkan dari negara–negara yang kalah dalam
perang dunia II.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 4.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level3 lfo12; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Daerah–daerah yang secara sukarela menyerahkan urusan
pemerin-tahannya kepada Dewan Perwalian PBB.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 78.0pt; text-align: justify;">
Tujuan
Perwalian adalah untuk meningkatkan kemajuan rakyat daerah trustee dibidang
politik, ekonomi, sosial, pendidikan serta perkembangan hak asasi manusia
menuju pemerintahan sendiri.<br />
Contoh Daerah Perwalian: Tanzania menjadi perwalian PBB sejak tahun 1945 dan
merdeka tahun 1962. Dan Namibia menjadi perwalian PBB sejak tahun 1967 dan
merdeka 1990.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Negara
Koloni atau jajahan: bentuk negara yang berada di bawah kekuasaan negara lain. Contoh:
Indonesia sebelum 17 Agustus 1945.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->f)<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span>Negara mandat:
bentuk negara bekas jajahan negara–negara yang kalah dalam Perang Dunia
I, yang diletakkan dalam pemerintahan mandat dari negara–negara yang menang
perang di bawah pengawasan Dewan Mandat Liga Bangsa–Bangsa. Contoh : Kamerun
bekas jajahan Jerman menjadi Mandat Perancis.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->g)<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span>Negara
Uni: bentuk gabungan dua negara atau lebih yang dikepalai seorang raja. Ada 2
(dua) macam uni :<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 4.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.25pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: list 21.3pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Uni Personil: Uni yang terjadi apabila dua negara yang tergabung
secara kebetulan mempunyai kepala negara yang sama. Contoh : Uni Belanda –
Luxemburg (1839 – 1890), Uni Inggris – Skotlandia (1603 – 1707).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 6.0pt; margin-left: 4.0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 5.25pt; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: list 21.3pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Uni Riil: Uni yang terjadi apabila negara–negara yang tergabung
memiliki kelengkapan Negara yang sama untuk menyelenggarakan kepentingan
bersama, yang dibentuk melalui perjanjian.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PENUTUP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">SIMPULAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bentuk negara yang terpenting dan banyak dianut berbagai negara di
dunia</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span lang="IN">ialah: negara kesatuan(<i>Unitarianisme</i>)
dan negara serikat (<i>Federasi</i></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">). </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Disamping 2 bentuk </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">itu</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">, dari sisi pelaksana dan mekanisme pemilihannya, bentuk Negara dapat
digolongkan ketiga kelompok yaitu: Monarki, Oligarki, dan Demokrasi.</span><span lang="IN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dan monarki terbagi
menjadi tiga yaitu: Monarki absolute, Monarki konstitusional, dan Monarki
parlamenter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dalam </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">teori </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ilmu Negara pengertian tentang</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> teori</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> bentuk Negara sejak dahulu kala
dibagi menjadi dua yaitu: monarchie dan republik.<span style="color: #333333;">
Jika seorang kepala negara diangkat berdasarkan hak waris atau keturunan maka
bentuk negaranya disebut monarchie dan Kepala Negaranya disebut raja atau ratu.
Jika kepala negara dipilih melalui suatu pemilihan umum untuk masa jabatan yang
ditentukan, maka bentuk negaranya disebut republik dan Kepala Negaranya adalah
seorang Presiden.</span></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">S. T, Kansil, <i>Ilmu Negara (umum dan
indonesia), </i>Jakarta: Pradya Paramita, 2004.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Duguit, </span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Traite de Droit Contitutionel jilid 2, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1923</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jellinek,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span lang="IN">Allgemene
Staatslehre</span></i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1914</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Joeniarto, <i>Demokrasi dan Sistem
Pemerintahan Negara, </i>Jakarta: PT Bina Aksara, 1984<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><img alt="*" height="13" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif" width="13" /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tim
ICCE UIN Jakarta</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,<i> Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (Civic Education) Demokrasi, Hak Asasi
Manusia dan Masyarakat Madani, </i>Jakarta: ICCE Uin Syarif Hidayatullah, 2000<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div id="ftn1">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Joeniarto, <i>Demokrasi dan Sistem Pemerintahan Negara, </i>(Jakarta: PT
Bina Aksara, 1984), hal 18.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div id="ftn2">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span lang="IN">C. S. T, Kansil, <i>Ilmu
Negara (umum dan indonesia), </i>(Jakarta: Pradya Paramita, 2004) hal 135.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tim
ICCE UIN Jakarta</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,<i> Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (Civic
Education) Demokrasi, Hak Asasi Manusia dan Masyarakat Madani, </i>(Jakarta:
ICCE Uin Syarif Hidayatullah, 2000) hal 34.<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">C. S. T. Kansil, <i>Op, Cit, </i>136</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tim ICCE UIN Jakarta, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal 35<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Joeniarto, <i>Demokrasi dan Sistem Pemerintahan Negara, </i>(Jakarta: PT
Bina Aksara, 1984) hal 21.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div id="ftn7">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tim ICCE UIN Jakarta, <i>Long, Cit.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jellinek,</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Allgemene Staatslehre</span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 1914 </span><span lang="IN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">, hal </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">665</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Duguit, </span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Traite de Droit
Contitutionel jilid 2, </span></i><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1923</span><span lang="IN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">,</span><span lang="IN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">hal </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 607</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">C. S. T. Kansil, <i>Op, Cit, </i>136<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/pkn/ISI%20MAKLAH%20INDIVIDU%20PKN.docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">C. S. T. Kansil, <i>Ibid, </i>hal 137<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-68134106538815271412012-06-26T20:31:00.001-07:002012-06-26T20:31:37.762-07:00supervisi pendidikan<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">BAB II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">PENDAHULUAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #373737; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pendidikan
merupakan sarana yang sangat strategis dalam melestarikan sistem nilai yang
berkembang dalam kehidupan. Proses pendidikan tidak hanya memberikan
pengetahuan dan pemahaman peserta didik, namun lebih diarahkan pada pembentukan
sikap, perilaku dan kepribadian peserta didik, mengingat perkembangan
komunikasi, informasi dan kehadiran media cetak maupun elektronik tidak selalu
membawa pengaruh positif bagi peserta didik. Guna mencapai semua itu maka dalam
pelaksanaan tugas pendidik perlu adanya supervisi, maksud dari supervisi di
sini adalah agar pendidik mengetahui dengan jelas tujuan dari pekerjaannya
dalam mendidik. Ini tidak lain membantu pendidik agar lebih fokus pada tujuan
yang ingin dicapai dalam pendidikan dan menghindarkan dari pelaksanaan
pendidikan yang tidak relevan dengan tujuan pendidikan. Setiap
pelaksanaan program pendidikan memerlukan adanya pengawasan atau
supervisi.</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="color: #373737; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kegiatan
serupa yang dahulu banyak dilakukan adalah Inspeksi, pemeriksaan, pengawasan
atau penilikan. Dalam konteks sekolah sebagai sebuah organisasi pendidikan,
supervisi merupaka bagian dari proses administrasi dan manajemen. Kegiaan
supervisi melengkapi fungsi-fungsi administrasi yang ada di sekolah sebagai
fungsi terakhir, yaitu penilaian terhadap semua kegiatan dalam mencapai tujuan.
Dengan supervisi, akan memberikan inspirasi untuk bersama-sama menyelesaikan
pekerjaan-pekerjaan dengan jumlah lebih banyak, waktu lebih cepat, cara lebih
mudah, dan hasil yang lebih baik daripada jika dikerjakan sendiri. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="color: #373737; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pengawas
bertanggung jawab terhadap keefektifan program itu. Oleh karena itu, supervisi
haruslah meneliti ada atau tidaknya kondisi-kondisi yang akan memungkinkan
tercapainya tujuan-tujuan pendidikan. Setelah kita mengetahui realita yang
terjadi seperti yang sudah tersebut di atas, maka diperlukan sebuah penjelasan
secara rinci dan mendetail tentang supervisi pendidikan agar para pendidik
dapat memahami betapa perlu dan pentingnya supervisi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">BAB II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PENGERTIAN
SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Secara umum, istilah supervisi berarti mengamati,
mengawasi atau membimbing dan menstimulir kegiatan-kegiatan orang lain dalam
maksud perbaikan. Dalam bidang pendidikan, supervisi mengandung konsep umum
yang sama namun disesuaikan dengan aktivitas-aktivitas pengajaran.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">P. Adam dan Frank G Dickey, supervisi pendidikan
adalah yang berencana untuk memperbaiki pelajaran. Program ini dapat berhasil
apabila supervisor memiliki keterampilan dan cara kerja yang efisien dalam
kerja sama dengan guru dan petugas pendidikan lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam dictionary of education, good carter memberi
pengertian supervisi adalah usaha dari petugas-petugas sekolah dalam memimpin
guru dan petugas lainnya dalam memperbaiki pengajaran termasuk menstimulir,
menyelesaikan pertumbuhan jabatan dan perkembangan guru-guru dan merevisi
tujuan-tujuan pendidikan, bahan-bahan pengajaran, metode mengajar dan evaluasi
pengajaran. Program supervisi bertumpu pada satu prinsip yang yang mengakui
bahwa setiap itu mempunyai potensi untuk berkembang.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Alexander dan Saylor supervisi adalah suatu
program <i>inservice education </i>dan usaha
memperkembangkan kelompok (<i>group</i>)
secara bersama.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Boardman supervisi adalah suatu usaha
menstimulir, mengkoodinir dam membimbing secara kontinu <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut H. Burton dan Leo J. Bruckner supervisi
adalah suatu teknik pelayanan yang tujuan utamanya mempelajari dan memperbaiki
secara bersama faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PERBEDAAN
INSPEKSI DAN SUPERVISI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Inspeksi berasal
dari istilah bahasa belanda <i>inspectie. </i>Didalam
bahasa inggris dikenal <i>inspection. </i>Kedua
kata tersebut berarti <i>pengawasan, </i>yang
terbatas kepada pengertian mengawasi apakah bawahan (dalam hal ini adalah guru)
menjalankan apa yang telah diinstruksikan oleh atasannya, dan bukan berusaha membantu
guru itu (Ngalim Purwanto, 1990). Pelakunya disebut inspektur. Inspektur
pendidikan bertugas untuk melakukan pengawasan terhadap semua kegiatan sekolah,
mulai dari keberhasilan sekolah, masalah ketatausahaan, masalah kemuridan,
keuangan, dan sebagainya sampai kepada proses belajar-mengajar. Pada saat
melakukan inspeksi, kegiatan inspektur ditekankan kepada usaha melihat
kelemahan pelaksanaan sekolah untuk memberikan konduite guru atau kepala
sekolah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sedangkan
supervisi mempunyai arti yang lebih luas, yaitu pengertian bantuan dari
perbaikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berbagai buku
mendefinisikan supervisi berbeda satu sama lain. Daresh (1989), misalnya mendefinisikan supervisi
sebagai suatu proses mengawasi kemampuan seseorang untuk mencapai tujuan
organisasi. Wiles (1955) mendefinisikan sebagai bantuan dalam perkembangan
situasi belajar-mengajar. Lucio dan McNeil (1978) medefinisikan tugas
supervisi, yang meliputi:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tugas
perencanaan, yaitu untuk menetapkan kebijakan dan program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tugas
administrasi, yaitu pengambilan keputusan serta pengkordinasian melalui
konferensi dan konsultasi yang dilakukan dalam usaha mencari perbaikan kualitas
pengajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Partisipasi
secara langsung dalam pengembangan kurikulum, yaitu dalam kegiatan merumuskan
tujuan, membuat penuntun mengajar bagi guru, dan memilih isi pengalaman
belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melaksanakan
demonstrasi mengajar untuk guru-guru, serta<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 42.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(e)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Melaksanakan
penelitian.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sergiovanni
dan Starratt (1979) berpendapat bahwa tugas supervisi adalah perbaikan situasi
pengajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari
berbagai definisi tersebut, kelihatannya ada kesepakatan umum, bahwa kegiatan
supervisi pengajaran ditujukan untuk perbaikan pengajaran. Perbaikan itu
dilakukan melalui peningkatan kemampuan professional guru dalam melaksanakan
tugasnya.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">TUJUAN
SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan supervisi
pendidikan adalah memperkembangkan situasi belajar dan mengajar yang lebih
baik. Usaha perbaikan belajar dan mengajar ditunjukan kepada pencapaian tujuan
akhir dari pendidikan yaitu pembentukan pribadi anak secara maksimal.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Secara nasional
tujuan konkrit dari supervisi pendidikan adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
guru melihat dengan jelas tujuan-tujuan pendidikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
guru dalam membimbing pengalaman belajar murid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
guru dalam menggunakan alat pelajaran modern, metode-meode dan sumber-sumber
pengalaman belajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
guru dalam menilai kemajuan murid-murid dan hasil pekerjaan guru itu sendiri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
guru-guru baru disekolah sehingga merika merasa gembira dengan tugas yang
diperolehnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Membantu
guru-guru agar waktu dan tenaganya tercurahkan sepenuhnya dalam pembinaan
sekolah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PRINSIP-PRINSIP
SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Seorang pimpinan
pendidikan yang berfungsi sebagai supervisor dalam melaksanakan tugasnya
hendaknya bertumpu pada prinsip-prinsip supervisi:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Supervisi bersifat memberikan bimbingan dan memberikan bantuan kepada guru
dan staf sekolah lain untuk mengatasi masalah dan mengatasi kesulitan dan bukan
mencari-cari kesalahan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Pemberian bantuan dan bimbingan dilakukan secara langsung, artinya bahwa
pihak yang mendapat bantuan dan bimbingan tersebut tanpa dipaksa atau dibukakan
hatinya dapat merasa sendiri serta sepadan dengan kemampuan untuk dapat
mengatasi sendiri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Apabila supervisor merencanakan akan memberikan saran atau umpan balik,
sebaiknya disampaikan sesegera mungkin agar tidak lupa. Sebaiknya supervisor
memberikan kesempatan kepada pihak yang disupervisi untuk mengajukan pertanyaan
atau tanggapan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Kegiatan supervisi sebaiknya dilakukan secara berkala misalnya 3 bulan
sekali, bukan menurut minat dan kesempatan yang dimiliki oleh supervisor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Suasana yang terjadi selama supervisi berlangsung hendaknya mencerminkan
adanya hubungan yang baik antara supervisor dan yang disupervisi tercipta
suasana kemitraan yang akrab. Hal ini bertujuan agar pihak yang disupervisi
tidak akan segan-segan mengemukakan pendapat tentang kesulitan yang dihadapi
atau kekurangan yang dimiliki.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Untuk menjaga agar apa yang dilakukan dan yang ditemukan tidak hilang atau
terlupakan, sebaiknya supervisor membuat catatan singkat, berisi hal-hal
penting yang diperlukan untuk membuat laporan.</span><a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="SV" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><b><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebagai seorang
supervisor tidak sedikit masalah yang dihadapi dalam</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">melaksanakan tugasnya. Oleh karena itu
dalam usaha memecahkan masalah-masalah ini hendaknya berpegang teguh pada
pancasila yang merupakan prinsip asasi dan merupakan landasan utama dalam
melaksanakan tugas dan kewajibannya sebagai supervisor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Disamping
prinsip asasi ini, dapat kita bedakan juga prinsip-prinsip <i>positif </i>dan prinsip <i>negatif. </i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip-prinsip
positifasi <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Supervisi
harus dilaksanakan secara demokratis dan koperatif<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Supervisi
harus kreatif dan konstruktif<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Supervisi
harus scientific dan efektif<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Supervisi
harus dapat memberi perasaan aman kepada guru-guru<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Supervisi
harus berdasarkan kenyataan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Supervisi
harus memberikan kesempatan kepada supervisor dan guru-guru untuk mengadakan
self evaluation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip-prinsip
negati</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">f, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Prinsip-prinsip
negatif ini merupakan larangan bagi kepala sekolah sebagai supervisor, adalah
sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Seorang
supervisor tidak boleh bersikap otoriter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Seorang
suupervisor tidak boleh mencari kesalahan pada guru-guru.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Seorang
supervisor bukan inspektur yang ditugaskan untuk memeriksa apakah
peraturan-peraturan dan instruksi-instruksi yang telah dilaksanakan atau tidak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sorang
supervisor tidak boleh menganggap dirinya lebih dari guru-guru oleh karena
jabatannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Seorang
supervisor tidak boleh terlalu banyak memperhatikan hal-hal kecil dalam
cara-cara guru mengajar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Seorang
supervisor tidak boleh lekas kecewa, bila ia mengalami kegagalan.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">E.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">OBJEK SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menurut </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Piet A. Sahertian: Objek supervisi di masa yang akan datang mencakup:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Pembinaan kurikulum<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Perbaikan proses pembelajaran <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Pengembangan Staff<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 78.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Pemeliharaan dan perawatan moral serta semangat kerja
guru-guru<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Adapun objek dari supervisi pendidikan terbagi
menjadi dua bagian, yakni pembinaan personil dan pembinaan non personil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 53.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembinaan Personil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 71.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kepala Sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kepala Sekolah sebagai bagian dari suatu
sekolah juga menjadi objek dari supervisi pendidikan tersebut. Dan sebagai
pemegang tertinggi dalam suatu sekolah juga perlu disupervisi, karena melihat
dari latar belakang perlunya supervisi pendidikan, bahwa kepala sekolah itu
juga perlu tumbuh dan berkembang dalam jabatannya, maka kepala sekolah harus
berusaha mengembangkan dirinya, meningkatkan kualitas profesionalitasnya serta
menumbuhkan semangat dalam dirinya dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sebagi kepala
sekolah. Tidak jauh berbeda dengan supervisi kepada guru, kepala sekolah
disupervisi oleh seorang pengawas. Sistem dan pelaksanaannya hampir sama dengan
supervisi guru. Namun ada perbedaan jika guru pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran
kalau kepala sekolah pada bagimana ia mampu melaksanakan tanggung jawabnya
sebagai kepala sekolah yang sesuai dengan yang telah ditetapkan seperti pengelolaan
dan manajement sekolah.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 71.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Guru<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Guru sebagai agent of change yang
merupakan ujuk tombak pelaksanaan pembelajaran, dalam melaksanakan tugasnya
perlu adanya pengawasan oleh supervisor yakni kepala madrasah yang menyuvervisi
guru<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>. Karena
guru juga manusia yang setiap saat mengalami perkembangan dan perlu adanya
pengawasan secara berkala dan sistematis. Selain itu, guru juga perlu
meningkatkan kualitas profesionalitasnya, meningkatkan efektifitasnya sebagai
seorang pendidik. Karena guru harus mampu mengembangkan dan miningkatkan proses
kegiatan belajar mengajar siswa yang lebih baik lagi. Yakni dengan cara
pembinaan tersebut. Pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh supervisor kepada guru bisa
berupa pembinaan secara individu maupun secara kelompok. Terkadang guru juga
memiliki permasalahan yang sama dan juga berbeda dengan guru satu dan lainnya.
Oleh karena itulah pembinaan guru harus disesuaikan dengan permasalahan yang
sedang dihadapi oleh guru<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
Diluar itu guru juga dituntut mampu untuk menata administrasi pembelajaran
secara benar dan baik, guna menunjang kegiatan belajar mengajar<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
Adapun point-point yang menjadi supervisi guru antara lain adalah : Kinerja
Guru, KBM Guru, Karakteristik Guru, Administrasi Guru dll.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 71.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Staff sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Staff Sekolah ataupun Tenaga Kependidikan
Sekolah adalah sama. Pembinaan atau supervisi terhadap staff sekolah dilakukan
oleh Kepala Sekolah sama seperti guru, namun dalam staff sekolah yang perlu
disupervisi adalah tentang kinerja staff, penataan administrasi sekolah,
kemampuan dalam dalam bekerja atau skill serta loyatitas terhadap
pimpinan atau kepala sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 71.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Peserta didik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Peserta didik atau siswa merupakan bagian dari
sistem pendidikan sekolah yang saling terkait satu sama lainnya. Dan siswa yang
menjadi objek dari pelaksanaan kegiatan belajar mengajar tersebut, juga ikut disupervisi.
Namun berbeda dengan supervisi yang dilakukan terhadap kepala sekolah, guru,
dan staff sekolah. Siswa disupervisi dalam tiga aspek yakni, aspek kognitif,
psikomotorik dan afektif oleh guru sebagai supervisornya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 53.45pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembinaan Non personil<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembinaan Non Personil menitik beratkan pada
pembinaan Sarana dan Prasarana yaitu semua koponen yang secara langsung maupun
tidak langsung menunjang jalannya proses pendidikan untuk mencapai tujuan dalam
pendidikan itu sendiri. Menurut Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan
Nomor 079/1975, sarana pendidikan terdiri dari 3 kelompok besar yaitu: <span style="background: #FFFFE3;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 14.4pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 14.4pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bangunan dan
perabotan sekolah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 14.4pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 14.4pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Alat pelajaran
yang terdiri dari pembukuan, alat-alat peraga dan laboraturium.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 14.4pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 14.4pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Media
pendidikan yang dapat di kelompokan menjadi audiovisual yang menggunakan alat
penampil dan media yang tidak menggunakan alat penampil. (Aadesanja. Blogspot,
Supervisi Pendidikan)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 14.4pt; margin-left: 36.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 14.4pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">F.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">TEKNIK SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Usaha untuk membantu meningkatkan dan engebangkan potensi
sumber daya guru dapat dilaksanakan dengan berbagai teknik supervisi, umumnya
teknik supervisi dapat dibedakan dalam dua macam teknik: teknik yang bersifat
individual, yaitu teknik yang dilaksanakan untuk seorang guru secara individual.
Dan teknik yang bersifat kelompok, yaitu teknik yang dilakukan untuk melanyani
lebih dari satu orang<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 60.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Teknik yang bersifat individual<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">K</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">unjungan kelas (Classroom visitation) Yang dimaksud
adalah kunjungan yang dilakukan untuk melihat guru yang sedang mengajar atau
ketika kelas sedang kosong. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Observasi kelas </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: SV; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">(Classroom
Observation)</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> melalui perkunjungan kelas, supervisor dapat
mengobervasi situasi belajar-engajar yang sebenarnya.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tujuannya adalah untuk memperoleh data seobyektif mungkin
mengenai aspek-aspek dalam situasi belajar mengajar, kesulitan-kesulitan yang
dihadapi oleh guru dalam usaha memperbaiki proses belajar mengajar. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Ada dua ascam observasi kelas:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Obsevasi langsung (direct observation), supervitor
mencatat absen yangb dilihat pada saat guru sedang mengajar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Observasi tiadak langsung (indirect observation), orang
yang diobservasi dibatasi oleh ruang kaca dimana murid-murid tidak engetahuinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Secara umum
yang diamati selama proses pembelajaran adalah: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo13; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Usaha-usaha dan
aktivitas guru-siswa dalam proses pembelajaran<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo13; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Cara penggunaan
media pengajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo13; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Reaksi mental
para siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo13; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Keadaan media
pengajaran yang dipakai dari segi materialnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Percakapan pribadi,<span style="color: #240b3b;">
</span>merupakan Dialog yang dilakukan oleh guru dan supervisornya, yang
membahas tentang keluhan – keluhan atau kekurangan yang dikeluarkan oleh guru
dalam bidang mengajar, di mana di sini supervisor dapat memberikan jalan
keluarnya. Dalam percakapan ini supervisor berusaha menyadarkan guru akan
kelebihan dan kekurangannya. mendorong agar yang sudah baik lebih di tingkatkan
dan yang masih kurang atau keliru agar diupayakan untuk memperbaikinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Intervisitasi (mengunjungi sekolah lain)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Penyeleksi berbagai sumber materi untuk
mengajar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo10; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="color: #240b3b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Menilai diri sendiri, Guru dan supervisor
melihat kekurangan masing-masing yang mana ini dapat memberikan nilai tambah
pada hubungan guru dan supervisor tersebut,yang akhirnya akan memberikan nilai
positif bagi kegiatan belajar mengajar yang baik.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 60.55pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Teknik kelompok<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Mengadakan pertemuan/rapat (meeting) dalam kegiatan ini
sipervitor dapat memberikan pengarahan (directing), pengkoordinasian
(coordinating) dan mengkomunikasian (comunicating) segala informasi kepada
guru/staf.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo12; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Mengadakan diskusi kelompok ( group
discusion )<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Mengadakan penataran (in service training)</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo12; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Seminar</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">.</span><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo12; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Workshop (musyawarah kerja) Untuk mengembangkan professional
karyawan (in-service)</span><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo12; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">f.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: #240b3b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Buletin Supervisi</span><span style="color: #240b3b; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, Suatu media yang
bersifat cetak dimana disana didapati peristiwaperistiwa pendidikan yang
berkaitan dengan cara-cara mengajar,tingkah laku siswa,dan sebagainnya. </span><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">BAB III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">PENUTUP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<b><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">SIMPULAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Supervisi
adalah bantuan dalam pengembangan situasi belajar mengajar agar memperoleh
kondisi yang lebih baik. Meskipun tujuan akhirnya tertuju pada hasil belajar
siswa, namun yang diutamakan dalam supervisi adalah bantuan kepada guru.</span><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebagai seorang
supervisor tidak sedikit masalah yang dihadapi dalam</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">melaksanakan tugasnya. Oleh karena itu
dalam usaha memecahkan masalah-masalah ini hendaknya berpegang teguh pada
pancasila yang merupakan prinsip asasi dan merupakan landasan utama dalam
melaksanakan tugas dan kewajibannya sebagai supervisor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tujuan akhir dari supervisi pendidikan adalah meningkatkan professional
guru dan karyawan sekolah guna menunjang akuntabilitas siswa dalam belajar,
sehingga siswa benar-benar menjadi manusia yang berilmu, berbudi dan kreatif
dalam segala hal sesuai dengan amanah UUD 45.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Teknik supervisi pendidikan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">, </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">umumnya teknik supervisi dapat dibedakan dalam dua macam
teknik: teknik yang bersifat individual, yaitu teknik yang dilaksanakan untuk
seorang guru secara individual. Dan teknik yang bersifat kelompok, yaitu teknik
yang dilakukan untuk melanyani lebih dari satu orang</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="FI" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: FI; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ahmad Rohani, 1991, <i>Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Administrasi
Pendidikan Sekolah, </i>Jakarta: Bumi
Aksara, </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Baharuddin
Harahap, 1985,<i> Supervisi Pendidikan, </i>Jakarta : CV. Damai Jaya<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Darmanto, 2006<i>, Administrasi
Pendidikan,</i> Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Hendiyat soetopo dan wasty soemanto, 1988, <i>Kepemimpinan dan supervisi pendidikan</i>, Jakarta: PT. Bina Akara.</span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ngalim
Purwanto, 2009,<i> Administrasi dan Supervisi Pendidikan, </i>Bandung : PT
Remaja<i> </i>Rosdakarya.<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mukhtar dan Iskandar,
2009<i>, Orientasi Baru Supervisi Pendidikan, </i>Jakarta : Gaung Persada
Press<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Piet A. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sahertian</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">, </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2000, <i>Konsep Dasar dan teknik Supervisi
Pendidikan, </i>Jakarta: Rineka Cipta</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Soetjipto dan Raflis Kosasi, 2009, <i>Profesi Keguruan,</i> Jakarta:
Rineka Cipta.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo17; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><a href="http://aadesanjaya.blogspot.com/2011/05/supervisi-pendidikan.html"><i><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">http://aadesanjaya.blogspot.com/2011/05/supervisi-pendidikan.html</span></i></a><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Hendiyat soetopo dan wasty soemanto, <i>Kepemimpinan
dan supervisi pendidikan</i>, (Jakarta: PT. Bina Akara, 1988), hal</div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Darmanto<i>, Administrasi Pendidikan,</i> (Jakarta:
PT. Rineka Cipta, 2006), hal 169.</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Soetjipto dan Raflis Kosasi, <i>Profesi Keguruan,</i> (Jakarta: Rineka Cipta,
2009) hal 233.</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Ahmad Rohani, <i>Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Administrasi Pendidikan Sekolah, </i>(Jakarta:
Bumi Aksara, 1991), hal </div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Hendiyat soetopo dan wasty soemanto, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Piet A. Sahertian, <i>Konsep Dasar
dan teknik Supervisi Pendidikan, </i>(Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2000) hal 27<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Baharuddin Harahap, <i>Supervisi Pendidikan, </i>(Jakarta: CV Damai Jaya, 1985)
hal 29-31</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn8">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mukhtar</span><i><span style="color: magenta; font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">dan Iskandar<i>, Orientasi
Baru Supervisi Pendidikan, </i>(Jakarta : Gaung Persada Press, 2009) hal 116.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Baharuddin Harahap, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal 18</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn10">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ngalim Purwanto,</span><i><span style="color: magenta; font-family: "Arial Narrow","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Administrasi dan Supervisi Pendidikan</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">, (Bandung : PT Remaja Rosdakarya 2009) hal 144</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn11">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/dasar2%20AMP/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AMP%20supervisi%20pendidikan.docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Piet A. Sahertian, </span><i>Op, Cit</i><i><span lang="IN">.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-50576234811718048262012-06-09T16:17:00.001-07:002012-06-09T16:17:43.902-07:00makalah fiqh thaharah<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PENDAHULUAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Latar
Belakang<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah
merupakan miftah (alat pembuka) pintu untuk memasuki ibadah shalat. Tanpa
thaharah pintu tersebut tidak akan terbuka. artinya tanpa thaharah, ibadah
shalat, baik yang fardhu maupun yang sunnah, tidak sah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Karena
fungsinya sebagai alat pembuka pintu shalat, maka setiap muslim yang akan
melakukan shalat tidak saja harus mengerti thaharah melainkan juga harus
mengetahui dan terampil melaksanakannya sehingga thaharahnya itu sendiri
terhitung sah menurut ajaran ibadah syar’iah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Rumusan
Masalah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Apa
pengertian thaharah ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bagaimana
bunyi daill-dalil mengenai thaharah?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tujuan
thaharah ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembagian
thaharah?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Alat-alat
yang digunakan untuk berthaharah?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Klafikasi
air dan penggunaanya dalam bersuci ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tujuan
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Untuk
memenuhi tugas mata kuliah Kependidikan Islam<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menambah
wawasan penulis dan pembacanya mengenai thaharah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Untuk
memahami cara-cara bersuci yang dikehendaki oleh syari’at islam dan
mempraktekkannya dalam menjalani ibadah sehari-hari.</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">PENGERTIAN THAHARAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Thaharah menurut
bahasa artinya “bersih” Sedangkan menurut istilah syara’ thaharah adalah bersih
dari hadas dan najis. Selain itu
thaharah dapat juga diartikan mengerjakan pekerjaan yang membolehkan shalat,
berupa wudhu, mandi, tayamum dan menghilangkan najis.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 158.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Atau thaharah
juga dapat diartikan melaksanakan pekerjaan dimana tidak sah melaksanakan
shalat kecuali dengannya yaitu menghilangkan atau mensucikan diri dari hadas
dan najis dengan air.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bersuci dari
najis berlaku pada badan, pakaian dan tempat. Cara menghilangkannya harus dicuci dengan airsuci dan mensucikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">DALIL-DALIL
THAHARAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Dalil-dalil
tentang thaharah, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";">ان الله يحب التوابين ويحب المتطهرين . (البقرة : 122)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Artinya
: sesungguhnya Allah menyukai orang-orang yang bertaubat dan menyukai
orang-orang yang bersuci. (Al-Baqarah : 122).</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";">عن ابي سعيد الخدرى "الطهور شطْرُ
الإيْمَان" (رواه المسلم)</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Artinya:
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kebersihan itu sebagian dari iman</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 18.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";">عن مُصْعَب بن
سَعْدٍ, قال: دخل عبد الله بن عمر على ابن سعوده وهو مريض فقال: الا تدعو الله لي,
يا ابن عمر؟ قال: إنّي سمعتُ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلّم, يقول: لا تقبل الصلاة
بغير طهورٍ, ولا صدقة منْ غلولٍ وكنت على البصرة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Artinya: dari mus”ab bin sa,id berkata: Abdullah bin umar pernah
menjenguk ibnu amir yang sedang sakit. Ibnu amir berkata: “Apakah kamu tidak
mau mendo’akan aku, hai ibnu umar?”. Ibnu umar berkata: “saya pernah mendengar
Rasulullah SAW. Bersabda: “Shalat yang tanpa bersuci tidak diterima begitu pula
sedekah dari hasil korupsi”. Sedang kamu adalah penguasa bashrah”.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">TUJUAN THAHARAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ada beberapa
hal yang menjadi tujuan disyariatkannya thaharah, diantaranya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Guna menyucikan diri dari kotoran berupa hadats
dan najis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sebagai syarat sahnya shalat dan ibadah seorang
hamba.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Nabi Saw bersabda:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> “Allah tidak
menerima shalat seorang diantara kalian jika ia berhadas, sampai ia
wudhu”, karena termasuk yang disukari Allah, bahwasanya Allah SWT memuji
orang-orang yang bersuci : firman-Nya, yang
artinya : <i>“sesungguhnya Allah menyukai orang-orang yang bertaubat dan
mensucikan dirinya”.</i>(Al-Baqarah:122)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 36.0pt 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah
memiliki hikmah tersendiri, yakni sebagai pemelihara serta pembersih diri dari
berbagai kotoran maupun hal-hal yang mengganggu dalam aktifitas ibadah seorang
hamba.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 36.0pt 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Seorang hamba
yang seanantiasa gemar bersuci ia akan memiliki keutamaan-keutamaan yang
dianugerahkan oleh Alloh di akhirat nanti. Thaharah juga membantu seorang hamba
untuk mempersiapakan diri sebelum melakukan ibadah-ibadah kepada Alloh. Sebagai
contoh seorang yang shalat sesungguhnya ia sedang menghadap kepada Alloh,
karenanya wudhu membuat agar fikiran hamba bisa siap untuk beribadah dan bisa
terlepas dari kesibukan-kesibukan duniawi, maka diwajibkanlah wudhu sebelum
sholat karena wudhu adalah sarana untuk menenangkan dan meredakan fikiran dari
kesibukan-kesibukan duniawi untuk siap melaksanakan sholat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">PEMBAGIAN THAHARAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kita bisa membagi thaharah secara umum menjadi dua macam pembagian
yang besar yaitu: Taharah Hakiki dan Taharah Hukmi. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah
Hakiki</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah secara hakiki maksudnya adalah hal-hal yang terkait dengan
kebersihan badan, pakaian dan tempat
shalat dari najis. Boleh dikatakan bahwa
thaharah secara hakiki adalah terbebasnya seseorang dari najis. Seseorang yang
shalat yang memakai pakaian yang ada noda darah atau air kencing tidak sah
shalatnya. Karena ia tidak terbebas dari ketidak sucian secara hakiki.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah secara hakiki bisa didapat dengan menghilangkan najis yang
menempel baik pada badan, pakaian atau tempat untuk melakukan ibaadah ritual,
caranya bermacam-macam tergantuk level kenajisannya.bila najis itu ringan cukup
dengan memercikan air saja, maka najis itu dianggap sudah lenyap, bila najis
itu berat, harus dicuci dengan air 7 kali dan salah satunya dengan tanah. Bila
najis itu pertengahan, disucikan dengan cara, mencusikanya dengan air biasa
hingga hilang warna najisnya, dan juga hilang bau najisnya dan hilang rasa najisnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah
Hukmi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الحكميه
هي التى تجاوز محل ما ذكر فى غسل الأعضاء عن الحدث فإنّ محل السبب الفرج. مثلا خرج
منه خارج<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Seseorang yang tidak batal wudhunya, boleh jadi secara fisik tidak
ada kotoran yang menimpanya. Namun dia wajib berthaharah ulang dengan cara
berwudhu, bila ia ingin melakukan ibadah tertentu seperti shalat, thawaf dan
lain-lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Demikian pula dengan orang yang keluar mani. Meski dia telah
membersihkannya dengan bersih, lalu
mengganti bajunya dengan yang baru, dia tetap belum dikatakan suci dari hadas
besar hingga selesai dari mandi janabah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jadi secara thaharah secara hukmi adalah kesucian secara ritual,
dimana secara fisik memang tidak ada kotoran yang menempel, namun seolah-olah
dirinya tidak suci untuk melakukan ibadah ritual. Thaharah secara hukmi
dilakukan dengan cara wudhu atau mandi janabah. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ALAT-ALAT YANG DIGUNAKAN UNTUK
BERTHAHARAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">وَسَائلُ الطهَارَةُ ( الأشْياءَ
التِى يتطَهر بِهَا ) أَرْبِعِةٌ:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أ.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الماءُ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">ب.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الترَابُ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">ج.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الدابغ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">د.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">حجرُ
الإسْتِنْجاء</span><a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">KLASIFIKASI AIR DAN PENGGUNAANYA DALAM BERSUCI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
mulak (air yang suci lagi mensucikan)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak
boleh dan tidak sah mengangkat hadas dan menghilangkan najis melainkan dengan
air mutlak.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
mutlak itu ada 7 jenis, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
hujan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
laut<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
sungai<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
sumur<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang bersumber (dari mata air)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
es<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
embun.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ketahuilah
tidak sah berwudu dengan fardhu, mandi wajib, mandi sunnat, menghilangkan najis
dengan benda cair seperti cuka atau benda beku lainnya seperti tanah dalam
bertayamum ..<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air mutlak mempunyai tiga sifat ,
yaitu :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tha’mun
(Rasa)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Launun
(Warna)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rihun
(Bau)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dan kalau
dikatakan air itu berubah maka yang dimaksudkan ialah berubah sifatnya, air
mutlak itu terkadang berubah rasanya, warnanya, atau baunya sebab dimasuki oleh
sesuatu benda dan benda yang masuk kedalam air itu kadang-kadang mukhlath dan
kadang-kadang mujawir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut istilah,
para ulama berbeda pendapat sebagian mereka mengatakan “ Al-mukhtalat itu ada
yang tidak dapat diceraikan dari air”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dan sebagian
lagi mengatakan “Al-Mukhtalat itu barang yang tidak dapat dibedakan air menurut pandangan mata”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kalau air
berubah dengan sesuatu benda yang mujawir yang, cendana, minyak bunga-bungaan,
kapur barus yang keras, maka air itu masih dianggap suci yang dapat dipakai
untuk ber bercuci, sekalipun banyak perubahannya. Karena perubahan yang sesuatu
mujawir itu, ia akan menguap jua. Karena itu air yang seperti ini dinamakan air
yang mutlak, ban dingannya air yang
berubah karena diasapkan dengan dupa atau berubaah baunya karena berdekatan
dengan bangkai. Maka air yang seperti
ini masih dianggap air yang suci dan dapt dipergunakan untuk bersuci, baik
berubah sifatnya.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air suci tidak mensucikan <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">air yang berubah
sebab bercampur dengan benda-benda suci lainnya (seperti teh, kopi, dan sirup)<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
Misalnya juga dengan sabun, tepung, dan lain-lain yang biasanya terpisah dengan
air. Hukumnya tetap menyucikan selama kemutlakan nya masih terpelihara, jika
sudah tidak, hingga tidak dapat lagi dikatakan mutlak maka hukumnya ialah suci
pada dirinya sendiri, tidak menyucikan bagi lainnya.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air Mutlak yang
Makruh memakainya (air yang suci lagi mensucikan tetapi makruh memakainya)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air yang makruh
memakainya menurut hokum syara’ atau juga dinamakan kahariyatut tanzih ada
delapan macam , yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang sangat panas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang sangat dingin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang berjemur<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
di negeri Tsamud selain dari air sumur naqah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
di negeri kaum Luth <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
telaga Barhut<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
didaerah Babel dan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
ditelaga Zarwan<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
musta’mal <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
musta’mal adalah air yang bekas dipakai (dipakai berwudhu atau mencuci najis) atau air yang sudah digunakan
untuk menghilangkan hadas atau najis, kalau memang tidak berubah dan tidak
bertambah timbangannya. Jadi airnya suci.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang terkena najis<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air najis adalah
air yang kemasukan benda najis dan air itu kurang dua kolah, atau air itu ada
dua kolah tetapi berubah.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> Maksudnya
air yang kemasukan benda najis didalamnya, andai kata air tersebut hanya
tertulari bau busuk dari najis yang dibuang dipinggirnya maka air yang demikian
ini tidak najis, sebab tidak bertemu langsung dengan najisnya. Dan yang
dimaksud dengan berubah andai kata air yang banyak tersebut tidak berubah
dengan adanya najis atau najisnya hanya sedikit dan hancur dalam air maka air
yang demikian ini juga tidak najis. Dan seluruh air itu boleh digunakan menurut
mazhab yang shahih.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">KESIMPULAN</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah merupakan salah satu ibadah yang
disyariatkan oleh Alloh kepada hamba sebelum melakukan ibadah yang lain.
Thaharah hanya dilakukan dengan sesuatu yang suci dan dapat menyucikan.
Thaharah juga menunjukan bahwa sesungguhnya islam sangat menghargai kesucian
dan kebersihan sehingga diwajibkan kepada setiap muslim untuk senantiasa
menjaga kesucian dirinya, hartanya serta lingkungannya. Hal ini dibuktikan
dengan bab thaharah adalah bab pertama yang dibahas dalam setiap kitab fiqih
yang ada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i>Waullahu
‘Alam.</i></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Anwar Moch, <i>Fiqih Islam Tarjamah Matan
Taqrib,</i> Bandung: PT Alma’arif, 1987<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> H. Muqarrabin, <i>Fiqih awam, </i>Demak<i>:</i>
Cv. Media Ilmu, 1997, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mushtafa, Abid Bishri, <i>Tarjamah Shahih Muslim, </i>Semarang: CV
Asy-Syifa, 1993<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Al-Gazzi Ibnu Qosim, <i>Hasiyah Asy-Syekh Ibrahim Al-Baijuuri, </i>Baerut:
Dar Al-Fikr, 2005<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Hasan bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Salim
Al-Kafi, <i>Taqrirqtus Sadidah Fi Masailil Mufidah, </i>Surabaya: Dar Al-Ulum
Al-Islamiyah, 2006</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Abu
Bakar Imam Taqiyuddin, Bin Muhammad Alhusaini , <i>Kifayatul Akhyar, </i>Surabaya: Bina Imam, 2003<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Muhammad
Arsyad Al-Banjari Syekh, <i>Sabilal Muhtadin, </i>(Surabaya: PT Bina Ilmu)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> H.
Moch. Anwar, <i>Fiqih Islam Tarjamah Matan Taqrib,</i> (Bandung: PT
Alma’arif, 1987) Hal 9</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> Al
Ust. H Muqarrabin, <i>Fiqih awam, (Demak:</i> Cv. Media Ilmu, 1997), Hal</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Abid Bishri mushtafa, <i>Tarjamah Shahih Muslim, </i>(Semarang: CV Asy-Syifa,
1993) juz 1. Hal 325</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> Ibnu
Qosim Al-Gazzi, <i>Hasiyah Asy-Syekh Ibrahim Al-Baijuuri, </i>(Baerut: Dar
Al-Fikr, 2005) juz 1, hal 34.</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <span lang="IN">Hasan bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Salim
Al-Kafi, <i>Taqrirqtus Sadidah Fi Masailil Mufidah, </i>(Surabaya: Dar Al-Ulum
Al-Islamiyah, 2006) hal 56<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari, <i>Sabilal Muhtadin, </i>(Surabaya: PT Bina
Ilmu, ) juz 1, hal 17</div>
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Moch. Anwar, <i>Long Cit</i></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari, <i>Ibid. </i>21</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Said Sabiq, <i>fiqh Sunnah 1, </i>(Bandung: PT Alma’arif, 1973) juz 1</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Fiqih/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Syekh Muhamad Arsyad Al-banjari, <i>Ibid, </i>Hal
25</div>
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Imam Taqiyuddin Abu Bakar Bin Muhammad Alhusaini , <i>Kifayatul Akhyar, </i>(Surabaya: Bina Imam, 2003) Juz 1,Hal 19</div>
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Imam Taqiyuddin Abu bakar Bin Muhammad
Alhusaini, <i>ibid, </i>Hal 21.</div>
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</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-12605958295561623592012-06-09T16:13:00.000-07:002012-06-09T16:13:31.316-07:00kebebasan, tanggung jawab dan hati nurani<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Persoalan kebebasan hati nurani
sebagai norma moral subjektif bukanlah sebuah persoalan yang mudah diselesaikan
dengan begitu saja dalam kehidupan manusia, karena hati nurani berkaitan erat
dengan pribadi manusia. Bahkan, para pakar moral mengatakan bahwa pembicaraan
mengenai hati nurani sebagai norma moral subjektif merupakan suatu fakta yang
sangat rumit karena apa yang disebut sebagai norma moral subjektif tidak lepas
dari pribadi atau subjek yang mengambil keputusan. Dapat dikatakan bahwa hati
nurani sebagai norma moral subyektif memainkan peranan yang sangat penting
dalam kehidupan manusia, terutama ketika manusia berhadapan dengan suatu
persoalan yang membutuhkan keputusan dari manusia itu sendiri. Hati nurani
sebagai jalan keluar yang paling akhir dalam mengambil keputusan menjadikan
manusia otoritas eksklusif atas apa yang diperintahkan oleh hati nuraninya.
Dengan demikian, setiap orang sebagai subjek yang mengambil keputusan
bertanggungjawab atas tindakan dan perbuatannya dengan segala konsekuensi dari
apa yang dia putuskan. Pengambilan keputusan oleh setiap orang, dapat kita
lihat dalam pengalaman hidup sehari-hari.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Masalah kebebasan dari dahulu sampai
sekarang masih dipermasalahkan terutama dalam pembahasan dalam masalah teologi.
Di mana banyak perbedaan paham tentang masalah kebebasan manusia.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kebebasan, tanggung jawab dan hati
nurani semua mempunyai kaitan dan hubungan. Yang mana akan dibahas dalam
makalah ini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[endif]--></span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">KEBEBASAN, TANGGUNG JAWAB, DAN HATI NURANI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">KEBEBASAN.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Di antara yang
masalah menjadi bahan perdebatan sengit dari sejak dulu hingga sekarang adalah
masalah kebebasan atau kemerdekaan menyalurkan kehendak dan kemauan. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Yakni adakah kehendak kita merdeka
dalam memilih perbuatan yang kita buat? Adakah orang itu dapat memilih di
antara berbuat atau tidak, dan dapatkah ia membentuk perbuatannya menurut
kemauannya? Adakah kita merdeka dalam mengikuti apa yang diperintahkan etika,
atau kita dapat mengikuti dan dapat menolak?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut
di kalangan para ahli teologi terbagi kepada dua kelompok. <i>Pertama</i>
kelompok yang berpendapat bahwa manusia memiliki kehendak bebas dan merdeka
untuk melakukan perbuatannya menurut kemaunnya sendiri. Ia makan, minum,
belajar, berjalan dan seterusnya adalah atas kemauan sendiri. <i>Kedua</i>
kelompok yang berpendapat bahwa manusia tidak memilki kebebasan untuk
melaksanakan perbuatannya. Mereka dibatasi dan ditentukan oleh Tuhan. Jika
manusia makan, minum, berjalan, bekerja dan setrusnya, pada hakikatnya
mengikuti kehendak Tuhan. Dalam pandangan golongan yang kedua ini manusia tak ubahnya
seperti wayang yang mengikuti sepenuhnya kemauan dalang<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Mungkin demi
menunjukan adanya tanggung jawab manusia atas perbuatannya dan hak memperoleh
balasan atas perbuatan itu, al-Asy’ari memakai istiulah <i>al-kasb </i>yang
biasa diartikan dengan usaha</span><a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Al-Ghazali juga berpandapat bahwa
Allahlah yang menciptakan daya sekaligus perbuatan manusia. Karena itu, ia
menilai bahwa paham Qodariyyah yang dianut Mu’tazilah bertentangan dengan
keyakinan yang dianut secara umum tentang tidak ada pencipta selain Allah<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Al-jubba’i berpendapat bahwa
perbuatan manusia adalah ciptaan manusia sendiri. Dengan kata lain, berbuat
baik atau jahat dan patuh serta ingkar kepada Allah terjadi atas kehendak
manusia sendiri dengan daya yang sudah ada dalam dirinya<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
Sejalan dengan itu, Abduljabbar mengatakan bahwa perbuatan manusia bukan
diciptakan langsung oleh Allah, tetapi manusia sendirilah yang mewujudkannya.
Dalam melakukan perbuatannya manusia memiliki daya<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>,
dan dengan daya itulah manusia bebas berikhtiar dalam berbuat<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dizaman baru ini perdebatan masalah
kebebasan dan keterpaksaan tersebut muncul kembali. Sebagian ahli filsafat
seperti Spinoza, Hucs dan Malebrache berpendapat bahwa manusia melakukan
sesuatu karena terpaksa. Sementara sebagian ahli filsafat lainnya berpendapat
bahwa manusia memiliki kebebasan untuk menetapkan perbuatannya<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
Manakah di antara dua pendapat yang paling benar bukan hak kita untuk
menilainya, karena masing-masing memiliki argumentasi yang sama-sama kuat dan
meyakinkan. Kecenderungan masing-masing pembacalah yang mana di antara dua
aliran itu yang lebih diterima akal pikirannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dalam kaitan dengan keperluan kajian
akhlak, tampaknya pendapat yang mengatakan bahwa manusia memiliki kebebasan
melakukan perbuatannyalah yang akan diikuti disini. Sementara golongan
yang mengatakan bahwa manusia tidak memiliki kebebasan juga akan diikuti di
sini dengan menempatkannya secara proporsional. Yakni dalam hal bagaimanakah
manusia itu bebas, dan dalam hal bagaimana pula manusia itu terbatas. Dengan
cara demikian kita mencoba berbuat adil terhadap kedua kelompok yang berbeda
pendapat itu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kebebasan sebagaimana dikemukakan
ahmad Charris Zubair adalah terjadi apabila kemungkinan-kemungkinan untuk
bertindak tidak dibatasi oleh suatu paksaan dari atau keterikatan kepada orang
lain. Paham ini disebut bebas negatif, karena hanya dikatakan bebas dari apa,
tetapi tidak ditentukan bebas untuk apa. Seorang disebut bebas apabila:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dapat
menentukan sendiri tujuan-tujuannya dan apa yang dilakukannya</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dapat memilih
antara kemungkinan-kemungkinan yang tersedia baginya, dan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 7.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tidak dipaksa
atau terikat untuk memuat sesuatu yang tidak akan dpilihnya sendiri ataupun
dicegah dari berbuat apa yang dipilihnya sendiri, oleh kehendak orang lain,
negara atau kekuasaan apapun<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Selain itu kebebasan itu meliputi
segala macam kegiatan manusia, yaitu kegiatan yang disadari, disengaja dan
dilakukan demi suatu tujuan yang selanjutnya disebut tindakan. Namun bersamaan
dengan itu manusia juga memiliki keterbatasan atau dipaksa menerima apa adanya.
Misalnya keterbatasan dalam menentukan jenis kelaminnya, keterbatasan kesukuan
kita, keterbatasan asal keturunan kita, bentuk tubuh kita, dan sebagainya.
Namun keterbatasan yang demikian itu sifatnya fisik, dan tidak membatasi kebebasan
yang bersifatnya rohaniah. Dengan demikaian keterbatasan-keterbatasan tersebut
tidak mengurangi kebebasan kita.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dilihat dari segi sifatnya,
kebebasan itu dapat dibagi tiga. <i>Pertama </i>kebebasan jasmaniah, yaitu
kebebasan dalam menggerakkan dan mempergunakan anggota badan yang kita miliki.
Dan kita dijumpai adanya batas-batas jangkauan yang dapat dilakukan oleh
anggota badan kita, hal itu tidak mengurangi kebebasan, melainkan menentukan
sifat dari kebebasan itu. Manusia misalnya berjenis kelamin dan berkumis,
tetapi tidak dapat terbang, semua itu tidak disebut melanggar kebebasan
jasmaniah kita, karena kemempuan terbang berada di luar kapasitas kodrati yang
dimiliki manusia. Yang dapat dikatakan melanggar kebebasan jasmaniah hanyalah
paksaan, yaitu pembatasan oleh seorang atau lembaga masyarakat berdasarkan
kekuatan jasmaniah yang ada padanya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kedua, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">kebebasan kehendak (rohaniah), yaitu
kebebasan untuk menghendaki sesuatu. Jangkauan kebebasan kehendak adalah sejauh
kemungkinan untuk berfikir, karena manusia dapat memikirkan apa saja dan dapat
menghendaki apa saja. Kebebasan kehendak berada dengan kebebasan jasmaniah.
Kebebasan kehendak tidak dapat secara langsung dibatasi dari luar. Orang tidak
dapat dipaksakan menghendaki sesuatu, sekalipun jasmaniahnya dikurung.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ketiga, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">kebebasan moral dalam arti luas
berarti tidak adanya macam-macam ancaman, tekanan, larangan dan lain desakan
yang tidak sampai berupa paksaan fisik. Dan dalam arti sempit berarti tidak
adanya kewajiban, yaitu kebebasan berbuat apabila terdapat
kemungkinan-kemungkinan untuk bertindak.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kebebasan pada tahap selanjutnya
mengandung kemampuan khusus manusiawi untuk bertindak, yaitu dengan menuntukan
sendiri apa yang mau dibuat berhadapan dengan macam-macam unsur. Manusia bebas
berarti manusia yang dapat menentukan sendiri tindakannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Selanjutnya manusia dalam bertindak
dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan luar, tetapi dapat mengambil sikap dan menentukan
dirinya sendiri. Manusia tidak begitu saja dicetak oleh dunia luar dan
dorongan-dorongannya di dalam, melainkan ia membuat diri sendiri berhdapan
dengan unsur-unsur tersebut. Dengan demikian kebebasan merupakan tanda dan
ungkapan martabat manusia, sebagai satu-satunya makhluk yang tidak ditentukan
dan digerakkan, melainkan yang dapat menentukan dunianya dan dirinya sendiri.
Apa saja yang dilakukan atas kesadaran dan keputusannya sendiri dianggap hal
yang tidak wajar<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.2pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Paham adanya kebebasan pada manusia ini sejalan pula de</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ngan isyarat
yang diberikan al-Qur'an. Perhatikan beberapa ayat di bawah ini: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-left: 0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">È</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">%</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">,</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">§</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">©</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Æ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">©</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">õ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Artinya:</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span>“<i>Dan
Katakanlah: "Kebenaran itu datangnya dari Tuhanmu; Maka barangsiapa yang
ingin (beriman) hendaklah ia beriman, dan barangsiapa yang ingin (kafir)
Biarlah ia kafir</i>”(QS. Al-Kahfi: 29)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-left: 0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">û</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">%</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">©</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ß</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>þ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">û</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">w</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>3</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">+</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">û</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Í</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">z</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>P</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>þ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">A</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">P</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">p</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">É</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">H</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">G</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">¤</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">©</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>¼</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">?</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Á</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Í</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">É</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Artinya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> “<i>Perbuatlah apa
yang kamu kehendaki; Sesungguhnya dia Maha melihat apa yang kamu kerjakan</i>”.
(QS. Fushilat, 40)</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-left: 0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">£</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">G</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">;</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¹</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>×</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">p</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">7</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Á</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>L</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">6</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¹</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">p</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">k</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">V</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">i</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">L</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">T</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">d</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">d</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¡</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>3</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>©</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">?</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>È</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">e</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">.</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>&</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">«</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Artinya: </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; letter-spacing: -.1pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span dir="LTR"></span>“<i>Dan Mengapa
ketika kamu ditimpa musibah (pada peperangan Uhud), padahal kamu Telah
menimpakan kekalahan dua kali lipat kepada musuh-musuhmu (pada peperangan
Badar), kamu berkata: "Darimana datangnya (kekalahan) ini?"
Katakanlah: "Itu dari (kesalahan) dirimu sendiri". Sesungguhnya Allah
Maha Kuasa atas segala sesuatu</i>”. (QS. Ali Imran: 165)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ayat-ayat
tersebut dengan jelas memberi peluang kepada <span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;">manusia
untuk secara bebas menentukan tindakannya berdasarkan </span>kemauannya
sendiri.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TANGGUNG JAWAB.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Selanjutnya
kebebasan sebagaimana disebutkan di atas itu ditantang jika berhadapan dengan
kewajiban moral. Sikap moral yang dewasa adalah sikap bertanggung jawab. Tak
mungkin ada tanggung jawab tanda ada kebebasan. Di sinilah letak kebebasan
dengan tanggung jawab.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Dalam
kerangka tanggung jawab ini, kebebasan mengandung arti:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Kemampuan
untuk menentukan dirinya sendiri</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Kemampuan
untuk bertanggung jawab</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Kedewasaan
manusia, dan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Keseluruhan
kondisi yang memungkinkan manusia melakukan tujuan hidupnya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Sejalan
dengan adanya kebebasan atau kesengajaan, orang harus bertanggung jawab
terhadap tindakannya yang disengaja itu. Ini berarti bahwa ia harus dapat
mengatakan dengan jujur kepada kata hatinya, bahwa tindakannya itu sesuai dengan
penerangan dan tuntutan kata hati itu, setidak-tidaknya menurut keyakinannya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Dengan
demikian tanggung jawab dalam akhlak adalah keyakinan bahwa tindakannya itu
baik. Ini pun sesuai dengan ungkapan Indonesia, yaitu kalau dikatakan bahwa
orang yang melakukan kekacauan sebagai orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab, maka
yang dimaksud adalah bahwa perbuatan yang dilakukan orang tersebut secara moral
tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, mengingat perbuatan tersebut tidak dapat
diterima oleh masyarakat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Uraian
tersebut menunjukan bahwa tanggung jawab erat kaitannya dengan kesengajaan atau
perbuatan yang dilakukan dengan kesadaran. Orang yang melakukan perbuatan tapi
dalam keadaan tidur atau mabuk dan semacamnya tidak dapat dikatakan sebagai
perbuatan yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, karena permasalahan tersebut
dilakukan bukan karena pilihan akalnya yang sehat. Selain itu tanggung jawab
erat hubungannya dengan hati nurani atau intuisi yang ada dalam diri manusia
yang selalu menyuarakan kebenaran. Seseorang baru dapat disebut bartanggung
jawab apabila secara intuisi perbuatannya itu dapat dipertanggungjawabkan pada
hati nurani dan kepada masyarakat pada umumnya<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; padding: 0cm;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">HATI NURANI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Hati
dalam bahasa Arab disebut dengan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">qolb,</span></i> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">yang berarti “sesuatu yang berputar atau berbalik.”<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; padding: 0cm;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Hati
nurani atau intuisi merupakan tempat dimana manusia dapat memperoleh saluran
ilham dari Tuhan. Hati nurani ini diyakini selalu cenderung kepada kebaikan dan
tidak suka kepada keburukan. Atas dasar inilah muncul aliran atau paham
intuisisme, yaitu paham yang mengatakan bahwa perbuatan baik adalah perbuatan
yang sesuai dengan kata hati, sedangkan perbuatan yang </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Karena
sifatnya yang demikian itu, maka hati nurani harus menjadi salah-satu dasar
atas pertimbangan dalam melaksanakan kebebasan yang ada dalam diri manusia,
yaitu kebebasan yang tidak menyalahi atau membelenggu hati nuraninya, karena
kebebasan yang demikian itu pada hakikatnya adalah kebebasan yang merugikan
secara moral.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Dari
paham kebebasan yang demikian itu, maka timbullah tanggung jawab, yaitu bahwa
kebebasan yang diperbuat itu secara hati nuranidan moral harus dapat
dipertanggungjawabkan. Di sinilah letak hubungan antara kebebasan, tanggung
jawab dan hati nurani.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; padding: 0cm;">[12]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">HUBUNGAN
KEBEBASAN, TANGGUNG JAWAB DAN HATI NURANI</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Pada
uraian terdahulu telah disinggung bahwa suatu perbuatan baru dapat
dikategorikan sebagai perbuatan akhlaki atau perbuatan yang dapat bernilai
akhlak, apabila perbuatan tersebut dilakukan atas kemauan sendiri, bukan
paksaan dan bukan pula dibuat-buat dan dilakukan dengan tulus ikhlas. Untuk
mewujudkan perbuatan akhlak yang ciri-cirinya demikian baru bisa terjadi
apabila orang yang melakukannya memiliki kebebasan atau kehendak yang timbul
dari dalam dirinya sendiri. Dengan demikian perbuatan yang berakhlak itu adalah
perbuatan yang dilakukan dengan sengaja secara bebas. Di sinilah letak hubungan
antara kebebasan dan perbuatan akhlak.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Selanjutnya
perbuatan akhlak juga harus dilakukan atas kemauan sendiri dan bukan paksaan.
Perbuatan yang seperti inilah yang dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawabannya dari
orang yang melakukannya. Di sinilah letak hubungan antara tanggung jawab dan
perbuatan akhlak.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Dalam
pada itu perbuatan akhlak juga harus muncul dari keikhlasan hati yang
melakukannya, dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan kepada hati sanubari, maka
hubungan akhlak dengan kata hati menjadi demikian penting.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 1.0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; padding: 0cm;">Dengan demikian, maslah kebebasan, tanggung jawab dan hati nurani
adalah merupakan faktor dominan yang menentukan suatu perbuatan dapat dikatakan
sebagai perbuatan akhlaki. Di sinilah letak hubungan fungsional antara
kebebasan, tanggung jawab dan hati nurani dengan akhlak. Karenanya dalam
membahas akhlak seseorang tidak dapat meninggalkan pembahasan mengenai
kebebasan, tanggung jawab dan hati nurani.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="border: 1pt none windowtext; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; padding: 0cm;">[13]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">BAB III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 200%;">PENUTUP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">SIMPULAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kebebasan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Dilihat dari segi sifatnya, kebebasan itu dapat dibagi
menjadi tiga: -1. <i>Kebebasan Jasmani, </i>yaitu kebebasan dalam menggerakkan
dan mempergunakan anggota badan yang kita miliki. -2. <i>Kebebasan Kehendak
(Rohani), </i>yaitu kebebasan untuk menghendaki sesutu. -3. <i>Kebebasan Moral</i>
yang dalam arti luas berarti tidak adanta macam-macam ancaman, tekanan,
larangan, dan desakan yang tidak sampai berupa paksaan fisik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Tanggung Jawab<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Dalam kerangka tanggung jawab disini, kebebasan
menggantung arti:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kemampuan untuk menentukan dirinya sendiri<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kemampuan untuk bertanggung jawab<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kedewasaan manusia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Keseluruhan kondisi yang memungkinkan manusia melakukan
tujuan hidupnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Hati Nurani<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Hati Nurani Hati
nurani atau intuisi
merupakan tempat dimana
manusia dapat memperoleh</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">saluran ilham dari
Tuhan. Hati nurani
ini diyakini selalu
cenderung kepada kebaikan
dan tidak suka intuisisme,
yaitu paham yang
mengatakan bahwa perbuatan
yang baik adalah
perbuatan yang sesuai dengan
kata hati, sedangkan
perbuatan yang buruk
adalah perbuatan yang
tidak sejalan dengan kata hati atau hati nurani.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Abduljabbar,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Syarh al-Ushul al-Khamsah</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, Kairo: Maktabah Wahbah, 1965,</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Musthafa
al-Maragi, Abdullah</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">al-Fath</span></i></span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A</span></i><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">l-Mubin</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Beirut:
Muhammad Amin Dimaj, 1974</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Amin,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Ahmad</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">,</span><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> <span lang="IN">Ilmu
Akhlak,</span></span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">(terj.) Farid Ma’ruf, dari judul asli</span> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">al-Akhlaq</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1975</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">A</span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">min, Ahmad</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">,</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> <i><span lang="IN">Zhuhr
al-islam</span></i><span lang="IN">, juz 4, Beirut:</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> Dar El-Fikr</span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">, 1969</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Charris
Zubair,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Ahmad</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">,</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> <i><span lang="IN">Kuliah
Etika,</span></i></span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></i><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Jakarta:
Rajawali Pers, 1990</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Al-Syahrastani</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A</span></i><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">l-Milal wa </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A</span></i><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">l-Nihal,</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, Beirut: Dar </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">l</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">-</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">fikr.</span><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Al-ghazali,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">al-Iqtishad fi al-I’tiqad</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, Ankara: Ankara University,
1962</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Nasution,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Harun</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">,</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> <i><span lang="IN">Teologi
(Ilmu Kalam),</span></i></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Jakarta: UI Press, 1972</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Nata, </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Abuddin,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Akhlak Tasawuf</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, Jakarta: Rajawali Pers,
2010</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0cm; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Kazhim,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Musa</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">,</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> <i><span lang="IN">Belajar
Menjadi Sufi</span></i><span lang="IN">, Jakarta: Lentera, 2002</span></span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Harun Nasution,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Teologi (Ilmu Kalam),</span></i> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">(Jakarta: UI Press, 1972),
hal.87.</span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Ahmad amin, <i>Zhuhr
al-islam</i>, juz 4, (Beirut</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">: Dar Al-Fikr</span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">., 1969), h. 79.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Al-ghazali,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">al-Iqtishad fi al-I’tiqad</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, (Ankara: Ankara University,
1962), h. 84.</span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Al-Syahrastani,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">al-Milal</span></i></span><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> wa An-Nihal, </span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">(Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr)</span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> h. 81.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Abduljabbar,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Syarh al-Ushul al-Khamsah</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, (Kairo: Maktabah Wahbah,
1965), h. 323.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Abdullah Musthafa
al-Maragi,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Al-Fath Al-Mubin,</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> (Beirut: Muhammad Amin Dimaj, 1974)</span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> juz 2, h. 367.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Ahmad
Amin,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Ilmu Akhlak,</span></i> <span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">(terj.) Farid Ma’ruf, dari
judul asli</span> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">al-Akhlaq</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, (Jakarta: Bulan Bintang,
1975, cet.1, hal.53</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Ahmad
Charris Zubair,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Kuliah Etika,</span> </i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">(Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 1990),
cet.1, hal.39-40.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ibid. </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">hlm. 43</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Abuddin Nata,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Akhlak Tasawuf</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, (Jakarta: Rajawali
Pers, 2010), h. 133 - 135.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Musa Kazhim,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">Belajar Menjadi Sufi</span></i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;">, (Jakarta: Lentera, 2002), h.
84.</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.1pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[12]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">Abuddin
Nata</span><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">,</span><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;"> </span></i><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">O</span></i><i><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">p. Cit.,</span></i><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></i><span lang="IN" style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; padding: 0cm;">h. 135.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/Akhlak%20Tasawwuf/ISI%20MAKALAH%20AKHLAK%20TASAWUF.docx#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">[13]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i>Ibid, </i>hal
136<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-31101768810131923022012-05-28T21:35:00.000-07:002012-06-09T16:10:35.217-07:00riwayat al-akabir an as-shaghir<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">RI</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">W</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">AY</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">T AL-AKABIR AN AS-SHAGHIR<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut bahasa berasal dari kata Al-Kabiru
adalah bentuk jama’ dari As-Shaghiru dan artinya adalah riwayat orang besar
dari orang kecil. Sedangkan menurut istilah :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">ان يروي الشخص عمن هو دونه في السن و الطبقة او فى العلم
و الحفظ<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>“Adalah riwayat seseorang
dari seorang perawi yang lebih rendah umurnya dan thabaqahnya atau lebih rendah ilmu nya.”<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></b></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pendapat lain mengatakan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">ان يروي الشخص عمن دونه في السن و الاخذ عن الشيوخ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“ adalah riwayat seseorang dari seorang perawi yang lebih
rendah umurnya dan mengambil dari guru.“<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></b></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dengan
demikian yang dimasud dengan riwayat Al-Akabir an As-Shagir, iaah periwayatan
hadits dari seorang rawi ang lebih tua usianya atau yang lebih banyak ilmunya
dari rawi yang lebih rendah usianya atau lebih sedikit ilmunya yang diperoleh
dari seorang guru.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jelasnya adalah seorang perawi yang
meriwayatkan suatu hadits dari seorang perawi lain yang lebih kecil umurnya dan
lebih rendah tingkatnya, atau seorang operawi hadits meriwayatkan suatu hadits
dari orang yang lh;;;ebih sedikit ilmu dan hapalannya, seperti riwayat perawi
yang ‘alim lagi Hafidz dari syeikh yang tidak ‘alim sekalipun lebih tua
umurnya, inilah yang perlu penjelasan bahwa semata-mata tua umurnya atau lebih
dahulu tingkatannya saja, dalam arti tidak sama dalam ilmunya dari pada orang
yang diberi riwayat tidak lah cukup disebut sebagai riwayat Al-Akabir ‘an
As-Shagir.</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><o:p></o:p><br />
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<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18pt;">Riwayat Al-akabir ‘an As-shagir dapat dibagi
menjadi 3 macam:</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila rawi yang meriwayatkan Hadits itu
lebih tua dan lebih dahulu tingkatannya dari pada yang diberi riwayat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila rawi yang meriwayatkan hadits itu lebih menguasai dari pada orang
yang diberi riwayat, seperti riwayat rawi yang hafidz kepada orang yang tua
tapi tidak hafiz, contoh: riwayat imam malik dari Abdullah bin dinar<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila rawi lebih tua dan mampu dari pada
yang diberi riwayat. Artinya, lebih tua dan lebih alim daripadanya. Contoh:
riwayat Al-Barqany dari Al-khatib<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kata Asybul Asybal Ahmad Muhammad Syakir:
“terkadang-kadang perawi meriwayatkan hadits dari seorang yang lebih muda dari
padanya, ataulebih rendah kedudukan ilmu dari padanya, atau umur dan ilmu.
Kerna itu,haruslah kita mengetahui hal yang demikian itu agar tidak samar bagi kita,
dan agar kita tidak menyamgka, bahwa si rawi itulebih muda edan lebih rendah
dari marwi anhu, bertukar dari sebagian perawi, sebagai mana apabila Az Zuhry
dan Yahya ibn Sa’ied dan sebagaimana pula Abul Qasim Abdillah ibn Ahmad Al
Azhari meriwayatkan hadits dari muridnya Al Khathib. Semuanya lebih besar,
lebih tinggi dari muridnya dan lebih tua. Dan sebagaimana apabila Malik meriwayatkan
Hadits dari Abdillah Ibnu Dinar sedang malik itu lebih tinggi ilmu, dan
kedudukannya dari Ibnu Dinar, Dalam hal
ini Ibnu Dinar lebih tua dari pada dari Malik. Demikian juga riwayat Ahmad bin
Hanbal dan Ishak bin Rahaqaih, dua orang guru besarapabila meriwayatkan hadits
dari gurunya Ubaidullah ibn Musa Al’ Abbasy, seorang yang kepercayaan, akan
tetapi tidak termasuk golongan ulama yang terkrnal, dan tiada termasuk golongan
orang ahli ijtihad.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">para muhaditsin mengemukakan dasar ada riwayat
Al-akabir an al-Ashagir ini,ialah sabda Rasululah SAW tentang al-jassasah
(dajjal), yang dalam Hadits tersebut Nabi memperoleh cerita dari tamim Ad-Dary,
ia berkata:</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">اتدرون لم جمعتكم؟ قالوا: الله و رسوله اعلم! قال: اني والله
ما جمعتكم لرغبة ولا لرهبة, ولكن جمعتكم لأنّ تميما الدّاريّ كان رجلا نصرنيّا,
فجاء فبايع وحدّثني حديثا واقف الذي كنت أحدّثكم عن مسيح الدّجّال<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><i><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>“tahukah,mengapa kamu sekalian saya kumpulkan?” hanya Allah
dan Rasul-Nyalah yang lebih tahu”sahut mereka. “demi Allah, saya kumpulakan
kamu, bukan untuk mengembirakam dan menakut-nakuti, tetapi mengumpulkan kamu
semua, karena ta mim AD-Dary, konon ia adalah seorang nasrani, lalu datang
minta baiat dan menceritakan kepadaku suatu cerita yang persis dengan apa yang
ceritakan kepada kalian tentang masihid-dajjal”</span></i><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Riwayat yang termasuk dalam pengertian riwayat Al-Akabir an A</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">n-Ashagir ialah: riwayat asshahabah an
attabi’iy, riwayat At-tabi’it an At-Tabi’it tabi’in, dan riwayat Al-Abai an
Al-Abna.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambaran riwayat As-shahabah an At-Tabi’it
tabi’in seperti periwayatan shahabat Ibnu ‘Abbas r.a. dari Ka’ab Al-Akhbar,
seorang tabi’iy <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gambaran riwayat At-tabi’iy an At-Tabi’it
tabi’in seperti periwayatan seorang tabi’iy
Muhammad bin Syihab az-Zuhri dari ImamMalik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Diantara contoh Hadits yang periwayatannya
diklasifikasikan dengan riwayat al-abai an al-abnai, iaah hadits yang
diriwayatkan oleh Musyas bin Atha’ dari Al-‘Abbas bin Abdul Muthalib r.a
dari putranya Al-Fadll ujarnya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 478.8pt;" valign="top" width="638"><div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">ان النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم امر ضعفة بني
هاشم ان ينفروا من جمع بليل</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“bahwa Nabi Muhammad SAW memerintahkan kepada orang
lemah dari Bani Hasyim (anak-anak kecil) agar meninggalkan berkumpul disatu
malam (semalam suntuk di Mizdalifah sampai sembahyang subuh, tapi terus ke
Mina)”<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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</tbody></table>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">الفضل</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">العبّاس بن عبد المطلب<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</v:stroke></v:shape><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">عطاء<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">مشاس</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Faidah mengetahui riwayat al-akabir an
as-shagir ini, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ialah untuk menghindari persangkaan bahwa pada sanadnya terjadi pemutar
balikan rawy dan untuk menjauhkan persangkaan kebanyakan orang, bahwa guru itu
tentu lebih pintar dari muridnya. Padahal tidak tentu demikian. Nabi Muhammad
SAW telah memerintahkan agar kita selalu menempatkan seseorang pada kedudukan
yag sesuai dengan kecakapannya dalam sabdanya;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">امرنا رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم ان ننزل الناس منازلهم</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“Rasulullah SAW telah memerintahkan kepada
kita, agar kita tempatkan seseorang pada kedudukannya” </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">(Riwayat Abu Daud)<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">agar tidak diduga atau disangka bahwa didalam sanad hadits itu terdapat
penukaran atau pembaikan karena kebiasaan yang berlaku adalah riwayat rawi
kecil dari rawi besar<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></a></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">RIWAYAT AS-SHAHABAH AN’ AT-TABI’IN AN’
AS-SHABAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Diantara riwat al-akabir an as-shagir ialah
periwayatan seorang shahaby yang diterima dari tabi’iy, sedang tabi’iy ini
menerima dari seorang shahaby pula. Umpamanya, Abu Hurairah menerima Hadits
dari Ka’bil Ahbar yang menerima hadits dari ibnu Abbas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jenis periwayatan ini sangat sedikit
jumlahnya. Sebagian ahli hadits tidak membenar adanya riwayat hadits yang
demikian ini. Mereka mengatakan, bahwa shahaby menerima hadits dari tabi’in
riwayat-riwayat Israiliyat dan hadits-hadits yang Mauquf saja.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ahli-ahli hadits telah meneliti
riwayat-riwayat yang sedemikian ini, dan mendapati ada sejumlah dua puluh
hadits.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Alkhatib Al ‘Iraqi telah menyusun kitab yang
berisi dengan hadits-hadits yang demikian riwayatnya. Diantaranya, hadits yang
diriwayatkan olehAs Sa’ib bin Yazid Ash Shahabi dari Abdur Rahman Al Qari At
Tabi’i dari Umar bin Khatab dari Nabi SAW:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">من نام عن حزبه او عن شيئ منه فقراه في ما بين صلاة الفجر و صلاة الظهر كتب
لهكانما قراه من الليل<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span dir="LTR"></span><i><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>“barang siapa tidur
hingga ketinggalan hizibnya, atau sedikit dari padanya, maka ia membacanya
diantara sembahyang shubuh dan dzuhur niscaya Allah tuliskan baginya,
seolah-olah ia membaca dimalam hari juga”. (H. R. Muslim I : 207)</span></i><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebagian muhadditsin mengingkari wujudnya
periwayatan semacam ini, disebabkan apabila terjadi seorang shahabat
meriwayatkan hadits dari seorang tabi’iy, itupun hanya merupakan riwayat
israi’iliyat (dongeng-dongeng yahudi) saja atau Hadits Mauquf. Tetapi
pengingkaran ini tidaklah kena, sebab walaupun tidak banyak, dapat kita
buktikan adanya periwayatan semacam itu. Antara lain Hadits yang ditkhrijkan
Imam Bukhari melalui sanad-sanad: Ismail bin ‘Abdullah, Ibrahim bin Sa’ad,
Shalih bin Kaisan, Ibnu Shihab, Sahal ibnu Saad as-Sa’idiy r.a., Marwan bin
Hakam (tabi’iy) dari Zaid bin Tsabit r.a. yang menggambarkan:<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"> <a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">أن النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم املي علي : (لا يستوى
القاعدون من المؤمنين والمجاهدون في سبيل الله) فجاءه ابن أمّ مكتوم وهو يملّها
عليّ فقال: يا رسول الله, الله, لو استطيع الجهاد لجاهدت</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</v:stroke></v:shape><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“Nabi Muhammad s.a.w mendektikan kepadaku ayat (95 surat an-Nisa)
“tidalah sama, orang-orang mu’min yang pada duduk dirumah, dengan orang-orang
yang pada berjuang sabilillah, “tiba-tiba ibu Umu Maktum menghadapinya dengan
tidak sabar lagi terhadap saya tenteng ayat yang sedang didektikan itu,
seraya bertanya: “wahai Rasulullah, demi Allah, andaikata aku kuat berperang,
tentu aku pergi perang.......Dan seterusnya”<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">زيد بن ثابت</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</v:stroke></v:shape><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">سهل بن سعد<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">مروان بن حكم</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">إبن شهاب<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</v:stroke></v:shape><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">صالح<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</v:stroke></v:shape><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">ابراهيم<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">اسماعيل</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ibnu Sa’ad as-Saidy adalah seorang shahabat,
Marwan bin Hakam adalah seorang tabi’iy dan Zaid binTsabit adalah seorang shahabat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ahmad Muhammad
Syakir, <i>Ta’liq Ahmad Muhammad Syakir ‘ala Alfiyatis Sayuthi,</i> Beirut:
lebanon, 1997<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Drs. Fatchur Rahman,<i>ikhtishar mustalahahul hadits</i>,
PT Alma’arif, Bandung, 1985</span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Drs. Zainul
Muttaqin, <i>Uluumul Hadits, </i>Titian Ilahi Press, Yogyakarta, 1997<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hafiz Hasan
Al-Mas’udi, <i>Minhatul Mugits</i>, Maktabah Hidayah, Surabaya, 2001<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">M. Hasbi
Ashshiddiqy,<i> pokok-pokok ilmu Dirayah Hadits,</i> Bulan Bintang, Jakarta,
1997<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<br />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="ftn1">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Drs. Zainul Muttaqin, <i>Uluumul Hadits, </i>Titian
Ilahi Press, Yogyakarta, 1997, h 210<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Hafiz Hasan Al-Mas’udi, <i>Minhatul Mugits</i>,
Maktabah Hidayah, Surabaya, 2001, h 37<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Drs. Fatchur Rahman,<i>ikhtishar
mustalahahul hadits</i>, PT Alma’arif, Bandung, 1985, h 233<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">M. Hasbi Ashshiddiqy,<i> pokok-pokok ilmu
Dirayah Hadits,</i> Bulan Bintang, Jakarta, j 2, h 110<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Drs. Fatchur Rahman,<i>ikhtishar
mustalahahul hadits</i>, PT Alma’arif, Bandung, 1985, h 234</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Drs. Zainul Muttaqin, <i>Uluumul Hadits, </i>Titian
Ilahi Press, Yogyakarta, 1997, h 211<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">M. Hasbi Ashshiddiqy,<i> pokok-pokok ilmu
Dirayah Hadits,</i> Bulan Bintang, Jakarta, j 2, h 110<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn8">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Ahmad Muhammad Syakir, <i>Ta’liq Ahmad
Muhammad Syakir ‘ala Alfiyatis Sayuthi,</i> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/tugas%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Drs. Fatchur Rahman,<i>ikhtishar
mustalahahul hadits</i>, PT Alma’arif, Bandung, 1985, h 233<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-51997911156589371392012-05-24T01:44:00.004-07:002012-05-24T01:44:53.428-07:00makalah turunnya Alqur'an<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB
I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PENDAHULUAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Latar belaka</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">ng</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kami
membahas tentang peristiwa turunnya Al-Qur’an, supaya kita mengetahui secara
mendalam tentang peristiwa Al-Qur’an yang merupakan kitab suci kita sebagai
orang-orang mmuslim itu diturunkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Rumusan masalah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagaimana
Al-Qur’an itu diturunkan?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ayat
apa yang pertama kali diturunkan?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Berapa
lama turunnya al-quran?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ayat
apakah yang terakhir diturunkan?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Tujuan <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengetahui
bagaimana turunnya Al-Qur’an dan meyakinkan kita bahwa kitab suci Al-Qur’an
memang benar-benar berasal dari Allah Azza wa Jalla</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB
II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">TURUNNYA
AL-QUR’AN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PENGERTIAN TURUNNYA AL QUR’AN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Secara
majazi turunnya Al-Qur’an diartikan sebagai pemberitahuan dengan cara dan
sarana yang dikehendaki Allah SWT sehingga dapat diketahui oleh para malaikat
bi lauhil mahfudz dan oleh nabi Muhammad SAW didalam hatinya yang suci.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapun
tentang kayfiyat Al-Qur’an itu di turunkan telah terjadi penyelisihan antara
para ulama. Dalam hal ini ada tiga pendapat :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Al-Qur’an
itu diturunkan ke langit dunia pada malam al-qadr sekaligus lengkap dari awal
sampai akhir. Kemudian diturunkan berangsur-angsur sesudah itu dalam tempo 20
tahun atau 23 tahun atau 25 tahun berdasarkan pada perselisihan yang terjadi
tentang berapa lama nabi bermukim di mekkah sesudah beliau di angkat menjadi
rasul. Pendapat ini berpegang pada riwayat Ath Thabary dari Ibnu abbas beliau
berkata “diturunkan Al-Qur’an dalam lailatul qadr dalam bulan ramadhan ke
langit dunia sekaligus semuanya, kemudian dari sana (langit) diturunkan sedikit
sedikit kedunia”. Dari segi isnad riwayat tersebut kurang kuat akan tetapi
boleh di gunakan<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Al-Qur’an
itu di turunkan ke langit dunia dalam 20 kali lailatul qadr dalam 20 tahun atau
23 kali lailatul qadr dalam 23 tahun atau 25 kali lailatul qadr dalam 25 tahun.
Pada tiap-tiap malam diturunkan ke langit dunia tersebut, sekedar yang hendak
di turunkan dalam tahun itu kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW dengan cara
berangsur-angsur.s<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Al-Qur’an
itu permulaan turunnya ialah di malm al qadr, kemudian diturunkan setelah itu
dengan berangsur-angsur dalam berbagai waktu.</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><o:p></o:p><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapula
pendapat bahwa Al-Qur”an di turunkan tiga kali dalam tiga tingkat:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Di
turunkan ke lauhil mahfudz.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Di
turunkan ke baitul izzah di langit dunia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Di
turunkan berangsur-angsur kedunia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Meski
sanad nya shoheh, Dr. Subhi as Sholeh menolak pendapat di atas tersebut karena
turunnya Al-Qur’an yang demikian itu termasuk bidang yang ghaib dan juga
berlawanan dengan dzahir Al-Qur’an.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut
pendapat ulama jumhur, bahwa ”lafadz Al-Qur’an tertulis di lauhil mahfudz lalu
di pindah dan di turunkan ke bumi”, dengan demikian tidak ada lagi
lafadz-lafadz Al-Qur’an. Di lauhil mahfudz. Menurut pendapat Hasby
Ash-Shiddiqie yang di nukil bukan lafazd yang ter ma’tub, hanya di salin lalu
di turunkan. Hal ini sama dengan orang yang nenghapal isi kitab Al-Qur’an, isi
kitab tetap berada dalam kitab yang di salin dalam hapalan pun persis sebagai
mana yang tertulis dalam kitab Al-Qur’an itu. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">AYAT
YANG PERMULAAN DITURUNKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tentang
ayat-ayat yang pertama kali diturunkan kepada Nabi Muhammad SAW. Menurut
pendapat yang terkuat ialah ayat permulaan surah Al-alaq <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
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mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">,</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; 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mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¡</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">S</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">}</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">,</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ë</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">%</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">7</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">P</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">{</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ì</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">%</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">©</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">æ</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>É</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Í</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">æ</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¡</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">S</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">}</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">L</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ayat-ayat
tersebut diturunkan ketika Rasulullah SAW. Berada di gua Hira, yaitu disebuah
gua di Jabal Nur, yang terletak kira-kira 3 mil dari kota Mekah. Terjadi pada
malam hari senin, tanggal 17 Ramadhan tahun ke-41 dari usia Rasulullah 13 tahun
sebelum hijriah, bertepatan dengan bulan juli tahun 610 M. malm turunnya
Al-Qur’an itu disebut”lailatul qadr”atau “lailatul mubarakah” yaitu suatu malm
kemulian dan keberkahan hal ini termaktub didalam Al-qur’an sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
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mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">o</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">û</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Í</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bahwasanya
kami telah menurunkannya(Al-qur’an pertama kali) pada malm lailatul qadr </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(QS.
Al-Qadr ayat 1) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">o</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">û</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>7</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">p</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">6</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">.</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Í</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">É</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ì</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Sesungguhnya
kami telah menurunkannya ( AL-Qur’an pertama kali) pada lailatul mubarakah.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(QS.
Ad-Dukhan ayat 3)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 27.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Saat turunnya al-qur’an pertama kali
itu disebut Yaumul Furqan ialah karna Al-qur’an itu membawa ajaran-ajaran dan
hukum-hukum yang jelas, yang memberikan batas yang terang antara yang haq dan
yang bathil, antara yang salah dan benar, dan antara yang halal dan yang haram.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 27.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Di samping itu ada ulama berpendapat
yang mengatakan bahwa ayat-ayat al-qur’an yang pertama kali diturunkan ialah
surah al-fatihah. syekh Muhammad Abduh menguatkan pendapat ini dengan beberapa
alasan, yaitu: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan
memperhatikan surah al-fatihah itu yang seolah-olah yang mencakup segala
pokok-poko isi al-qur’an itu secara garis besarnya, sehingga apa-apa yang
tersebut dalam surah-surah berikutnya adalah merupakan keterangan perincian
bagi pokok-pokok yang telah disebutkan dalam surst Al-Fatihah itu. Dengan
demikian ia Preambule bagi Alqur’an seluruhnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Boleh
jadi karena fungsinya sebagai preambule tersebut itu maka nabi memerintahkan
supaya surah al-fatihah itu dicantumkan pada permulaan Al-Qur’an.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Memang
ada hadist yang diriwayatkan oleh Al-Baihaqy dalam kitab ”Dalailun nubuwwah”
yang menerangkan hal itu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Akan
tetapi ada pendapat lain lagi yang menyatakan bahwa ayat yang mula-mula
diturunkan surah Ad-Dhuha. Dan ada pula yang mengatakan ayat yang mula-mula
yang diturunkan surah Al-Mudatstsir. Bahkan ada pula yang mengatakan ayat-ayat
surah Al-muzammil. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">MASA TERPUTUSNYA WAHYU<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Apabila kita perhatikan dari riwayat hidup Rasulullah
berdasarkan riwayat-riwayat yang terkuat maka kita akan dapat kesimpulan bahwa
ayat yang permulaan yang diturunkan memanglah lima ayat permulaan surah Al-alaq
kemudian ketika surah Al-mudatstsir. Kemudian setelah itu wahyu mpun terputus,
beliau tidak pernah lagi menerima wahyu dalam waktu yang agak lama. Nabi amat
merasa sedih dan gelisah karna terputusnya wahyu tersebut, karna justru hal itu
terjadi pada saat beliau mulai melaksanakan tugas yang amat berat, dimana
beliau memerlukan tuntunan-tuntunan dari tuhan, apalagi untuk menghadapi
rintangan-rintangan dari pihak lawan bahkan timbul keragu-raguan dalam hati
Nabi, apakah Allah benar-benar mengangkat beliau sebagai Nabi dan Rasul-Nya.
Kalau benar, mengapa kini wahyu terputus, justru saat beliau sangat memerlukan
dan merindukannya? Kesdihan, kegelisahan dan kekecewaan itu pada suatu ketika
mencapai puncaknya,dimana beliau merasa ditinggalkan oleh Tuhanya sedemikian
rupa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Tetapi akhirnya, kesedihan,kekecewaan dan keraguan itu
berakhir juga dengan kembalinya wahyu turun kepada beliau yaitu ayat-ayat surah
Ad-duha, yang menggambarkan dengan jelas betapa hebatnya derita bathin yang
beliau tanggung dalam masa terputusnya masa-masa itu, dan betapa pula Allah
menghibur hati Nabi serta mengingatkan beliau pada masa lampaunya yang
dahulunya adalah seseorang yang melarat lalu diberikan kekayaan. Allah juga
mengajarkan kepada Nabi bagaimana harus bersikap pada anak yatim dan orang yang
meminta-minta. Dan bagaimana mensyukuri nikmat tuhan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Dengan memperhatikan suasana yang meliputi turunnya surah
ad-duha ini dapatlah di simpulkan bahwa surah tersebut adalah surah yang ketiga
diturunkan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">HIKMAH TERPUTUSNYA WAHYU<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 22.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Para
ulama menyebutkan hikmah dan terputusnya wahyu itu antara lain ialah: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Supaya lenyap sama sekali rasa takut yang dialami Nabi
keika turunnya wahyu pertama kali di Gua Hira’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 63.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Supaya timbul rasa kerinduan dalam hati Nabi untuk
kembalinya wahyu kepada beliau setelah terputusnya dalam beberapa waktu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Hal ini memang terjadi. Di samping timbulnya rasa kecewa
dan keragu-raguan beliau tentang kenabian dan kerasulannya, beliau juga mersa
rindu untuk mendapat wahyu itu kembali. Pada saat kerinduan itu begitu hebatnya maka Tuhan menurunkan wahyu
surah Ad-Duha ini. Dengan demikian tentramlah hati beliau bahwa Allah
benar-benar mengangkatnya menjadi Nabi dan Rasul-Nya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">E.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"> LAMANYA WAHYU
TERPUTUS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Terdapat bermacam-macam pendapat tentang lamanya terputus
wahyu: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ada
yang </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">mengatakan bahwa wahyu itu
terputus selama tiga tahun. Ada pula yang mengatakan dua sengah tahun. Dan ada
yang lain berkata empat puluh hari dan ada pula yang menyebutkan lima belas
hari. Bahkan ada pula yang berkata, hanya tiga hari saja. Ustadz Al-Khuduri
dalam bukunya “ <i>Nurul Yakin”</i>
mengatakan bahwa yang terkuat di antara pendapat-pendapat tersebut ialah pendapat
yang mengatakan empat puluh hari. Akan tetapi jika kita hubungkan analisa di
atas tadi, bahwa surah Ad-Duha itu turun pada waktu bi’tsah Nabi, maka dapatlah
dikatakan bahwa <i>Fatratul Wahyi </i>itu
berlangsung selama lebih dari dua tahun. Dan timbulnya perbedaan-perbedaan
pendapat yang begitu menyolok dalam menentukan masa <i>fatratul Wahyi </i>ini juga kita dapat kita pahami, terutama jika
diingat bahwa peristiwa itu terjadi masih pada permulaan islam, disana jumlah
kaum uslimin masih sedikit, dan mereka selalu dapat gangguan dari pihak-pihak
lawan, sehingga tidak pernah timbul inisiatif pada mereka, atau tidak ada
kesempatan secara kronologis dan teratur, tentang peristiwa-peristiwa penting
yang mereka hadapi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">F.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">CARA-CARA AL-QUR’AN DITURUNKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Al-Qur’an itu diturunkan secara
berangsur-angsur bukan sekaligus semuanya. Memang sudah diperoleh kenyataan
dari dari pemeriksaan yang lengkap, bahwa Al-Qur’an diturunkan menurut
keperluan: lima ayat,<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
sepuluh ayat, kadang-kadang lebih dan kadang-kadang hanya setengah ayat. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ayat-ayat yang sepuluh ayat turunnya, ialah
ayat-ayat yang mengkisahkan tentang tuduhan terhadap ’Aisyah dalam surat An-Nur<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
dan ayat-ayat yang dipermulaan surah Al-mu’minun<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
diantara yang setengah saja diturunkan, ialah firman Allah SWT :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">î</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Í</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">é</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Í</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“Yang selain dari orang yang mempunyai kemelaratan
(halangan)”.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(QS An-Nissa
:95)</span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">z</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>\</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¡</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ª</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">¾</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">&</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ò</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">©</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">c</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>©</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>í</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">æ</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ò</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">6</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">m</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ë</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ñ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"> <i>“Dan jika kamu
takut kepapaan, maka kelak Allah akanmengayakan kamu dari keutamaanNya, jika
iya kehendaki bahwasanya Allah sangat mengetahui dan sangat bijaksana”.</i>(QS
At-Taubah: 28)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kata An Nakhrawy dalam kitab Al Waqaf adalah Al Qur’an
diturunkan secara bercerai-cerai,satu ayat, dua ayat, tiga ayat, empat ayat dan
lebih banyak dari itu. Diriwayatkan oleh Baihaqy dari Khalid Ibn Dinar, ujarnya
; “Abul aliyah berkata : pelajarilah Qur’an lima ayat- lima ayat, karena Nabi
menerimanya dari Jibril, lima ayat- lima
ayat. Yakni Jibril lebih menyampaikannya
kepada Nabi sejumlah itu, sesudah Nabi menghafalnya, barulah di sampaikan yang
lain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kata setengah ‘ulama diantara ayat-ayat Al Qur’an, ada
yang diturunkan bercerai-bercerai, ada yang diturunkan secara berkumpul-kumpul.
Bagian pertama surah itu lebih banyak. Contohnya dalam surah-surah pendek, <i>Iqra’bismi
rabbika.</i> Pada permulaan diturunkan hanya sampai kepada <i>Ma lam ya’lam.
Wadldluha </i>pada permulaan diturunkan hanya sampai kepada <i>Fatardla</i>. Di
antara contoh yang diturunkanberkumpul, ya’ni sepenuh surat diturunkan
sekaligus ialah <i>surat Al-Fatihah, Al Ikhlas, Al Kautsar, Tabbat,Lam yakun,
An Nasr dan Al Mu’auwidzatani. </i>Di antara surat yang panjang yang diturunkan
sekaligus ialah<i> surah Al Mursalat.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">G.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">HIKMAH AL-QUR’AN DITURUNKAN SECARA BERANGSUR-ANGSUR<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“bila orang bertanya, apakah rahasia yang
terkandung dalam menurunkan Al-Qur’an berangsur-angsur dan mengapakah tidak
sekaligus semuanya seperti kitab-kitab Samawy yang lain ?”, maka kami menjawab
: “pertanyaan yang demikian telah dijawab Allah sendiri dalam firmanNya :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">û</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">%</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">©</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; 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font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; 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mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>\</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">H</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">d</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">o</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">º</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i>“Dan
berkatalah segala orang yang kafir: apakah gerangan sebabnya tiada diturunkan
Al-Quran sekaligus semuanya”. </i>(Q.A. 32. S. 25 : al Furqan)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mereka bermaksud, mengapa tidak diturunkan
Al-Qur’an sebagai diturunkan kitab-kitab yang lain ?</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tuhan berfirman :</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">4</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">...</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span>
</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">7</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">º</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">2</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">7</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">[</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>¾</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">8</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">“sedemikianlah (kami turunkan dia
berangsur-angsur) untuk kami kuatkan dengan dia hati engkau”.(Q.A 32. S 25 :
Al-Furqan)</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Wahyu
itu apabila diturunkan pada tiap-tiap ada kejadian,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">teguhlah
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">hati orang yang menerimanya dan mereka tidak
merasa bosan.demikian pula halnya pada hati malaikat yang membawanya akan
berulang-ulang mengunjungi nabi</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Seperti yang kita ketahui Nabi tidak dapat membaca dan menulis. Al-Qur’an
diturunkan secara berangsur-angsur agar
mampu beliau menghafalnya. Nabi-nabi yang lain pandai menulis dan
membaca. Ma</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">k</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">a dapat menghafal semuanya bila diturunkan
sekaligus.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sesuai dengan peristiwa, kejadian, dan berangsur-angsur menurunkanhukum
syariat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Untuk menghadang lawan dan melemahkannya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pendidikan bagi rasulullah SAW, agar Beliau sabar dalam menghadapi
hal-halyang menyakitkan dari orang-orang musyrikin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Meneguhkan hati orang mukminin, dan memberikan kepada mereka perisai dengan
mempunyai keteguhan bersabar dan keyakinan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sebagai dalil yang pasti, bahwa Al-qur’an benar-benar dari hadirat Allah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Perlu ditegaskan sedikit, bahwa setengah ulama
tidak membenarkan bahwa kitab-kitab yang lain dari Al Qur’an, semuanya
diturunkan sekaligus. Memang tak ada dalil yang menyatakan demikian. Maka
pendapat yang benar soal ini, semua kitab itu diturunkan bercerai-cerai sebagai
Al Qur’an juga.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">H.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">TEMPO LAMA TURUN AL-QUR’AN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Antara permulaan turun al Qur’an dengan penghabisannya,
lamanya dua puluh tahun atau dua puluh tiga tahun. Ini berdasarkan kepada
perselisihan tentang berapa lama Nabi bermukim di makkah sesudah beliau
diutus. Memang para ulama berselisihant
paham tentang lamanya Nabi bermukim di makkah sesudah beliau diutus. Pad satitu
mereka sepakat menepatkan, bahwa lama
Nabi bermukim di madinah sepuluh tahun.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Al Ustadz Al Khudlary dalam Tarikh Tasyri’ menetapkan
bahwa lama tempo Nuzulul Qur’an dari permulaannya sehingga penghabisannya, 22 tahun 2 bulan 22 hari , ya’ni dari malam
17 ramadhan tahun 41 dari Millad Nabi,
hingga 9 Dzulhijjah hari haji Akbar <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">AYAT YANG TERAKHIR TURUN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Pertama,</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">
ada yang mangatakan bahwa ayat yang terakhir turunnya ialah ayat yang mengenai
riba. Menurut hadis bukhari dan ibnu abbas katanya, ayat terakhir diturunkan
tuhan kepada muhammad SAW ialah ayat riba. Yang dimksud dengannya itu ialah
firman tuhan yang berbunyi;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">g</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; 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mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">®</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">?</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>©</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">â</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; 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font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">+</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ì</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">h</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">.</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">û</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ü</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ë</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ð</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ñ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Hai orang orang beriman, bertakwalah kamu kepada allah dan
tinggalkanlah riba, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">(QS
albaqarah:278)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kedua, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">ada pula yang
mengatakan bahwa ayat terakhir turun Allah berfirman; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">(</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">?</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">c</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">_</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">?</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>«</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>§</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">O</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">û</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">?</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">.</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span><</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">§</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">6</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¡</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">2</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">d</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">w</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">K</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ë</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ñ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Dan periharalah dirimu (azab yang terjadi pada) hari yang
pada waktu itu kamu semua dikembalikan kepada Allah. </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">(QS Al-Baqarah: 281)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Ketiga, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">ada pula yang
mengatakan ayat tentang utang-piutang, ayat itu berbunyi: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">g</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">¯</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ú</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">%</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">©</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">þ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>L</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">?</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>A</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">û</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">_</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">w</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">K</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¡</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">7</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ò</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">2</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Hai orang-orang yang beriman, apabila kamu bermuamalah,
tdak secara tunai untuk waktu yang ditentukan hendaklah kamu menuliskannya</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">. (QS Al-Baqarah 282)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Keempat,</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">ada pula yang mengatakan
ayat terakhir turu</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">n, Allah berfirman:</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">7</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">G</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¡</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">o</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>È</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">%</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ª</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">6</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">û</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">'</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Mereka meminta fatwa kepadamu (tentang kalalah)
katakanlah, Allah memberi fatwa kepadamu tentang kalalah</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">. (QS An-Nisa :176)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kelima,</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">ada pula yang
mengatakan ayat terakhir turun, firman Allah;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">2</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">%</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">`</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ñ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">^</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ß</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">i</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">6</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">¡</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><span dir="LTR"></span>. . . . . <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Sesungguhnya telah datang kepadamu seorang rasul dari golongan kamu sendiri, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">(QS At-Taubah: 128-129)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Keenam, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">ada pula yang
mengatakan surah al-maidah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Ketujuh, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">ada pula yang mengatakan,
firman Allah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">f</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ß</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">g</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ß</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">g</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">o</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">T</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>I</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">w</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ß</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ì</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">é</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">H</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">å</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">i</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">i</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">\</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">é</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ò</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">i</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span><</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>(</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Maka Tuhan mereka memperkenankan permohonannya
(dengan berfirman): "Sesungguhnya aku tidak menyia-nyiakan amal
orang-orang yang beramal di antara kamu, baik laki-laki atau perempuan,
(karena) sebagian kamu adalah turunan dari sebagian yang lain</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. (QS Ali-imran: 195)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kedelapan, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">ada pula yang
mengatakan, firman Allah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">@</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">F</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">)</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">d</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">G</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>¼</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">f</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Þ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">g</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">_</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">V</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB3; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB3;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">z</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">p</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">k</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ò</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ª</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>¼</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>£</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>¼</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">¹</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">/</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">V</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ã</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ò</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ì</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">dan Barangsiapa yang membunuh seorang mukmin
dengan sengaja Maka balasannya ialah Jahannam, kekal ia di dalamnya dan Allah
murka kepadanya, dan mengutukinya serta menyediakan azab yang besar baginya.</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(QS An-Nisa: 93)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Sembilan, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">hadits ibnu
abbas RA mengatakan bahwa ayat yang
terakhir diturunkan:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">)</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">_</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Á</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>«</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ß</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">G</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Apabila datang pertolongan Allah dan kemenangan</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">. (QS An-Nasr: 1)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kesepuluh, ada pula yang mengatakan, firman Allah:<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">P</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ù</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">o</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">o</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">C</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">r</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">&</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">æ</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">É</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">L</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">÷</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">è</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Å</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">r</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">3</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>z</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">N</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">»</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">n</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">=</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ó</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">M</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">}</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"><span dir="LTR"></span>$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>4</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">`</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">J</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>§</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ä</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ü</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ô</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Ê</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">û</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">p</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">|</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">Á</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">K</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">C</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>u</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">î</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>7</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">#</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">R</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">y</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">f</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">t</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">G</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ã</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">B</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>5</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">ø</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">\</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">}</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>¨</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">b</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Î</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">*</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">s</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ù</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;"><span dir="LTR"></span>©</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">!</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">$</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">#</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ö</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">q</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">à</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">ÿ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB5; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB5;">x</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">î</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ò</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">O</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">Ï</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;">m</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB4; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB4;">§</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB1; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB1;"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;"><span dir="LTR"></span>Ç</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">Ì</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: HQPB2; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: HQPB2;">È</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">pada hari ini telah Kusempurnakan untuk kamu
agamamu, dan telah Ku-cukupkan kepadamu nikmat-Ku, dan telah Ku-ridhai Islam
itu Jadi agama bagimu. </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Maka barang siapa
terpaksa</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">karena kelaparan tanpa sengaja
berbuat dosa, Sesungguhnya Allah Maha Pengampun lagi Maha Penyayang</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">(QS Al-Maidah: 3)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">menurut</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"> ijtihad para ulama ayat yang kesepuluh lah yang paling
banyak kesepakatan karna ayat ini turun
diarafah pada tahun haji wada’. Pada akhirnnya menunjukan kesempatan
segala yang fardu dan hukum-hukum, dan menunjukan kesempurnaan agama. Allah
telah mencukupkan nikmatnya dari negri haram mkengalahkan orang musyrik. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Kata Qadhi Abu Bakar Al-barkani dam kitabnya Al-Intisar,
mengatakan mengenai perbedaan riwayat ayat terakhir turun diatas tidak ada satu
juapun yang bersumber dari Nabi SAW. Oleh karena itu orang boleh melakukan
ijtihat dan membuang hal-hal yang masih diragukan. Barang kali tiap-tiap orang
memberitakan tentang apa yang didengarnya dari nabi pda hari wafatnya,atau
beberapa hari sebelum wafat.selain itu ada pula orang yang mengatakan katanya
dia pernah mendengar dari Nabi, padahal ia tidak pernah mendengarkannya sama
sekali. Dan barangkali ada pula yang mengatakan ayat inilah yang terakhir
dibaca Nabi SAW. Disamping ayat-ayat yang lain turun. Nabi memerintahkan untuk
menuliskan ayat-ayat yang terakhir dibacakannya itu</span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">BAB III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">SIMPULAN</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Al-Qur’an diturunkan secara berangsur-angsur berupa
beberapa ayat dari sebuah surah atau surat </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">yang pendek secara
lengkap. Dan penyampaian Al-Qur’an secara keseluruhan memakan waktu kurang
lebih 23 tahun yakni 13 tahun waktu nabi masih tinggal di mekkah, 10 tahun
waktu nabi sesudah dimadinah. Alqur’an mulai diturunkan kepada nabi Muhammad
pada malam Lailatul-Qadar tanggal 17 Ramadhan pada waktu Nabi telah berusia 41 tahun
bertepatan pada tanggal 6 agustus 610 Masehi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Wahyu
yang pertama-tama kali diterima Nabi ialah ayat 1 smpai dengan 5 surat Al-Alaq,
pada waktu Nabi sedang berada di gua Hira. Sedang, wahyu terakhir yan</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">s</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">g diterima Nabi adalah surat Al-Maidah
ayat 3 pada tanggal 9 Dzul hijjah tahun ke 10 Hijriah atau 7 Maret 632 Masehi.
Antara wahyu pertama dan wahyu terakhir diterima Nabi berselang kurang lebih 23
tahun</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Drs. Muhammad Chirzin, M. Ag,<i> Al-Qur’an dan Ulumul
Qur’an,</i> Dana Bakti Primayasa, Yogyakarta: 1998<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">M. Hasbi Ashshiddieqy, <i>Sejarah dan Pengantar Ilmu
alqur’an dan Tafsir,</i> PT Bulan Bintang, Jakarta: 1992<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Drs. H. Ahad Syadali, M.A, Drs. H. Ahmad Rofi’i,<i>
Ulumul Qur’an 1,</i> CV Pustaka setia abadi, Bandung: 1997<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN;">Drs. H. Kahar Masyur, <i>Pokok-pokok Ulumul Qur’an,</i>Rineka
Cipta, Jakarta: 1992<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Subhi
Ash-Shalih, <i>Membahas ilmu-ilmu Al-quran, terjemah Nur Rakhim,</i> Pustaka
Firdaus</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Jakarta:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> 1993<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mana’ul Quthan, <i>Pembahasan ilmu Al-Qur’an,</i>
PT Rineka cipta, Jakarta: 1993</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div>
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<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<!--[endif]-->
<div id="ftn1">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> M.
Hasbi ashshiddieqi, <i>sejarah dan pengantar ilmu alqur’an,</i>(Jakarta, Bulan
Bintang, 1993) h. 50-51</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Subhi Ash-Shalih, <i>Membahas ilmu-ilmu Al-quran, terjemah Nur Rakhim, </i>(Jakarta,
Pustaka Firdaus, 1993), h. 55-56</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Ada ulama yang mengatakan bahwa ayat-ayat <span lang="IN"> Al-Qur’an yang diturunkan terus
menerus 5 ayat 5 ayat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <span lang="IN">Ayat 1 – 21 dalam ayat-ayat itu allah
membersihkan aisyah pada kisah ifki<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/MAKALAH%20ULUMUL%20QUR'AN.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <span lang="IN">Ayat 1 - 11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-79237446280120788502012-05-24T01:33:00.003-07:002012-05-24T01:33:52.915-07:00makalah Nahwu (Mubtada dan Khabar)<br />
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<span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span dir="RTL"></span> المحاضرة للدراسة وظيفة النفسى<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin;"> الأستاذة مارياني </span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span dir="RTL"></span> النحو<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: #632423; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 28.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">المبتدأ والخبر</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 25.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">جمع وإعداد : فرقة الأول<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">محمد زاهدي الصمداني : 1101230568</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">رحم الله</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> :1101230572<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">شريفة :1101230529<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">ورسني تيار راضياني :
1101230536<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">رافعة النجاح قمرية :
1101230522<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">الجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية انتساري لكلية التربية
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">شعبة تدريس اللغة العربية<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">بنجرماسين<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">الفهرس<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">الباب الأول <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">المقدمة..............................................................................................</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span dir="LTR"></span>1</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">الباب الثاني<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">البحث من المبتدأ و الخبر.........................................................</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أ.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">التعريف.............................................................................................</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span>2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">ب.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أحكام المبتدأ.........................................................................................</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span>3</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">ث. أَحكامُ خبر المبتدأ..................................................................................</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span>5</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">ج. أَقسامُ خبرُ المبتدأ...................................................................................</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span>7</span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="RTL"></span>..</span></b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الباب الثالث</span></b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الخاتمة............................................................................................................</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span>9</span><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="RTL"></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">المراجع............................................................................................................</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span>10</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الباب
الأول</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">المقدمة</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الحمد
لله الذي أنار قلوب عبادة المتقين</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> بنور كتابه المبين, وجعل القرآن شفاء في الصدور و هدي
ورحمة للمؤمنينو والصلاة والسلام علي خاتم الأنبياء وأشرف المرسلين سيدنا محمد
النبي العربي الأمينالذي فتح الله به أعيناعميا, وآذانا صما, وقلوبا غلفا, و أخرج
به الناس من الظلمات إلي النور, صلاة وسلاما دائمين إلي يوم القيامة. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">و قبل أن نبدأ هذه المقالة بموضوع</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> المبتدأ والخبر</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">,</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> أرجو منكم جميعا العفو إذا توجدوا الخطاء إما من الأسلوب
اللغوي أو الكتابة من هذه المسألة. شكرا..</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الباب
الثاني<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">البحث</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">المبتدأ والخبر</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">المبتدأ والخبرُ اسمانِ تتألفُ منهما
جملةٌ مفيدةٌ، نحو "الحق منصورٌ.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">ويَتميّزُ المبتدأ عن
الخبر بأنَّ المبتدأ مُخبَرٌ عنه، والخبرَ مُخبَرٌ به.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">التعريف</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">فالمبتدأ في</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">جامع الدروس العربية هو
المسنَدُ اليه، الذي لم يسبقهُ عاملٌ.</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">والخبرُ ما أُسنِدَ الى
المبتدأ، وهو الذي تتمُّ به مع المبتدأ فائدة. والجملةُ المؤلفةُ من المبتدأ
والخبر تُدعى جملةً اسميَّة.</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">وفى الكتاب القواعد الأساسيه اللغة
العربيه : المبتداء هو الإسم الصريح,او المؤول به,المحرد من العوامل اللفظية.
والخبر هو الجزء المنتظم منه مع المبتداء جملة مفيدة.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">وفى الكتاب المخلص قواعد الغة اللعربية:
المبتداء هو إسم مرفوع يقع فى أول الجملة. والخبر هومايكمل معنى المبتداء (اي
هوالخبر الذىى ينتظم منه مع المبتداء.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">وفي الكتاب
النحو الواضح: المبتدأ خو إسم مرفوع فى اول الجملة, والخبر هو إسم يكوِّن مع
المبتدأ جملة مفيدة<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">وفى الكتاب
معجم قواعد اللغة العربية : المبتدأ (المسند إليه) إسم مرفوع, فى الأصل معرفة,
مجرّد عن العوامل. والخبر (مسند) إسم مرفوع فى الأصل نكرة, يتمم المعنى المبتدأ.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">ونحن إتفقنا ان
المبتدأ هو إسم مرفوع فى اول الجملة, والخبر هو إسم مرفوع يكوّن مع المبتدإ جملة
مفيدة.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الأمثلة في الإعراب</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> :</span></b></div>
<a name='more'></a><b><o:p></o:p></b><br />
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</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">اَلْمُوَظَّفُوْنَ
مَشْغُوْلُوْنَ</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الموظفون مبتدأ مرفوع بالواو لأنة جمع مذكر سالم<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">مشغولون خبر مبتدأ مرفوع بالواو لأنه جمع مذكر سالم<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">اَلرِّجَالُ نَائِمُوْنَ</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الرجال مبتداء مرفوع عبالضمة<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">نائمون خبر المبتداء مرفوع بالواو لأنه جمع مذكر سالم<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أحكام المبتدأ</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">للمبتدأ خمسةُ أحكامٍ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الأول وجوبُ رفعهِ. وقد
يجرُّ بالباءِ أو من الزائدتين، أو بربِّ، التي هي حرفُ جر شبيهٌ بالزائد. فالأول
نحو "بِحَسبِك الله". والثاني نحو {هل من خالقٍ غيرُ الله يَرزقكم؟!}.
والثالث نحو "يا رُبَّ كاسيةٍ في الدنيا عاريةٌ يومَ القيامة". </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الثاني وجوب كونه معرفةً
نحو "محمدٌ رسولُ اللهِ" أو نكرةً مُفيدةً، نحو "مجلسُ علمٍ
يُنتفعُ بهِ خيرٌ من عبادة سبعينَ سنة".وتكون النكرة مفيدة بأحدِ هذه شروط:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(1) بالإضافة لفظاً نحو
خمسُ صَلواتٍ كتَبهنَّ اللهُ.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(2) بالوصف لفظاً، نحو
{لَعبدٌ مؤمنٌ خيرٌ من مُشرك)</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">(3) بأن
يكونَ خبرُها ظرفاً أو جارّاً ومجروراً مُقدَّماً عليها، نحو {وفوقَ كل ذي علمٍ
عليمٌ، ولكل أجلٍ كتاب".<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(4) بأن تقعَ بعد نفيٍ
أو استفهام. فالأول نحو "ما أحدٌ عندنا"، والثاني نحو أإلهٌ مع
الله؟"<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(5) بأن تكونَ عاملةً،
نحو "أمرٌ بمعروفٍ صدقةٌ، ونهيٌ عن مُنكر صَدَقةٌ". <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(6) بأن تكونَ مُبهَمةً،
كأسماء الشرط والاستفهام و "ما" التعجبيَّة وكم الخبريَّة. فالاول نحو
"من يجتهدْ يُفلِحْ"، والثاني نحو "من مجتهد؟ وكم علماً في
صدرك؟"، والثالث نحو "ما أحسنَ العلمَ!"، والرابعُ نحو "كم
مأثرةٍ لك!".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(7) بأن تكون مفيدةً
للدُّعاءِ بخيرٍ أو شرٍّ، فالاولُ نحو "سلامٌ عليكم". والثاني نحو
{وَيْلٌ لِلمطفّفين}.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(8) بأن تكون خَلقاً عن
موصوف، نحو "عالمٌ خيرٌ من جاهل"، أي رجلٌ عالمٌ. </span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span> <span lang="AR-SA">(9) بأن
تُعطف على معرفة، أو يُعطفَ عليها معرفة. فالأولُ نحو "خالدٌ ورجلٌ يتعلمان
النحو"، والثاني نحو "رجلٌ وخالدٌ يتعلمانِ البيانَ".<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(10) بأن تُعطَفَ على
نكرة موصوفة، أو يُعطَف عليها نكرةٌ موصوفة فالاول نحو "قولٌ معروفٌ ومغفرة
خيرٌ من صدقة يَتبعُها أذىً، والثاني نحو "طاعةٌ وقولٌ معروف".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(11) بأن يرَاد بها
حقيقةُ الجنسِ لا فردٌ واحدٌ منه، نحو "ثمرةٌ خيرٌ من جَرادة" و
"رجلٌ أقوى من امرأة".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(12) بأن تَقع جواباً،
نحو "رجلٌ" في جواب من قال "مَنْ عندك؟".</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الثالث جواز حذفه إن دلَّ عليه دليلٌ، تقول
"كيف سعيدٌ؟"، فيقال في الجواب "مجتهدٌ" أي هو مجتهدٌ، ومنه
قوله تعالى {من عَملَ صالحاً فلِنفسه، ومن أساءَ فعلَيها} وقوله {سُورةٌ
أنزلناها}.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">(والتقدير في الآية الأولى "فعمله لنفسه،
وإساءته عليها"، فيكون المبتدأ، وهو العمل والإساءة، محذوفاً. والجار متعلق
بخبره المحذوف. والتقدير في الآية الثانية "هذه سورة").<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الرابعُ وجوبُ حذفهِ وذلك في أربعةِ مواضعَ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">(1) إن دلَّ عليه جوابُ القسم، نحو "في
ذِمَّتي لأفعلنَّ كذا"، أي في ذِمَّتي عَهدٌ أو ميثاقٌ.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">(2) إن كان خبرُه مصدراً نائباً عن فعلهِ نحو
"صبرٌ جميلٌ" و "سمعٌ وطاعةٌ"، أي صَبري صبرٌ جميلٌ، وأمري
سمعٌ وطاعةٌ.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">(3) إن كان الخبرُ مخصوصاً بالمدح أو الذمِّ
بعد "نِعْمَ وبِئسَ". مؤخراً عنهما، نحو نشعمَ الرجلُ أبو طالبٍ، وبِئسَ
الرجلُ أبو لَهبٍ، فأبو، في المثالينِ، خبرٌ لمبتدأ محذوفٍ تقديرُهُ
"هوَ".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">(4) إن كان في الاصل نَعتاً قُطعَ عن
النَّعتيّة في مَعرِض مدحٍ أو ذم أو ترحُّمٍ، نحو "خُذُ بيدِ زهيرٍ
الكريمُ" و "دَعْ مجالسةَ فلانٍ اللئيمُ" و "احسِنْ الى فلانٍ
المسكينُ".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">(فالمبتدأ محذوف في هذه الأمثلة وجوباً.
والتقدير هو الكريم، وهو اللئيم، وهو المسكين ويجوز أن تقطعه عن الوصفية النصب على
أنه مفعول به لفعل محذوف تقديره في الول أمدح، وفي الثاني أذم، وفي الثالث أرحم).<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الخامس إن الاصلَ فيه أن يتقدَّمَ على الخبر
وقد يجبُ تقديمُ الخبرِ عليه.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أَقسامُ المبتدأ</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">المبتدأ ثلاثةُ أقسامٍ <u>صريحٌ</u>،
نحو "الكريمُ محبوبٌ"، <u>وضميرٌ منفصلٌ</u>، نحو "أنتَ
مجتهد"، <u>ومؤوّلٌ</u>، نحو "وأن تَصوموا خيرٌ لكمْ"</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أَحكامُ خبر المبتدأ</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">لخبرِ المبتدأ سبعةُ
أحكام<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- الأول وجوبُ رفعهِ.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- الثاني أنَّ الاصل فيه
أن يكون نكرة مشتقةً. وقد يكون جامداً. نحو "هذا حجرٌ".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- الثالث وجوبُ مطابقته
للمبتدأ إفراداً وتثنيةً وجمعاً وتذكيراً وتأنيثاً.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- الرابع جواز حذفهِ إن
دلَّ عليه دليلٌ، نحو "خرجتُ فاذا الأسدُ"، أي فاذا الأسدُ حاضرٌ، وتقول
"مَن مجتهدٌ؟" فيقالُ في الجواب "زُهيرٌ" أي "زهيرٌ
مجتهدٌ"</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- الخامس وجوبُ حذفهِ في
أربعةِ مواضعَ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(1) أن يدلَّ على صفةٍ
مُطلقةٍ، أي دالةٍ على وجودٍ عامّ. وذلك في مسألتين، الاولى أن يتعلَّق بها ظرفٌ
أو جارٌّ ومجرور، نحو "الجنة تحتَ أقدامِ الأمَّهاتِ" و "العلمُ في
الصّدورِ". والثانية أن تقعَ بعد لولا أو لوما، نحو "لولا الدِّينُ
لهَلَكَ النَّاسُ"، و "لوما الكتابةُ لضاعَ أكثرُ العلمِ". (فان
كان صفة مفيدة (أي دالة على وجود خاص كالمشي والقعود والركوب والأكل والشرب
ونحوها) وجب ذكره إن لم يدل عليه دليل، نحو "لولا العدو سالمنا ما سلم"
ونحو "خالد يكتب في داره، والعصفور مفرد فوق الغصن". ومنه حديث
"لولا قومك حديثو عهد بكفر لبنيت الكعبة على قواعد ابراهيم". فان دل
عليه دليل جاز حذفه وذكره، نحو "لولا أنصاره لهلك". أو "لولا
أنصاره حموه لهلك"، ونحو "علي على فرسه" أو "علي راكب على فرسه".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(2) أن يكونَ خبراً
لمبتدأ صريحٍ في القَسم، نحو "لَعمرُك لأفعَلَنَّ"، ونحو "أيُمنُ
الله لاجتهدَنَّ"، قال الشاعر *لعَمْرُكَ ما الإِنسانُ إِلاَّ ابنُ يَوْمِه *
على ما تَجلّى يَوْمُهُ لا بانُ أَمسه* *وما الفَخْرُ بالعَظمِ الرَّميم، وإِنَّما
* فَخارُ الذي يَبغِي الفَخارَ بِنَفْسهِ* (فان كان المبتدأ غير صريح في القسم
(بمعنى أنه يستعمل للقسم وغيره) جاز حذف خبره وإثباته. تقول "عهد الله لأقولن
الحق، وعهد الله علي لأقولن الحق").<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(3) أن يكونَ المتبدأُ
مصدراً، أو اسم تَفضيلٍ مضافاً الى مصدرٍ، وبعدهما حالٌ لا تصلُحُ أن تكون خبراً،
وإنما تَصلُحُ أن تَسدَّ مَسَدَّ الخبرِ في الدلالةِ عليه. فالاوُ نحو
"تأديبي الغلامَ مُسيئاً". والثاني نحو "أفضلُ صَلاتِكَ خالياً مما
يَشْغَلُكَ". ولا فرقَ بين أن يكونَ اسمُ التفضيل مضافاً الى مصدرٍ صريحٍ،
كما مُثّلَ، أَو مُؤوَّلٍ، نحو "أحسنُ ما تعملُ الخيرَ مُستتراً" وكذا
لا فرقَ بين أن تكونَ الحالُ مُفردةً، كما ذُكر، أو جملةً كحديث "أقرب ما
يكون العبدُ من ربّه وهو ساجدٌ". وقولِ الشاعر وقد اجتمعت فيه الحالان
(المفردة والمركبة). خيرُ اقتِرابي من الموْلى حليفَ رِضاً * وشَرُّ بُعْدِيَ
عنْهُ وهو غَضبانُ* (فالحال في الأمثلة المتقدمة دالة على الخبر المحذوف (وهو
حاصل) سادة مسدة. لكنها غير صالحة للاخبار بها مباشرة لمبايتنها للمبتدأ، إذ لا
معنى لقولك (تأديبي الغلام مسيء، وافضل صلاتك خال مما يشغلك)، وهلم جرا). فان صحَّ
الإخبارُ بالحال، وجبَ رفعُها لعدم مُباينتها حينئذٍ للمبتدأ، نحو "تأديبي
الغلامَ شديدٌ" وشذَّ قولهم "حُكمُكَ مُسَمَّطاً"، أي مَثبَتاً
نافذاً، إذْ يصحُّ أن تقولَ "حُكمُكَ مُسمَّطٌ".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(4) أن يكونَ بعد واوٍ
مُتعيّنٍ أن تكون بمعنى "معَ"، نحو "كلُّ امرِيءٍ وما
فَعَلَ"، أي معَ فعلهِ. فان لم يتعيَّنْ كونُها بمعنى "مَعَ" جاز
إثباتُهُ، كقولِ الشاعر *تَمنَّوا لِيَ الْمَوتَ الذي يَشْعَبُ الفَتى * وكلُّ
امرِىءٍ والْمَوتَ يلتقِيانِ*<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- السادسُ جواز
تَعَدُّدِهِ، والمبتدأُ واحد نحو "خليلٌ كاتبٌ، شاعرٌ، خطيب".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">- السابع أنَّ الاصل فيه
أن يَتأخرَ عن المبتدأ. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أَقسامُ خبرُ المبتدأ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">(1</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">) </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الخبر المفرد<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> الخبر
المفرد-إذا كان مشتقا جاريا مجرى الفعل وجب أن يكون مشتملا على ضمير مستتر عائد
إلى المبتدأ, نحو: العلم نافع, أي نافع هو إلا إن رفع المشتق اسما ظاهرا, نحو:
سَعد طيب عنصره.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> ومتى
تضمن الخبر ضمير المبتدأ لزمت مطابقته له إفرادا و تثنية, وخمعا, وتذكيرا و
تأنيثا, نحو: سعد مؤدب, والمهذبون محبوبون, والمتربيات محترمات.</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span>(2</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="color: red; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">) الخبرُ الجملة</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الخبرُ الجملةُ ما كان
جملةً فعليّة، أو جملةً اسميّةً، فالاول نحو "الخُلُقُ الحسَنُ يُعلي قدرَ
صاحبهِ"، والثاني نحو "العاملُ خُلقُهُ حسنٌ".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">ويُشترطُ في الجملة
الواقعة خبراً أن تكونَ مُشتملةً على رابطٍ يربطُها بالمبتدأ.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">والرابطُ إما الضميرُ
بازراً، نحو "الظُّلمُ مَرتعه وخيمٌ"، أو مستتراً يعودُ الى المبتدأ،
نحو "الحقُّ يعلو". أو مُقدَّراً، نحو "الفِضةُ، الدرْهم
بقرشٍ"، أي الدرهم منها. وإما إشارةٌ الى المبتدأ، نحو {ولِباس التقوى ذلك
خيرٌ}، وإما إِعادةُ المبتدأ بلفظهِ، نحو {الحاقَّةُ، ما الحاقةُ؟}، أو بلفظٍ
أعمَّ منه، نحو "سعيد نِعمَ الرجلُ". (فالرجل يعم سعيداً وغيره، فسعيد
داخل في عموم الرجلن والعموم مستفاد من (ال) الدالة على الجنس). وقد تكون الجملةُ
الواقعةُ خبراً نفسَ المبتدأ في المعنى، فلا نحتاج الى رابطٍ، لانها ليست أجنبيةً
عنه فتحتاجَ الى ما يربطها به، نحو {قُلْ هُوَ اللهُ أحدٌ}، ونحو "نُطقي
اللهُ حسبي".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">(فهو ضمير الشأن.
والجملة بعده هي عينه، كما تقول (هو علي مجتهد) وكذلك قولك (نطقي الله حسبي)
فالمنطوق به، (وهو الله حسبي) هو عين المبتدأ. وهو (نطقي) واما فيما سبق فانما
احتيج الى الربط لأن الخبر اجنبي عن المبتدأ، فلا بد له من رابط يربطه به).قد يقعُ
ظرفاً أو جارّاً ومجروراً. فالأولُ نحو "المجدُ تحتَ عَلمِ العلمِ"، والثاني نحو "العلم في الصدور
لا في السطور". (والخبر في الحقيقة إنما هو متعلق الظرف وحرف الجر. ولك أن
تقدر هذا المتعلق فعلاً كاستقر وكان، فيكون من قبيل الخبر الجملة، واسم فاعل،
فيكون من باب الخبر المفرد، وهو الأولى، لأن الأصل في الخبر أن يكون مفرداً). ويُخبرُ
بظروف المكان عن أسماء المعاني وعن أسماء الأعيان. فالاول نحو "الخيرُ
أمامك". والثاني نحو "الجنةُ تحتَ أقدامِ الأمهاتِ".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">وأما ظروف الزمانِ فلا
يُخبَّرُ بها إِلا عن أسماء المعاني، نحو "السفرُ غداً، والوصولُ بعد
غدٍ". إلا إذا حصلتِ الفائدةُ بالإخبار بها عن أسماء الاعيان فيجوزُ، نحو
"الليلةَ الهلاُ"، و "نحن في شهر كذا" و "الوردُ في
آيار". ومنه "اليومَ خمرٌ، وغداً أمرٌ".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الخبر شبه الجملة<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">الخبر شبه الجملة : هو المتعلق
المحذوف لكل من الظرف, والجار والمجرور, نحو : الجنة تحت اقدام الأمهات, ونحن
:القوة في الاتجاد<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">فإذا قدر المتعلق المحذوف وصفا, كان
الخبر من قبيل ( المفرد)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">وإذا قدر المتعلق المذوف فعلا, كان
الخبر من قبيل ( الجملة )<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">نحن : الحمدلله (أي الحمد واجب, أو :
يجبب لله تبارك وتعالى )<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">واعلم أن هذا المتعلق إذا دل على
وجود مطلق (كيكون وكاءن) وما شاكلهما وجب حذفه لفقدان الفاءدة من ذكرة<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أما إذا دل عللى وجود مقيد بصفة,
وججب ذكرة, نحن : الورقاء مغردة الشجرة, مالم يدل عليه دليل, نحن : الفارس فوق
الجواد أي راكب, فيحذف.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الباب الثالث<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الخلاصة<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">ويَتميّزُ المبتدأ عن
الخبر بأنَّ المبتدأ مُخبَرٌ عنه، والخبرَ مُخبَرٌ به.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">المبتدأ ثلاثةُ أقسامٍ <u>صريحٌ</u>،
نحو "الكريمُ محبوبٌ"، <u>وضميرٌ منفصلٌ</u>، نحو "أنتَ
مجتهد"، <u>ومؤوّلٌ</u>، نحو "وأن تَصوموا خيرٌ لكمْ"</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">خبرُ المبتدأ قسمانِ
مُفردٌ وجملةٌ. نحو "المتجهد محمودٌ, "العاملُ خُلقُهُ حسنٌ".</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أحكام المبتدأ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"> للمبتدأ خمسةُ أحكامٍ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الأول وجوبُ رفعهِ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الثاني وجوب كونه معرفةً
</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الثالث جواز حذفه إن دلَّ عليه دليلٌ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الرابعُ وجوبُ حذفهِ <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الخامس إن الاصلَ فيه أن يتقدَّمَ على الخبر
وقد يجبُ تقديمُ الخبرِ عليه<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أَحكامُ خبر المبتدأ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">لخبرِ المبتدأ سبعةُ أحكام<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الأول وجوبُ رفعهِ.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الثاني أنَّ الاصل فيه أن يكون نكرة مشتقةً.
وقد يكون جامداً. نحو "هذا حجرٌ".<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الثالث وجوبُ مطابقته للمبتدأ إفراداً وتثنيةً
وجمعاً وتذكيراً وتأنيثاً.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الرابع جواز حذفهِ إن دلَّ عليه دليلٌ<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">الخامس وجوبُ حذفهِ <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">السادسُ جواز تَعَدُّدِهِ، والمبتدأُ واحد نحو <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;">السابع أنَّ الاصل فيه أن يَتأخرَ عن المبتدأ</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">المراجع<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">الشيخ العلامة مصطفى
الغلاييني</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>,</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span> جامع الدروس العربية</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"></span>,</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">شبكة مشكاة الإسلامية</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">القواعد الأساسية اللغة الغربيه,
السيد أحمد الهاشمى,دار الكتاب العلمية, بيروت,2009, لبنان, الطبعة الرابعة<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">مخلص قواعد اللغة العربية, فؤاد نعمة<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">النحو الواضح فى قواعد اللغه
العربية, الجزء الأول, علي جارم و مصطفى أمين, دار المعارف- لبنانز<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">جامع الدروس العربية, الشيخ مصطفى
غلايين<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">حسبالله, سلامات-عارف الرحمن حكيم,
اللغة العربية ب,مركز اللغات بجامعة أنتساري الإسلامية الحكومية بنجرماسين, 2011<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></b></span></a><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic';">الشيخ العلامة مصطفى الغلاييني</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic';"><span dir="LTR"></span>,</span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic';"><span dir="RTL"></span> جامع الدروس العربية</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic';"><span dir="LTR"></span>,</span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic';">شبكة مشكاة الإسلامية</span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="color: navy; font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></b></span></a><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">القواعد
الأساسية اللغة الغربيه, السيد أحمد الهاشمى,دار الكتاب العلمية, بيروت,2009,
لبنان, الطبعة الرابعة<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></b></span></a><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">مخلص
قواعد اللغة العربية, فؤاد نعمة<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></b></span></a><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> </span></b><span dir="RTL"></span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><span dir="RTL"></span> النحو الواضح فى قواعد اللغه العربية, الجزء
الأول, علي جارم و مصطفى أمين, دار المعارف- لبنانز<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></b></span></a><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">جامع
الدروس العربية, الشيخ مصطفى غلايين<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/MAKALAH%20NAHWU/makalah%20nahu%20mubtada%20asli.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></b></span></a><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";"> </span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic"; font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">حسبالله,
سلامات-عارف الرحمن حكيم, اللغة العربية ب,مركز اللغات بجامعة أنتساري الإسلامية
الحكومية بنجرماسين, 2011<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-36923266981136076512012-05-24T01:26:00.001-07:002012-05-24T01:26:27.348-07:00makalah fiqh tentang taharah<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">PENDAHULUAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 71.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Latar
Belakang<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah
merupakan miftah (alat pembuka) pintu untuk memasuki ibadah shalat. Tanpa
thaharah pintu tersebut tidak akan terbuka. artinya tanpa thaharah, ibadah
shalat, baik yang fardhu maupun yang sunnah, tidak sah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Karena
fungsinya sebagai alat pembuka pintu shalat, maka setiap muslim yang akan
melakukan shalat tidak saja harus mengerti thaharah melainkan juga harus
mengetahui dan terampil melaksanakannya sehingga thaharahnya itu sendiri
terhitung sah menurut ajaran ibadah syar’iah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Rumusan
Masalah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Apa
pengertian thaharah ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Bagaimana
bunyi daill-dalil mengenai thaharah?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tujuan
thaharah ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Pembagian
thaharah?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Alat-alat
yang digunakan untuk berthaharah?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 67.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Klafikasi
air dan penggunaanya dalam bersuci ?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 40.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Tujuan
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Untuk
memenuhi tugas mata kuliah Kependidikan Islam<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Menambah
wawasan penulis dan pembacanya mengenai thaharah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Untuk
memahami cara-cara bersuci yang dikehendaki oleh syari’at islam dan
mempraktekkannya dalam menjalani ibadah sehari-hari.</span><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">PENGERTIAN THAHARAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Thaharah menurut
bahasa artinya “bersih” Sedangkan menurut istilah syara’ thaharah adalah bersih
dari hadas dan najis. Selain itu
thaharah dapat juga diartikan mengerjakan pekerjaan yang membolehkan shalat,
berupa wudhu, mandi, tayamum dan menghilangkan najis.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 158.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Atau thaharah
juga dapat diartikan melaksanakan pekerjaan dimana tidak sah melaksanakan
shalat kecuali dengannya yaitu menghilangkan atau mensucikan diri dari hadas
dan najis dengan air.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bersuci dari
najis berlaku pada badan, pakaian dan tempat. Cara menghilangkannya harus dicuci dengan airsuci dan mensucikan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">DALIL-DALIL
THAHARAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Dalil-dalil
tentang thaharah, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: right;">
<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";">ان الله يحب التوابين ويحب المتطهرين . (البقرة : 122)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Artinya
: sesungguhnya Allah menyukai orang-orang yang bertaubat dan menyukai
orang-orang yang bersuci. (Al-Baqarah : 122).</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";">عن ابي سعيد الخدرى "الطهور شطْرُ
الإيْمَان" (رواه المسلم)</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Artinya:
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kebersihan itu sebagian dari iman</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 18.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "\(normal text\)"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "\(normal text\)";">عن مُصْعَب بن
سَعْدٍ, قال: دخل عبد الله بن عمر على ابن سعوده وهو مريض فقال: الا تدعو الله لي,
يا ابن عمر؟ قال: إنّي سمعتُ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلّم, يقول: لا تقبل الصلاة
بغير طهورٍ, ولا صدقة منْ غلولٍ وكنت على البصرة</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "(normal text)","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 9.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Artinya: dari mus”ab bin sa,id berkata: Abdullah bin umar pernah
menjenguk ibnu amir yang sedang sakit. Ibnu amir berkata: “Apakah kamu tidak
mau mendo’akan aku, hai ibnu umar?”. Ibnu umar berkata: “saya pernah mendengar
Rasulullah SAW. Bersabda: “Shalat yang tanpa bersuci tidak diterima begitu pula
sedekah dari hasil korupsi”. Sedang kamu adalah penguasa bashrah”.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">TUJUAN THAHARAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Ada beberapa
hal yang menjadi tujuan disyariatkannya thaharah, diantaranya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Guna menyucikan diri dari kotoran berupa hadats
dan najis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Sebagai syarat sahnya shalat dan ibadah seorang
hamba.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Nabi Saw bersabda:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> “Allah tidak
menerima shalat seorang diantara kalian jika ia berhadas, sampai ia
wudhu”, karena termasuk yang disukari Allah, bahwasanya Allah SWT memuji
orang-orang yang bersuci : firman-Nya, yang
artinya : <i>“sesungguhnya Allah menyukai orang-orang yang bertaubat dan
mensucikan dirinya”.</i>(Al-Baqarah:122)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 36.0pt 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah
memiliki hikmah tersendiri, yakni sebagai pemelihara serta pembersih diri dari
berbagai kotoran maupun hal-hal yang mengganggu dalam aktifitas ibadah seorang
hamba.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 36.0pt 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Seorang hamba
yang seanantiasa gemar bersuci ia akan memiliki keutamaan-keutamaan yang
dianugerahkan oleh Alloh di akhirat nanti. Thaharah juga membantu seorang hamba
untuk mempersiapakan diri sebelum melakukan ibadah-ibadah kepada Alloh. Sebagai
contoh seorang yang shalat sesungguhnya ia sedang menghadap kepada Alloh,
karenanya wudhu membuat agar fikiran hamba bisa siap untuk beribadah dan bisa
terlepas dari kesibukan-kesibukan duniawi, maka diwajibkanlah wudhu sebelum
sholat karena wudhu adalah sarana untuk menenangkan dan meredakan fikiran dari
kesibukan-kesibukan duniawi untuk siap melaksanakan sholat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">PEMBAGIAN THAHARAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Kita bisa membagi thaharah secara umum menjadi dua macam pembagian
yang besar yaitu: Taharah Hakiki dan Taharah Hukmi. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah
Hakiki</span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah secara hakiki maksudnya adalah hal-hal yang terkait dengan
kebersihan badan, pakaian dan tempat
shalat dari najis. Boleh dikatakan bahwa
thaharah secara hakiki adalah terbebasnya seseorang dari najis. Seseorang yang
shalat yang memakai pakaian yang ada noda darah atau air kencing tidak sah
shalatnya. Karena ia tidak terbebas dari ketidak sucian secara hakiki.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah secara hakiki bisa didapat dengan menghilangkan najis yang
menempel baik pada badan, pakaian atau tempat untuk melakukan ibaadah ritual,
caranya bermacam-macam tergantuk level kenajisannya.bila najis itu ringan cukup
dengan memercikan air saja, maka najis itu dianggap sudah lenyap, bila najis
itu berat, harus dicuci dengan air 7 kali dan salah satunya dengan tanah. Bila
najis itu pertengahan, disucikan dengan cara, mencusikanya dengan air biasa
hingga hilang warna najisnya, dan juga hilang bau najisnya dan hilang rasa najisnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah
Hukmi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الحكميه
هي التى تجاوز محل ما ذكر فى غسل الأعضاء عن الحدث فإنّ محل السبب الفرج. مثلا خرج
منه خارج<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Seseorang yang tidak batal wudhunya, boleh jadi secara fisik tidak
ada kotoran yang menimpanya. Namun dia wajib berthaharah ulang dengan cara
berwudhu, bila ia ingin melakukan ibadah tertentu seperti shalat, thawaf dan
lain-lainnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Demikian pula dengan orang yang keluar mani. Meski dia telah
membersihkannya dengan bersih, lalu
mengganti bajunya dengan yang baru, dia tetap belum dikatakan suci dari hadas
besar hingga selesai dari mandi janabah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Jadi secara thaharah secara hukmi adalah kesucian secara ritual,
dimana secara fisik memang tidak ada kotoran yang menempel, namun seolah-olah
dirinya tidak suci untuk melakukan ibadah ritual. Thaharah secara hukmi
dilakukan dengan cara wudhu atau mandi janabah. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 54.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">ALAT-ALAT YANG DIGUNAKAN UNTUK
BERTHAHARAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">وَسَائلُ الطهَارَةُ ( الأشْياءَ
التِى يتطَهر بِهَا ) أَرْبِعِةٌ:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">أ.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الماءُ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">ب.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الترَابُ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">ج.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">الدابغ</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 36.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; text-align: right; text-indent: -18.0pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Traditional Arabic";">د.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="RTL"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">حجرُ
الإسْتِنْجاء</span><a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="LTR"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: "Traditional Arabic","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">KLASIFIKASI AIR DAN PENGGUNAANYA DALAM BERSUCI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
mulak (air yang suci lagi mensucikan)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak
boleh dan tidak sah mengangkat hadas dan menghilangkan najis melainkan dengan
air mutlak.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
mutlak itu ada 7 jenis, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
hujan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
laut<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
sungai<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
sumur<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang bersumber (dari mata air)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
es<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 54.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
embun.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ketahuilah
tidak sah berwudu dengan fardhu, mandi wajib, mandi sunnat, menghilangkan najis
dengan benda cair seperti cuka atau benda beku lainnya seperti tanah dalam
bertayamum ..<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air mutlak mempunyai tiga sifat ,
yaitu :<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tha’mun
(Rasa)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Launun
(Warna)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Rihun
(Bau)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dan kalau
dikatakan air itu berubah maka yang dimaksudkan ialah berubah sifatnya, air
mutlak itu terkadang berubah rasanya, warnanya, atau baunya sebab dimasuki oleh
sesuatu benda dan benda yang masuk kedalam air itu kadang-kadang mukhlath dan
kadang-kadang mujawir,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut istilah,
para ulama berbeda pendapat sebagian mereka mengatakan “ Al-mukhtalat itu ada
yang tidak dapat diceraikan dari air”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dan sebagian
lagi mengatakan “Al-Mukhtalat itu barang yang tidak dapat dibedakan air menurut pandangan mata”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kalau air
berubah dengan sesuatu benda yang mujawir yang, cendana, minyak bunga-bungaan,
kapur barus yang keras, maka air itu masih dianggap suci yang dapat dipakai
untuk ber bercuci, sekalipun banyak perubahannya. Karena perubahan yang sesuatu
mujawir itu, ia akan menguap jua. Karena itu air yang seperti ini dinamakan air
yang mutlak, ban dingannya air yang
berubah karena diasapkan dengan dupa atau berubaah baunya karena berdekatan
dengan bangkai. Maka air yang seperti
ini masih dianggap air yang suci dan dapt dipergunakan untuk bersuci, baik
berubah sifatnya.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air suci tidak mensucikan <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">air yang berubah
sebab bercampur dengan benda-benda suci lainnya (seperti teh, kopi, dan sirup)<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>.
Misalnya juga dengan sabun, tepung, dan lain-lain yang biasanya terpisah dengan
air. Hukumnya tetap menyucikan selama kemutlakan nya masih terpelihara, jika
sudah tidak, hingga tidak dapat lagi dikatakan mutlak maka hukumnya ialah suci
pada dirinya sendiri, tidak menyucikan bagi lainnya.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 54.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air Mutlak yang
Makruh memakainya (air yang suci lagi mensucikan tetapi makruh memakainya)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air yang makruh
memakainya menurut hokum syara’ atau juga dinamakan kahariyatut tanzih ada
delapan macam , yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang sangat panas<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang sangat dingin<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang berjemur<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
di negeri Tsamud selain dari air sumur naqah<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
di negeri kaum Luth <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
telaga Barhut<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
didaerah Babel dan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
ditelaga Zarwan<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
musta’mal <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
musta’mal adalah air yang bekas dipakai (dipakai berwudhu atau mencuci najis) atau air yang sudah digunakan
untuk menghilangkan hadas atau najis, kalau memang tidak berubah dan tidak
bertambah timbangannya. Jadi airnya suci.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 38.25pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air
yang terkena najis<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Air najis adalah
air yang kemasukan benda najis dan air itu kurang dua kolah, atau air itu ada
dua kolah tetapi berubah.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> Maksudnya
air yang kemasukan benda najis didalamnya, andai kata air tersebut hanya
tertulari bau busuk dari najis yang dibuang dipinggirnya maka air yang demikian
ini tidak najis, sebab tidak bertemu langsung dengan najisnya. Dan yang
dimaksud dengan berubah andai kata air yang banyak tersebut tidak berubah
dengan adanya najis atau najisnya hanya sedikit dan hancur dalam air maka air
yang demikian ini juga tidak najis. Dan seluruh air itu boleh digunakan menurut
mazhab yang shahih.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">BAB III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">KESIMPULAN</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br />
<!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Thaharah merupakan salah satu ibadah yang
disyariatkan oleh Alloh kepada hamba sebelum melakukan ibadah yang lain.
Thaharah hanya dilakukan dengan sesuatu yang suci dan dapat menyucikan.
Thaharah juga menunjukan bahwa sesungguhnya islam sangat menghargai kesucian
dan kebersihan sehingga diwajibkan kepada setiap muslim untuk senantiasa
menjaga kesucian dirinya, hartanya serta lingkungannya. Hal ini dibuktikan
dengan bab thaharah adalah bab pertama yang dibahas dalam setiap kitab fiqih
yang ada.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <i>Waullahu
‘Alam</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Anwar Moch, <i>Fiqih Islam Tarjamah Matan
Taqrib,</i> Bandung: PT Alma’arif, 1987<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> H. Muqarrabin, <i>Fiqih awam, </i>Demak<i>:</i>
Cv. Media Ilmu, 1997, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Mushtafa, Abid Bishri, <i>Tarjamah Shahih Muslim, </i>Semarang: CV
Asy-Syifa, 1993<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Al-Gazzi Ibnu Qosim, <i>Hasiyah Asy-Syekh Ibrahim Al-Baijuuri, </i>Baerut:
Dar Al-Fikr, 2005<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Hasan bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Salim
Al-Kafi, <i>Taqrirqtus Sadidah Fi Masailil Mufidah, </i>Surabaya: Dar Al-Ulum
Al-Islamiyah, 2006</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Abu
Bakar Imam Taqiyuddin, Bin Muhammad Alhusaini , <i>Kifayatul Akhyar, </i>Surabaya: Bina Imam, 2003<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Muhammad
Arsyad Al-Banjari Syekh, <i>Sabilal Muhtadin, </i>(Surabaya: PT Bina Ilmu)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div>
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><br clear="all" />
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<!--[endif]-->
<div id="ftn1">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> H.
Moch. Anwar, <i>Fiqih Islam Tarjamah Matan Taqrib,</i> (Bandung: PT
Alma’arif, 1987) Hal 9</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> Al
Ust. H Muqarrabin, <i>Fiqih awam, (Demak:</i> Cv. Media Ilmu, 1997), Hal</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Abid Bishri mushtafa, <i>Tarjamah Shahih Muslim, </i>(Semarang: CV Asy-Syifa,
1993) juz 1. Hal 325</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> Ibnu
Qosim Al-Gazzi, <i>Hasiyah Asy-Syekh Ibrahim Al-Baijuuri, </i>(Baerut: Dar
Al-Fikr, 2005) juz 1, hal 34.</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> <span lang="IN">Hasan bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Salim
Al-Kafi, <i>Taqrirqtus Sadidah Fi Masailil Mufidah, </i>(Surabaya: Dar Al-Ulum
Al-Islamiyah, 2006) hal 56<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari, <i>Sabilal Muhtadin, </i>(Surabaya: PT Bina
Ilmu, ) juz 1, hal 17</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> H.
Moch. Anwar, <i>Long Cit</i></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn8">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Syekh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari, <i>Ibid. </i>21</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a> H. Moch . Anwar, <i>Op Cit,</i> hal 10</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn10">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Said Sabiq, <i>fiqh Sunnah 1, </i>(Bandung: PT Alma’arif, 1973) juz 1</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn11">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Syekh Muhamad Arsyad Al-banjari, <i>Ibid, </i>Hal
25</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn12">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[12]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Imam Taqiyuddin Abu Bakar Bin Muhammad Alhusaini , <i>Kifayatul Akhyar, </i>(Surabaya: Bina Imam, 2003) Juz 1,Hal 19</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn13">
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/makalah%20fiqh%20asli%20(Recovered).docx#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[13]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></a>
Imam Taqiyuddin Abu bakar Bin Muhammad
Alhusaini, <i>ibid, </i>Hal 21.</div>
</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-92068792051798951492012-05-23T22:39:00.000-07:002012-05-24T01:27:06.234-07:00makalah hadits maudhu'<br />
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">BAB I<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">PENDAHULUAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Masalah hadits
maudhu berawal dari p</span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ertentangan politik </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">yang </span><span lang="SV" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">terjadi pada masa khalifah Ali
Bin Abi Thalib yang berujung pada pembuatan hadits-hadits palsu yang tujuannya
adalah untuk mengalahkan lawan dan mempengaruhi orang-orang tertentu. Akibat
perpecahan politik ini, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">hampir setiap golongan membuat hadits maudhu untuk
memperkuat golongannya masing-masing. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ulumul hadits merupakan suatu ilmu
pengetahuan yang komplek dan sangat menarik untuk diperbincangkan, salah
satuanya adalah mengenai hadits maudhu yang menimbulkan kontrofersi dalam
keberadaannya. Suatu pihak menanggapnya dengan apa adanya, ada juga yang menanggapinya
dengan beberapa pertimbangan dan catatan, bahkan ada pihak yang menolaknya
secara langsung. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Kemudian
kami sebagai Mahasiswa yang dituntut untuk mengkaji dan memahami polemik
problematika umat yang salah satunya ditimbulkan dari adanya hadits maudhu.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l9 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Rumusan masalah<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apa yang dimaksyud dengan hadits
maudhu?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mengapa muncul hadits maudhu?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagaimana realitas hadis maudhu?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB II<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">HADITS MAUDU’ (PALSU)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian hadits Maudu’<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Maudu’ berasal dari isim maf’ul dari </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">وضع يضع وضع</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ا</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">menurut bahasa seperti (meletakan atau minyimpan).<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sedangkan menurut istilah hadits maudu’ adalah
hadits yang dibuat-buatatau diciptakan atau didustakan atas nama nabi<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dan para ahli hadits mendifinisikan hadits
maudu’ adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">هُوَ مَا نُسِبَ إِلَى
رَسُوْلِ اللّه صَلَّى اللّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إخْتِلاَقًا وَ كِذْبًا مِمَّا
لَمْ يَقُلْهُ أَوْ يَفْعَلْهُ أَوْ
يُقَرَّهُ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“<i>hadits yang disandarkan kepada Rasulullah
SAW secara dibuat-buat dan dusta, padahal beliau tidak mengatakan, memperbuat
dan mengerjakan <a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></b></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">هُوَ الْمُخْتَلَعُ
الْمَصْنُوْعُ الْمَنْسُوْبُ اِلَى رَسُوْلُ اللَّه صَلَّى اللّه عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ زوْرًا وَبُهْتَانًا سَوَاءٌ كَانَ ذَلِكَ عَمْدًا اَوْ خَطَأً</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“hadits yang diciptakan dan dibuat oleh
seorang (pendusta) yang ciptaan ini dinisbahkan kepada Rasulullah secara paksa
dan dusta, baik disengaja maupun tidak” <a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></b></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari pengertian diatas tersebut dapat
disimpulkan bahwa hadits maudhu’ adalah segala sesuatu yang disandarkan kepada
Nabi Muhammad SAW, baik perbuatan, perkataan maupun taqrirnya, secara rekaan
atau dusta semata-mata. Dalam penggunaan masyarakat islam,hadits maudhu’
disebut juga dengan Hadits palsu.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Sejarah Munculnya Hadits Maudhu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Masuknya secara masal penganut agama lain
kedalam islam, yang merupakan dari keberhasilan dakwah islamiyah keseluruh
pelosok dunia, secara tidak langsung menjadi faktor munculnya hadits-hadits
palsu. Kita tidak bisa menafikan bahwa masuknya mereka keislam,disamping ada
yang benar-benar ikhlas, ada juga segolongan mereka yang mennganut agama islam
hanya karena terpaksa tnduk pada kekuasaan islam pada waktu itu. Golomngan ini
kita kenal dengan kaum Munafik.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Golongan tersebut senantiasa menyimpan dendam
dan dengki terhadap islah dan senantiasa menunggu peluang yang tepat untuk
merusak dan menimbulkan keraguan dalam hati-hati orang-orang islam. Maka
datanglah waktu yang ditunggu-tunggu oleh mereka, yaitu pada masa pemerintahan
Utsman bin Affan. Golongan inilah yang mulai menaburkan benih-benih fitnah yang
pertama. salah seorang tokoh yang berperan dalam upaya menghancurkan Islam pada
masa Utsman bin Affan adalah Abdullah bin Saba’, seorang yahudi yang menyatakan telah memeluk islam.</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><o:p></o:p><br />
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan bertopengkan pembelaan kepada saydina
Ali dan Ahli Bait, ia menabur fitnah untuk fitnah kepada orang ramai. Ia
menyatakan bahwa Ali lebih berhak menjadi khalifah dari pada Utsman, bahkan
lebih berhak daripada Abu Bakar dan Umar. Halitu karena, menurut Abdullah bin
Saba’, sesuai dengan wasiat dari Nabi Saw. Lalu, untuk mendukung propoganda
tersebut, ia membuat suatu haditds maudhu’ yang artinya “ setiap Nabi ada
penerima wasiatnya dan penerima mwasiatku dalahali”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Namun penyebaran hadits Maudhu’ pada masa ini
belum begitu meluas karena masih banyak sahabat utama yang masih hidup dan
mengetahui dengan penuh yakin akan suatu kepalsuan suatu hadits. Setelah zaman
shahabat berlalu, penelitian terhadap hadits-hadits Nabi SAW, mulai melemah.
Ini menyebabkan bayaknya periwayatan dan penyebaran hadits secara tidak
langsung telah menyebabkan terjadunya pendustaan terhadap Rasulullah dan
sebagian shahabat. Ditambah lagi dengan adanya konflik politik antara umat
Islam yang semakin hebat, telah membuka peluang kepada golongan tertentu yang
memcoba bersengkongkol dengan penguasa untuk memalsukan hadits.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Faktor-faktor penyebab munculnya Hadits maudhu’<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Terdapat beberapa faktor tentang penyebab
hadits maudhu’ ini muncul, antara lain sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pertentangan politik dalamm soal pemilihan khalifah<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kejadian ini timbul sesudah terbunuhnya Khalifah Utsman bin Affan oleh para
pemberontak. Pada masa itu Umat Islam terpecah-belah menjadi beberapa
golongan. Diantara golongan-golongan
tersebut, untuk mendukung golongannya masing-masing, mereka membuat hadits
palsu, yang pertama yang paling banyak
membuat hadits Maudhu’ adalah golongan Syiah dan Rafidhah.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Diantara hadits-hadits yang dibuat golongan
syiah adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;">مَنْ اَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ
إلَى اَدَمَ فِى عِلْمِهِ وَإِلَى نُوْحٍ فِى تَقْوَاهُ وَإِلَى إِبْرَاهِيْمَ فِي
عِلْمِهِ وَإِلَى مُوْسَى فِى هَيْبَتِهِ وَإِلَى عِيْسَى فِي عِبَادَتِهِ
فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى عَلِيِّ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“ Barang siapa tyang ingin melihat Adam tentang
ketinggian ilmunya, ingin melihat Nuh tentang ketakwaannya, ingin melihat
Ibrahim tentang kebaikan hatinya, ingin melihat Musa tentang kehebatannya,
ingin melihat isa tentang ibadahnya, hendaklah melihat Ali.</span></i><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">إِذَ رّأَيْتُمْ مُعَاوِيَهَ فَاقْتُلُوْهُ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila kamu melihat Muawiyyah atas mimbarku, bunuhlah
dia.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gerakan-gerakan orang syiah tersebut diimbangi
oleh golongan jumhur yang bodoh dan tidak tahu akibat dari pemalsuan hadits
tersebut dengan membuat-buat hadits-hadits palsu. Contoh hadits palsu<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">مَا فِى الْجَنَّةِ
شَجَرَةٌ إِلاَّ مَكْتُوْبٌ عَلَى كُلِّ وَرَقَةٍ مِنْهَا: لاَإِلَهَ إِلاَّ
اللَّه مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ اللّه, أَبُوْ بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيْقُ, عُمَرُ
الْفَارُوْقُ, عُثْمَانُ ذُوْ النُّوْرَيْنِ.</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Tak ada
satu pohon pun daklam syurga, melainkan tertulis pada tiap-tiap dahannya: la
ilaha illallah, Muhammadur Rasulullah, Abu bakar Ash-Shiddieq, Umar Al-faruq,
dan Utsman Dzunnuraini. <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Golongan yang fanatik kepada
Muawiyyah membuat pula hadits palsu yang menertangkan keutamaan Muawiyyah,
diantaranya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 21.3pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ا</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">َلأُمَنَاءُ ثَلاَثَةٌ:
أَنَا وَجِبْرِيْلُ وَ مُعَاوِيَةُ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Orang yang terpercaya itu ada tiga, yaitu Aku,
Jibril Dan Muawwiyah.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Adanya Kesengajaan dari pihak lain untuk merusak Ajaran Islam<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Golongan ini adalah dari golongan Zindiq,
Yahudi, Majusi, dan Nasrani yang senantiasa menyimpan dendam terhadap
agama Islam. Mereka tidak mampu untuk
melawan kekuatan Islam secara terbuka maka mereka mengambil jalan yang buruk
ini. Mereka menciptakan sejumlah besar hadits Maudhu’ dengan tujuan merusak
ajaran Islam.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a>
Sejarah mencatatAbdullah Bin Saba’ adalah seorang Yahudi yang berpura-pura
memeluk Agama Islam. Oleh sebab itu, dia berani menciptakan hadits Maudhu’ pada
saat masih banyak sahabat utama masih hidup. Diantara hadits Maudhu’ yang
diciptakan oleh orang-orang zindiq tersebut, adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">يَنْزِلُ رَبُّنَا عَشِيَّةً عَلَى جَمَلٍ
اَوْرَقٍ, يُصَافِحُ الرُّكْبَانَ وَ يُعَانِقُ الْمُشَاةَ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tuhan kami turunkan<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span>dari langit pada sore hari, di Arafah dengan bekendaraan
Unta kelabu, sambil berjabatan tangan dengan orang-orang yang berkendaraan dan
memeluk orang-orang yang sedang berjalan.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></b></span></span></a></span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">النَّظْرُ إِلَى الْوَجْهِ
الْجَمِيْلِ عِبَادّةٌ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Melihat (memandang) muka yang indah adalah ibadah</span></i><i><span lang="IN">.</span></i><span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tokoh-tokoh terkenal yang membuat hadits
Maudhu’ dari kalangan Zindiq, adalah:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Abdul Karim bin Abi Al-Auja, telah membuat sekitar 4.000 hadits Maudhu tentang hukum halal-haram.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Muhammad bin Sa’id Al-Mashubi, yang akhirnya dibunuh oleh Abu Ja’far
Al-Mansur<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bayan bin Sam’an Al-Mahdi, yang akhirnya dihukum mati oleh Khalid bin
Abdillah.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mempertahankan Mahzab dalam masalah Fiqh dan masalah Kalam<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mereka yang fanati terhadap Madzhab Abu
Hanifah yang menganggaptidak sah shalat
mengagkut kedua tangan shalat, membuat hadits Maudhu’sebagai berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">مَنْ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فِي
ال صّلاَةِ فَلاَ صَلاَةَ لَهُ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 14.2pt;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Barang siapa mengagkat kedua tangannya didalam
shalat, tidak sah shalatnya.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Membangkitkan gairah beribadah untuk Mendekatkan diri kepada Allah<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mereka membuat hadits-hadits palsu dengan
tujuan menarik orang untuk lebih mendekatkan diri kepada Allah. Melalui
amalan-amalan yang mereka ciptakan. Seperti hadits-hadits yang dibuat oleh Nuh
ibn Maryam, seorang tokoh hadits maudhu,tentang keutamaan Al-Qur’an. Ketika
ditanya alasannya melakukan hal seperti itu, ia menjawab: “ Saya dapati manusia
telah berpaling dari membaca Al-Qur’an maka saya membuat hadits-hadits ini
untuk menarik minat umat kembali kepada Al-qur’an.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menjilat Para Penguasa untuk Mencari Kedudukan atau Hadiah.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Seperti kisah Ghiyats bin Ibrahim An-Nakha’i
yang datang kepada Amirul mukminin Al-Mahdi, yang sedang bermain merpati. Lalu
iya mentyebut hadits dengan sanadnya secara berturut-turut sampai kepada nabi
Saw., bahwasanya beliau bersabda:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">لاَ سَبَقَ إِلاَّ فِيْ
نَصْلٍ أَوْ خُفٍّ أَوْ حَافِرٍ أَوْ جَنَاحٍ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tidak ada perlombaan, kecuali dalam anak panah,
ketangkasan, menunggang kuda, atau burung yang bersayap.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.3pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ia menambahkan kata, ‘atau burung yang
bersayap’, untuk meyenagkanAl-Mahdi, lalu Al-Mahdi memberinya sepuluh dinar.
Setelah ia berpaling, sang Amir berkata, “Aku bersaksi bahwa tengkukmu adalah tengkuk
pendusta atas nama Rasulullah SAW.” Lalu memerintahkanuntuk menyembelih
mengerti itu.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 32.2pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Ciri-ciri Hadits Maudhu’<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.65pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ciri-ciri yang terdapat pada Sanad<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rawi tersebut terkenal berdusta (seorang pendusta) dan tidak ada seorang
rawi yang terpercaya yang meriwayatkan hadits dari dia<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengakuan dari sipembuat sendiri, seperti pengakuan seorang guru tasawwuf,
ketika ditanya oleh ibnu ismail tentang keutamaan ayat Al-Qur’an, maka dijawab:
“tidak seorang pun yang meriwayatkan hadits ini kepadaku. Akan tetapi, kami
melihat manusia membenci Al-qur’an, kami ciptakan untuk mereka hadits ini
(tentang keutamaan ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an), agar mereka menaruh perhatian untuk
mencintai Al-Qur’an.”<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kenyataan sejarah, mereka tidak mungkin bertemu, misalnya ada pengakuan
seorang rawi bahwa ia menerima hadits dari seorang guru, padahal ia tidak
pernah bertemu dengan guru tersebut, atau ia lahir sesudah guru tersebut
meninggal, misalnya ketika Ma’mun ibn Ahmad As-Sarawi mengaku bahwa ia menerima
Hadits dari Hisyam ibn Amr kepada Ibnu Hibban maka Ibnu Hibban bertanya, “kapan
engkau pergi keSyam?” Ma’mun menjawab, “ pada tahun 250 H.” Mendengar itu Ibnu
Hibban berkata, Hisyam meninggal dunia pada tahun 245 H.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keadaan rawi dan faktor-faktor yang mendorongnya membuat hadits maudhu’.
Misalnya seperti yang dilakukan oleh Giyats bin Ibrahim, kala ia berkunjung
kerumah Al- Mahdi yang sedang bermain dengan burung merpati yang berkata:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">لاَ سَبَقَ إِلاَّ فِى
نَصْلٍ أَوْ خُفٍّ أَوْ حَافِرٍ أَوْ جَنَاحٍ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“Tidak sah perlombaan itu, selain mengadu anak
panah, mengadu unta, mengadu kuda, atau mengadu burung<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 35.45pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ia menambahkan kata, “<i>au janahin” </i>(atau
mengadu burung), untuk menyenagkan Al-Mahdi, lalu Al-Mahdi memberinya sepuluh
ribu dirham. Setelah ia berpaling, sang Amir berkata: “ aku bersaksi bahwa
tengkukmu adalah tengkuk pendusta, atas Nama Rasulullah SAW, lalu ia
memerintahkan tentang kemaudhu’an suatu Hadits.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ciri-ciri yang terdapat pada Matan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keburukan susunan lafadznya. Ciri ini akan diketahui setelah kita mendalami
ilmu bayan. Dengan mendalami ilmu bayan ini, kita akan merasakan susunan kata,
mana yang keluar dari mulut Rasulullah SAW, dan mana yang tidak mungkin keluar
dari mulut Rasulullah SAW.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kerusakan maknanya. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena berlawanan dengan akal sehat, seperti Hadits:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-right: 54.0pt; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">اَنَّ سَفِيْنَةَ نَوْحٍ بِا لْبَيْتِ سَبْتِ سَبْعًا وَصَلَّتْ
بِالْمَقَامِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sesungguhnya bahtera Nuh bertawaf tujuh kali keliling ka’bah dan
bersembahyang dimaqam Ibrahim dua raka’at.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena berlawanan dengan hukum akhlak yang umum, atau menyalahi kenyataan,
seperti Hadits:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 72.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">لاَيُوْلَدُ بَعْدَ الْمِائَةِ مَوْلُوْدٌ لِلّهِ فِيْهِ
حَاجَةٌ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tiada dilahirkan seorang anak sesudah tahun seratus, yang ada padanya
keperluan bagi Allah.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena bertentangan dengan ilmu kedokteran, seperti hadits:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 72.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">اَلْبَاذِنْجَانُ شِفَاءٌ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Buah terong itu penawar bagi penyakit.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena menyalahi undang-undang (ketentuan-ketentuan) yang ditetapkan akal
kepada Allah. Akal menetapkan bahwa
Allah suci dari serupa dengan makhluqnya. Oleh karena itu, kita menghukumi
palsu hadits berikut ini:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 72.0pt; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: right; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">إِنَّ الَّلهَ خَلَقَ الْفَرَسَ فَأَجْرَاهَا فَعَرِقَتْ
فَخَلَقَ نَفْسَهَا مِنْهَا</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sesungguhnya Allah menjadikan kuda betina, lalu ia memacukannya, maka
berpeluhlah kuda itu, lalu tuhan menjadikan dirinya dari kuda itu.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 72.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena menyalahi hukum-hukum Allah dalam menciptakan alam, seperti hadits
yang menerangkan bahwa ‘Auj ibnu Unuq mempunyai panjang tigab ratus hasta.
Ketika Nuh menakutinya dengan air bah, ia berkata: “ketika topan terjadi, air
hanya sampai ketumitnya saja. Kalu mau makan, ia memasukan tangannya kedalam
laut, lalu membakar ikan yang diambilnya
kepanas matahari yang tidak seberapa jauh dari ujung tangannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Karena mengandung dongeng-dongeng yang tidak masuk akal sama sekali,
seperti hadits:</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">اَلدِّيْكُ الْأَبْيَضُ حّبِيْبِيْ وحَبِيْبُ حَبِيْبِيْ </span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ayam putih kekasihku dan kekasih dari kekasihku jibril.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bertentangan dengan keterangan Al-Qur’an, Hadits mutawatir, dan
kaidah-kaidah kulliyah. Seperti Hadits:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">وَلَدُ الزِّنَا لاَيَدْ خُلُ الجَنَّةَ إِلَى سّبْعَةِ
أبْنَاءٍ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Anak zina itu tidak dpat masuk syurga sampai tujuh turunan.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Makna hadits diatas bertentangan dengan kandungan Q. S.
Al-An’am : 164, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">وَلاَتَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَأُخْرَى</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dan seorang yang berdosa tidak akanmemikul dosa orang lain.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ayat diatas menjelaskan bahwa dosa seseorang tidak dapat
dibebankan kepada orng lain. Seorang anak sekali pun tidak dapat dibebani dosa
orang tuanya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Menerangkan suatu pahala yang sangat
besar terhadap perbuatan-perbuatan yang sangat kecil, atau siksa yang sangat
besar terhadap perbuatan yang kecil. Contohnya:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Traditional Arabic'; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;">مَنْ وُلِدَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ فَسَمَّاهُ مُحَمَّدًا، كَانَ هُوَ
وَمَوْلُوْدُهُ فِى الْجَنَّةِ</span><span dir="LTR" lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Barangsiapa mengucapkan tahlil (la ilaha illallh) maka
Allah menciptakan dari kalimat itu seekor burung yang mempunyai 70.000 lisan,
dan setiap lisan yang mempunyai 70.000 bahasa yang dapat memintakan ampun
kepadanya.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">E.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum membuat dan meriwayatkan hadits maudhu’<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Umat Islam telah sepakat bahwa hukum membuat
dan meriwayatkan hadits <i>maudhu’</i> dengan sengaja adalah haram secara <i>mutkaq</i>,
bagi mereka yang sudah mengetahui hadits itu palsu. Adapun bagi mereka yang
meriwayatkan dengan tujuan memberi tahu kepada orang bahwa hadits ini adalah
palsu (menerangkan sesudah meriwayatkan atau membacanya), tidak ada dosa
atasnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mereka yang tidak tahu sama sekali kemudian
meriwayatkannya atau mereka mengamalkan makna hadits tersebut karena tidak
tahu, tidak ada dosa atasnya. Akan tetapi, sesudah mendapatkan penjelasan bahwa
riwayat atau hadits yang dia ceritakan atau amalkan itu adalah hadits palsu,
hendaklah segera dia tinggalkannya, kalau tetap dia amalkan, sedangkan dari
jalan atau sanad lain tidak ada sama sekali, hukumnya tidak boleh.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">F.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Kitab-kitab yang memuat hadits maudhu’<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Para ulama muhaditsin, dengan menggunakan
berbagai kaidah studi kritis hadits, berhasil mengumpulkan hadits-hadits <i>maudhu’</i>
dalam sejumlah karya yang cukup banyak, di antaranya;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Al-Maudhu’ Al-Kubra, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">karya Ibn Al-jauzi (ulama yang paling awal
menulis dalam ilmu ini).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Al-La’ali Al-Mashnu’ah fi Al-Ahadits Al-Maudhu’ah,
</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">karya As-Suyuti
(Ringkasan Ibnu Al-jauzi dengan beberapa tambahan).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tanzihu Asy-Syari’ah Al-marfu’ah an Al-Ahadits
Asy-Syani’ah Al-Maudhu’ah, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">karya Ibnu Iraq Al-kittani (ringkasan kedua kitab
tersebut).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></i><span dir="LTR"></span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Silsilah Al-Ahadits Adh-Dha’ifak, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">karya Al-albani<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">G.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">Cara mengetahui hadits maudhu<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Adanya pengakuan dari pembuatannya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Maknanya rusak, dalam arti bertentangan dengan alqur’an, hadits mutawatir
dan hadits shahih<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Matannya menyebutkan janji yang besar untuk perbuatan kecil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rawinya pendusta.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[16]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BABIII<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">PENUTUP<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">KESIMPULAN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengertian hadits maudhu mempunyai
bermacam-macam pendapat, walaupun demikian dapat ditarik kesimpulah bahwa
hadits maudhu adalah hadis palsu yang dibuat oleh seseorang dan disandarkan
kepada nabi Muhammad saw. Adapun latar belakangnya hadits maudhu tersebut
hakikatnya adalah pembelaan atau pembencian terhadap suatu golongan tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hadits maudhu dapat diidentifikasi
keberadaannya dengan mengetahuinya berdasarkan metode-metode tertentu, misalnya
mengetahui ciri-ciri yang terdapat pada sanad dan matannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menyikapi terhadap adanya hadits
maudhu sangat beragam, ada sekelompok orang yang menyikapinya dengan menerima
tanpa pertimbangan tertentu, ada pula yang menerimanya dengan berbagai catatan
tertentu, bahkan ada pula yang tidak menerimanya sama sekali.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Abdul Fatah Abu Ghuddah, <i>lamhat Min Tarikh
As-Sunnah wa Ulum Al-Hadits</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Fathur Rahman, <i>Ikhtisar Musthalahahul Hadits, </i>Bandung: Al-Ma’arif,
1974<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Drs. Munzier suprapto. M. A, dan Drs. Utang Ranuwijaya, <i>Ilmu Hadits, </i>raja
grapindo persada, Jakarta, 1993<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Drs. M. Agus Solahudin, M. Ag, dan Agus Suyadi, Lc. M. Ag, <i>Ulumul
Hadits, </i>Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2009<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Khusniati Rofiah, <i>studi ilmu Hadits,</i> stain po prees, bandung, 2010<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mahmud abu rayah,<i> adlwa’ ‘ala sunnah al
muhammadiyah</i>, Dar al-Ma’arif, Mekah, 1997<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mahmud At-Tahhan, <i>Tafsir Musthalah
Al-Hadits, </i>Beirut: Dar Al-Qur’an Al-Karim, 1979<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">M. ‘Ajjaj Al-Khatib. <i>Ushul
Al-Hadits. </i>Terj. H. M. Qodirun dan Ahmad Musyafiq, Jakarta: Gaya Media
Pratama. 1997<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">M. Hasbi Ash-Shiddiqy. <i>Sejarah dan
Pengantar Ilmu Hadits, </i>jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1987<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Subhi as-Salih, <i>‘ulum al-hadits wa
Mustalahahuh,</i> Dar al-ilm al-malayin, 1997<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<br />
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Drs. Munzier suprapto. M. A, dan Drs.
Utang Ranuwijaya, <i>Ilmu Hadits, </i>raja grapindo persada, Jakarta, 1993, h,
191<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Mahmud abu rayah,<i> adlwa’ ‘ala sunnah al
muhammadiyah</i>, Dar al-Ma’arif, Mekah, h 199<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Subhi as-Salih, <i>‘ulum al-hadits wa
Mustalahahuh,</i> Dar al-ilm al-malayin, 1997, h, 263<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Mahmud abu rayah,<i>Op cit,</i> h 119<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">M. ‘Ajjaj
Al-Khatib. <i>Ushul Al-Hadits. </i>Terj. H. M. Qodirun dan Ahmad
Musyafiq, Jakarta: Gaya Media Pratama. Hlm, 352.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Abdul Fatah Abu Ghuddah, <i>lamhat Min
Tarikh As-Sunnah wa Ulum Al-Hadits, </i>hlm 41<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">M. Hasbi Ash-Shiddiqy. <i>Sejarah dan
Pengantar Ilmu Hadits, </i>jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1987. Hlm 246.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Mahmud At-Tahhan, <i>Tafsir Musthalah
Al-Hadits, </i>Beirut: Dar Al-Qur’an Al-Karim, 1979, hlm 91<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Fathur Rahman, <i>Ikhtisar Musthalahahul
Hadits, </i>Bandung: Al-Ma’arif, 1974, hlm 177.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Fathur Rahman. <i>Op. Cit. Hlm179</i></span><span dir="RTL"></span><i><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span dir="RTL"></span> ن</span></i><i><span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Ash-Shiddiqy. <i>Op. Cit.</i>hlm.
254.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Al-qaththan. <i>Op. Cit. </i>Hlm.
149.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Ash-Shiddieqy. <i>Op. Cit. </i>Hlm
237<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Drs. M. Agus Solahudin, M. Ag, dan Agus
Suyadi, Lc. M. Ag, <i>Ulumul Hadits, </i>Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2009, hlm.
182.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Rahman. <i>Op. Cit. </i>Hlm. 170.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%201%20PBA/makalah%20ulumul%20hadits.docx#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[16]</span></span></span></a> <span lang="IN">Khusniati Rofiah, <i>studi ilmu Hadits,</i>
stain po prees, bandung, 2010<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-37277101023392068222012-05-21T03:22:00.000-07:002012-05-24T01:28:15.420-07:00gejala pengenalan psikologi umum (penginderaan, dll)<br />
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB I</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kognitif berasal dari kata “cognitive” yang berarti hal yang
berhubungan dengan pengamatan. Dalam ilmu Psikologi, Kognitif merupakan bagian
dari gejala jiwa manusia. Kognitif merupakan gejala pengenalan yang terdiri
dari penghayatan pengamatan tanggapan asosiasi, reproduksi, apersepsi, ingatan,
fantasi, berpikir dan intelegensi.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kogni</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">tif</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> dipahami sebagai proses </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mental&action=edit&redlink=1" title="Mental (halaman belum tersedia)"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-decoration: none;">mental</span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> karena kognisi mencermikan
pemikiran dan tidak dapat diamati secara langsung. Oleh karena itu kognisi
tidak dapat diukur secara langsung, namun melalui perilaku yang ditampilkan dan
dapat diamati. Misalnya kemampuan anak untuk mengingat angka dari 1-20, atau
kemampuan untuk menyelesaikan teka-teki, kemampuan menilai perilaku yang patut
dan tidak untuk di</span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imitasi" title="Imitasi"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-decoration: none;">imitasi</span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jadi gejala</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-gejala</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> kognitif itu
adalah:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengindraan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan,
Tanggapan (persepsi)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Reproduksi,
Asosiasi, dan Appersepsi</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Fantasi</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 64.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ingatan/memory</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 64.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lupa</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Berfikir</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Inteligensi/intelek</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 64.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Intusi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Akan tetapi
pada makalah ini kami hanya membahas tentang penginderaan, pengamatan,
tanggapan, reproduksi, asosiasi, dan appersepsi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BABII</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMBAHASAN</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">GEJALA PENGENALAN (KOGNI</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">TIF</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">)</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengindraan</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengindraan ialah penyaksian indera kita atas
rangsangan yang merupakan suatu kompleks (suatu kesatuan yang kabur, tidak
jelas). Dalam penginderaan bagian-bagian atau unsur-unsur dari ransangan yang
belum terurai, masih menjadi satu, bahkan diri kitapun seakan-akan termasuk
didalamnya. Jadi jiwa kita pasif. Misalnya pengindraan kita atas
kendaraan-kendaraan yang simpang siur dijalan raya, panas terik matahari yang
kita rasakan waktu kita asyik bermain dan sebagainya.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sejak individu dilahirkan secara langsung dapat berhubungan dengan
dunia luarnya. Mulai saat itu pula individu</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">-</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">individu secara langsung menerima rangsangan dari luar disamping menerima
rangsangan dari dalam dirinya sendiri, seperti mulai merasa kedinginan, panas,
sakit, senang dan sebagainya. Individu mengenal dunia sekitarnya dengan
menggunakan alat inderanya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk jelasnya berikut ini adalah jenis-jenis
atau kerjanya tiap-tiap indera dari
kelima panca indra kita sebagai berikut:</span><br />
<a name='more'></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indra</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> penglihatan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Alat yang berhubungan dengan penginderaan ini
adalah mata. Indera ini menerima perangsangan cahaya, dan kerjanya dapat
dibedakan menjadi 3 golongan:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menuraut adanya cahaya: terang dan gelap</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Warna, ada warna-warna seperti: Merah, Jingga, Biru, Kuning,Ungu,
hitam, putih dan abu-abu</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut ukuran: besar, bentuk dan jarak<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam Psikologi, dikenal empat warna pokok, yaitu: Merah, kuning,
hijau dan bir</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">u. Jika masing-masing warna ini ditempatkan pada sudut segi empat, maka
pada sisinya dapat kita temukan semua warna lainnya. Misalnya, warna ungu pada
garis merah biru, oranye pada garis merah kuning, dan abu-abu pada garis hijau
biru, dan lainnya.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 127.6pt; tab-stops: 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Merah Kuning</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 127.6pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 134.7pt; tab-stops: 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Biru Hijau</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Indera Pendengaran</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kita mendengar dengan telinga. Pada pengindraan pendengaran di bedakan
antara nada-nada (terdengar tenang dan teratur), dan desah-desah atau gersik
(gelisah dan tidak teratur). Kekuatan nada itu tergfantung pada amplitudo dari
getaran-getaran udara. Semakin tinggi jumlah getarannya semakin tinggilah
nadanya. Nada dengan kekuatan 20.000-30.000 getaran perdetik tidak bisa lagi
diamati noleh manusia. Nada paling rendah pada piano memiliki 27 getaran,
sedangkan yang tertinggi memiliki 3. 480 getaran perdetik. Orang-orang yang
lahir tuli, biasanya juga tidak bisa berbicara (bisu), sekalipun pada umumnya
organ-prgan bicaranya normal keadaannya.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera Pembau</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera pembau
berlangsung </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">via perangsang-perangsang berbentuk gas yang mengenai selaput lendir
hidung. Pada selaput lendir inilah terletak ujung-ujung syraf pembau. Menurut <b>W.
Henning </b>(peneliti jerman 1924) ada 6 bau pokok:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 127.6pt; tab-stops: 127.6pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">bau busuk</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.0cm; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">bau bunga bau
buah</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 148.85pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> bau
sangit</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.0cm; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">bau akar bau
getah</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.0cm; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera pengecap</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ini berlangsung karena adanya rangsangan-rangsangan cairan pada lidah dan tekak (langit-lamgit)
lunak. Kepekaan orang untuk indera pengecap ini pun sangat berbeda. Kita
membedakan empat cita rasa/pengecapan, yaitu manis, asam, asin dan pahit.
Sedangkan yang lainnya merupakan kombinasi dari keempat cita rasa itu.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera
peraba</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera ini menerima perangsang te</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">k</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">anan atau suhu dan sakit. Penginderaan
terdapat pada seluruh tubuh, kecuali pada rambut, kuku dan gigi.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera
keseimbangan</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera ini menerima perangsang gangguan
keseimbangan. Indera ini terletak pada telinga. Bentuknya seperti rumah siput.
Indera inilah yang menjaga tubuh kita agar tetap tegak atau tetap seperti
keadaan semula.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera Kinaesthesis (Kineo= gerak)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada peristiwa ini, perangsang-perangsangnya
berupa gerak-gerak dan
ketegangan-ketegangan pada otot-otot
tubuh . inderanya terdapat pada persendian.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera Organis/vital</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ini merupakan penginderaan lapar, dahaga,
sesak napas (kekurangan udara) dan pembuangan. Tidak ada pengaruh perangsang
dari luar. Indera yang berfungsi untuk ini adalah organ-organ pencernaan
makanan, pernapasan, organ sirkulasi darah, hati dan lain-lain.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera
</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">synaesthesi (indera penyerta)</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 241.0pt 9.0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Indera Synaesthesi adalah penginderaan tidak dengan indera yang
bersangkutan, akan tetapi dengan indera lainnya. Dalam pengelompokan indera ini dimasukan juga
penggantian suatu indera lainnya. Misalnya, kebutaan mata digantikan oleh
indera pendengaran dan perasa.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada umumnya pengindraan selalu disusul dengan
pengamatan, terutama rangsangan-rangsangan yang menarik perhatian kita. Namun
pengamatan hanya dap</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">t di lakukan oleh manusia, hewan dan bayi
tidak dapat melakukannya. Jadi dalam pengamatan jiwa kita aktif.</span><br />
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan, Tanggapan (persepsi)</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Manusia mengenal dunia ini secara riil, baik dirinya sendiri maupun
dunia sekitarnya dimana dia ada, dengan melihatnya, mendengarnya, membawanya
atau mengecapnya. Cara mengenal objek yang demikian itu disebut mengamati,
sedangkan melihat, mendengar dan seterusnya disebut modalitas pengamatan. Hal
yang diamati itu dialami dengan sifat-sifat; di sini, kini, sendiri dan
bermateri.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan ialah proses mengenal dunia luar
dengan menggunakan indera.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dan dapat juga diartikan pengamatan adalah hasil perbuatan jiwa
secara aktif dan penuh perhatian untuk menyadari adanya perangsang.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam pengamatan dengan sadar orang dapat pula memisahkan
unsure-unsur dari obyek tersebut. Misalnya, becak melampaui kita, mula-mula
Nampak bulatnya (penginderaan), tetapi kemudian makin jelas catnya, belnya,
pengendaranya, rodanya, dan sebagainya.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Proses pengamatan itu melalui 3 saat:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
alami (physis) : saat indera kita menerima perangsang dari alam luar.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
jasmani (saat physiologis) : saat perangsang itu diteruskan oleh urat syaraf sensoris ke otak.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Saat
rohani (saat phychis) : saat sampainya perangsang itu keotak, kita menyadari
perangsang itu dan bertindak.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Syarat-syarat terjadinya pengamatan ialah:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ada
perhatian kita terhadap perangsang itu</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ada
perangsang yang mengenai alat indera kita</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Urat
syaraf sensoris harus dapat meneruskan perangsang itu ke otak</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kita
dapat menyadari perangsang itu</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">tanggapan</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada pengamatan berlangsung perangsang perangsang-perangsang. Maka
tanggapan adalah kesan-kesan yang dialami jika perangsang sudah tidak ada. Jika
proses pengamatan sudah berhenti dan hanya tingal kesan-kesannya saja,
peristiwa sedemikian ini disebut dengan tanggapan.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Definisi tanggapan itu sendiri adalah gambaran ingatan dari
pengamatan. Misalnya berupa kesan pemandangan alam yang baru kita lihat, melodi
indah yang baru menggema, dan lain-lain<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></a></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Segala sesuatu yang pernah kita amati/alami
selalu tertinggal jejaknya atau kesannya didalam jiwa kita. Bekas jejak/kesan
dari luar yang tertinggal pada kita itu dapat kita timbulkan kembali
(Reproduksi) sebagai Tanggapan. Reproduksi suatu tanggapan itu dari keadaan
bawah sadar kedalam ke adaan sadar. Jadi secara umum dapat dikatakan bahwa
tanggapan itu adalah bayangan/kesan kenangan dari apa yang pernah kita amati
dan kenali.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tanggapan disebut latent (tersembunyi, belum
terungkap), apabila tanggapan tersebut berada dibawah sadar, atau tidak
disadari. Sedangkan tanggapan yang disebut aktual, apabila tanggapan tersebut
kiata sadari</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Perbedaan
antara pengamatan dan tanggapan.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan terikat pada tempat dan waktu, sedangkan pada tanggapan tidak
terikat pada waktu dan tempat.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Obyek pengamatan sempurna dan mendetail, sedangkan obyek pada tanggapan
tidak mendetail.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan memerlukan perangsang, sedangkan pada tanggapan tidak memerlukan
perangsang.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan bersifat sensoris, sedangkan pada tanggapan bersifat imajiner.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Reproduksi, Asosiasi, dan Apersepsi.</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Reproduksi</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Yang disebut ialah daya jiwa kita yang dapat
menimbulkan tanggapan-tanggapan ke kesadaran kita.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Reproduksi ialah permunculan
tanggapan-tanggapan dari keadaan bawah sadar (tidak disadari) kedalam keadaan
disadari. Ketika mengingat kembali suatu yang telah kita amati dan dan kita
alami, karena adanya perangsang atau pengaruh dari luar. Reproduksi juga dapat
muncul dengan sendirinya atau tidak sengaja, atau tidak ada sebab jadi secara
spontan muncul dalam kesadaran. Misalnya:
tanpa sebab tertentu munculah peristiwa pedih yang mengingatkan pada
masa-masa lalu<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut cara timbulnya, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Reproduksi bisa juga terikat: yaitu diikat dan dirong pleh kemauan
sendiri, dengan kata lain, secara sengaja dan atas kemauan sendiri dapat
menimbulkan reproduksi itu.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Dan reproduksi bisa juga bersifat bebas atau tidak
terikat, yakni reproduksi yang timbul dengan sendirinya, dengan tidak
disengaja, sehinga bersifat apa adanya dan liar dalam benak kita.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Asosiasi</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Asosiasi dari tanggapan ialah perkaitan dari tanggapan-tanggapan.
Tanggapan mengenai benda-benda disekitar diri kita itu selalu terasosiasi
dengan nama-nama dari bendanya. Setiap asosiasi selalu menyertakan reproduksi.
Maka psikologi kuno/lama menyusun lima hukum asosiasi, sebagai berikut:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum 1: </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hu</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">kum persamaan waktu: tanggapan-tanggapan yang muncul pada saat yang
sama dalam kesadaran, akan terasosiasi bersama. Misalnya, benda dengan namanya,
kampus dengan jalannya, barang dengan bahannya, dan lain-lain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum 2: hukum perurutan: benda atau peristiwa yang mempunyai
perurutan, akan terasosiasi bersama. Misalnya: huruf-huruf Alfabet, melodi,
sanjak, dan lain-lain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum 3: hukum persamaan (persesuaian): tanggapan- tanggapan yang
hamper sama, akan terasosiasi bersama. Misalnya: potret dangan orangnya,
Surabaya dan Jakarta, lautan dengan lautan pasir, dan lain-lain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum 4: hukum kebalikan (lawan): tanggapan-tanggapan yang
berlawanan akan terasosiasi bersama. Misalnya: kaya miskin, tua-muda,
besar-kecil, dan lain-lain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum 5: hukum galur tau pertalian logis: tanggapan-tanggapan yang
mempunyai perkaitan yang logis atau satu sama lain, akan terasoisasi bersama.
Misalnya, liburan dengan pesiar, musim pancaroba dengan penyakit, dan lain-lain</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebaliknya, psikologi modern hanya mengenal satu hokum asosiasi
saja, yaitu <i>hukum kontiguitas </i>(berbatasan, berdampingan)</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">. Bunyi hukum kontiguitas ialah sebagai
berikut: tanggapan-tanggapan akan terasosiasi satu sama lain apabila mereka itu
kontigu, berdampingan atau berbatasan satu sama lain, karena mereka timbul
bersamaan (koeksisiten), atau tersusun dekat didalam kesadaran.<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"> </span></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada proses aso</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">g</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">siasi</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">, bisa berlangsung hambatan emosional. Misalnya
berupa rasa malu, kecemasan, rasa minder, rasa takut, yang menghambat proses
repruduksi dan asosiasi. Oleh karena itu, demi berhasilnya pendidikan, semua
emosi yang hebat dan negatif sifatnya harus disingkirkan. Dan diperlukan sekali
ialah: suasana tenang untuk menumbuhkan perasaan-perasaan yang seimbang.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span></span></a> </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apersepsi</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Istilah Apersepsi ini telah dipergunakan dalam
arti berbeda-beda diantara para psikolog.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut Wilhelm Wundt, appersepsi ini terjadi
apabila kita mengarahkan perhatian kepada pada suatu isi psikis. Bagi Wundt,
Appersepsi itu adalah suatu proses kehendak yang memberi arah kepada aktivitas
jiwa dan mengangkat/menempatkan isi
psikis pada titik pandangan dan lapangan pandangan</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">. Sehubungan dengan ini, psikologi modern menyatakan bahwa dalam
peristiwa appersepsi itu ada
unsur-unsur: pengamat penuh minat, pemasakan dan pemahaman tanggapan dan
meningkatkan ketaraf hubungan yang lebih tinggi, juga ada proses terpengaruh
tanggapan-tanggapan lama oleh tanggapan baru. Dan merupakan proses psikologi
yang aktif tidak pasif<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lain halnya dengan Herbart, ia mengartikan
Appersepsi sebagai: penerimaan suatu tanggapan baru dengan bantuan tanggapan
yang sudah ada. Dan sekarang appersepsi ini banyak digunalan dalam arti
pengelolaan suatu kesan yang baru dengan bantuan/melalui kesan-kesan yang dimiliki. Jadi kesan-kesan
yang sampai pada kita tidak secara lengkap/belum jelas tidak dikenal, kita
sempurnakan, selesaikan, atau sesuaikan dengan bantuan kesan-kesan/tanggapan
yang sudah ada pada kita, sehingga kita mengenal, memahami dan mengerti
maksudnya.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengenalan dengan bantuan Appersepsi ini
banyak sekali terjadoi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, terutama dalam proses
belajar disekolah, pemahaman informasi dan lain-lain kesan baru yang
sampai/diterima atau dihadapi setiap orang.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sedangkan menurut Leibnis: appersepsi adalah
peristiwa penyadaran akan perangsang baik itu perangsang baru maupun perangsang
lama yang sudah menjadi tanggapan.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[16]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Proses appersepsi ialah suatu proses kemauan, bukan proses yang
berlangsung secara mekanis.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB III</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">SIMPULAN</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penginderaan adalah </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">penyaksian indera kita atas rangsangan yang merupakan
suatu kompleks (suatu kesatuan yang kabur, tidak jelas)</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pengamatan adalah </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">proses mengenal dunia luar dengan menggunakan indera</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tanggapan ialah
bekas atau gambaran dari sesuatu pengamatan, yang tinggal dalam lubuk jiwa kita
sehingga boleh disebut gambaran ingatan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Asosiasi adalah
dikeluarkannya tanggapan dari bagian ketidak sadaran kita kebahagiaan sadar
kita, ketika mengingat kembali suatu yang telah kita amati dan kita alami.
Asosiasi seterusnya kita pakai dalam arti perhubungan dan pertautan.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum persamaan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum sebab-akibat</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum sama waktu</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum urutan </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">e)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum serempak</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">f)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum berurutan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">g)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hukum berlawanan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Reproduksi ialah
penjelmaan, penimbulan kembali sesuatu yang telah kita alami,Reproduksi dapat
terjadi dengan sengaja tetapi dapat juga terjadi tidak dengan sengaja. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Reproduksi
dapat juga terjadi pengaruh dari luar<span style="color: #666666;">.</span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">Ø<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Appersepsi
adalah </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">peristiwa penyadaran akan perangsang baik itu perangsang baru maupun
perangsang lama yang sudah menjadi tanggapan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Abu Ahmadi, <i>Psikologi Umum, </i>Jakarta:
Rineka Cipta, 1998</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Agus Sujanto, <i>Psikologi Umum, </i>Jakarta:
Bumi Aksara, 2009</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">F, Patty, dkk, <i>Pengantar Psikologi Umum,</i>Surabaya:
Usaha Nasional, 1982</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kartini kartono, <i>Psikologi Umum, </i>Bandung:
CV. Mandar Maju, 1990</span></div>
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<br />
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a>
Abu Ahmadi, Psikologi Umum, <span lang="IN">(Jakarta:
Rineka Cipta, 1998), </span>hal 63</div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Agus Sujanto, <i>Psikologi Umum, </i>(Jakarta:
Bumi Aksara, 2009), hal 23</span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Kartini Kartono,<i> Psikologi Umum,</i>
(Bandung: CV Mandar Maju, 1990), hal 52</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Agus Sujanto, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal 24</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a>
Kartini Kartono<span lang="IN">, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal
55</span></div>
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<div id="ftn6" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Agus Sujanto, <i>Op, Cit,</i> hal 21</span></div>
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<div id="ftn7" style="mso-element: footnote;">
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></a>
Kartini Kartono, <i><span lang="IN">Op, Cit</span>,</i>
hal 58</div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a>
F. patty, dkk, <i><span lang="IN">Pengantar
Psikologi Umum, </span></i><span lang="IN">(Surabaya:
Usaha Nasional, 1982) hal 61</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Agus Sujanto,<i> Op, Cit,</i> hal 37</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span></span></a>
Abu ahmadi. <i><span lang="IN">Op. Cit, </span></i><span lang="IN">hal 68</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Kartini kartono, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal
61</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Abu Ahmadi, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal 69</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span></span></a>
F. Patty, dkk, <i>Op, Cit, </i>53</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span></span></a>
Kartini Kartono, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal 62</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">F. Patty. Dkk, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal
53</span></div>
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<div id="ftn16" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3650961747652426983#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[16]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Agus sujanto, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal 39</span></div>
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</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-16470244978249208092012-05-11T01:43:00.000-07:002012-05-24T01:28:50.241-07:00MAKALAH FUNGSI DAN TUJUAN EVALUASI PENDIDIKAN<br />
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<b><u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">TUGAS TERSTRUKTUR<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">DOSEN PENGAJAR<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">EVALUASI PENDIDIKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Dr. Dina Hermina, M. Pd.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">FUNGSI DAN TUJUAN EVALUASI
PENDIDIKAN <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><img alt="IAIN" height="192" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_1" width="200" /></span></i></b><b><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">OLEH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">RAFI’ATUN NAJAH
QOMARIAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1101230522<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">SYARIFAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1101230526<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">WAHIDDIANNOR<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">1101230530<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI ANTASARI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">FAKULTAS TARBIYAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN BAHASA ARAB</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">BANJARMASIN</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">2012<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB I</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">PENDAHULUAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Latar belakang<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Setiap
perbuatan dan tindakan dalam pendidikan selalu menghendaki hasil. Pendidik
selalu berharap bahwa hasil yang diperoleh sekarang lebih baik dan memuaskan
dari hasil yang diperoleh sebelumnya, untuk menentukan dan membandingkan antara
satu hasil dengan lainnya diperlukan adanya evaluasi.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Diakui bahwa kritik-kritik
sering muncul tentang sistem pendidikan yang sering berubah dan tidak <span style="letter-spacing: -0.9pt;">seimbang. Kurikulum yang kurang tepat dengan mata
pelajaran yang terlalu banyak dan tidak berfokus pada hal-hal yang
seharusnya diberikan dan lain sebagainya. untuk mengatasi</span>masalah yang
seperti ini perlu adanya evaluasi pendidikan, agar setiap kekurangan ataupun<span style="letter-spacing: -0.9pt;">kegagalan pada kurikulum yang diajarkan bisa
diperbaiki pada kurikulum yang akan datang.Ruang lingkup pendidikan sangat
luas, mulai dari masukan(input), proses sampaihasil (output) yang diperoleh.
Ketika proses pembelajaran dipandang sebagai proses perubahan tingkah laku
siswa, peran penilaian dalam proses pembelajaran menjadi sangat penting.
Penilaian dalam proses pembelajaran merupakan suatu proses untuk mengumpulkan,</span>menganalisa
dan menginterpretasi informasi untuk mengetahui tingkat pencapaian
tujuan pembelajaran. untuk mengetahui apakah proses yang dilakukan itu
sudah sesuai dengan<span style="letter-spacing: -0.9pt;">tujuannya maka harus
dilakukan umpan balik.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rumusan Masalah<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apa Fungsi
evaluasi pendidikan itu?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apa
saja Tujuan Evaluasi Pendidikan?</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB II</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">TUJUAN DAN FUNGSI EVALUASI PENDIDIKAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi evaluasi pendidikan <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Secara umum, evaluasi sebagai suatu tindakan atau proses
setidak-tidaknya memiliki tiga macam fungsi pokok, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menguukur
kemajuan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penunjang
penyusunan rencana<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memperbaiki
atau melakukan penyempurnaan kembali<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika dilihat dari fungsi diatas setidaknya ada dua macam
kemungkinan hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan evaluasi , yaitu: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hasil
evaluasi yang diperoleh dari kegiatan evaluasi itu ternyata mengembirakan,
sehingga dapat memberikan rasa lega bagi evaluator, sebab tujuan yang telah
ditentukan dapat dicapai sesuai dengan yang direncanakan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Hasil
evaluasi itu ternyata tidak mengembirakan atau bahkan mengkhawatirkan, dengan
alasan bahwa berdsar hasil evaluasi ternyata dijumpai adanya penyimpangan,
hambatan, atau kendala, sehingga mengharuskan evaluator untuk bersikap waspada.
Ia perlu memikirkan dan melakukan pengkajian ulang terhadap rencana yang telah
disusun, atau mengubah dan memperbaiki cara pelaksanaannya. Berdasar data hasil evaluasi itu selanjutnya dicari
metode-metode lain yang dipandang lebih tepat dan lebih sesuai dengan keadaan
dan keperluan. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa pungsi evaluasi itu
memiliki fungsi: menunjang penyusunan rencana.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sedangkan secara khusus, fungsi evaluasi dalam dunia pendidikan
dapat dilihat dari 3 segi:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Segi
psikologis, kegiatan evaluasi dalam dunia pendidikan disekolah dapat disoroti
dari 2 sisi, yaitu sisi peserta didik dan dari sisi pendidik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagi
peserta didik, evaluasi pendidikan secara psikologis akan memberikan pedoman
atau pegangan batin kepada mereka untuk mengenal kapasitas dan status dirinya
masing-masing ditengah-tengah kelompok atau kelasnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagi
pendidik, evaluasi pendidikan akan memberikan kapasitas atau ketepatan hati
kepada diri pendidik tersebut, sudah sejauh manakah kiranya usaha yang telah
dilakukannya selama ini yang telah membawa hasil, sehingga secara psikologis ia
memiliki pedoman guna menentukan langkah-langkah apa saja perlu dilakukan
selanjutnya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Segi
didaktik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagi
peserta didik, evaluasi pendidikan secara didaktik(khususnya evaluasi hasil
belajar) akan dapat memberikan dorongan (motivasi) kepada mereka untuk dapat
memperbaiki, meningkatkan, dan mempertahankan prestasinya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagi
pendidik, evaluasi pendidikan secara didaktik itu setidak-tidaknya memiliki 5
macam fungsi, yaitu:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberikan
landasan untuk menilai hasil usaha (prestasi) yang telah dicapai oleh peserta
didiknya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberikan
informasi yang sangat berguna, guna mengetahui posisi masing-masing peserta
didik di tengah-tengah kelompoknya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberikan
bahan yang penting untuk memilih dan kemudian menetapkan status peserta didik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberikan
pedoman untuk mencari dan menemukan jalan keluar bagi peserta didik yang memang
memerlukannya.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">e.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberikan
petunjuk tentang sejauh manakah program pengajaran yang telah ditetukan dapat
dicapai.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 57.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Segi
administratif, evaluasi pendidikan setidak-tidaknya memiliki 3 macam fungsi:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberikan
laporan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberikan
bahan-bahan keterangan (data)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 93.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Memberikan
gambaran<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika ditinjau dari berbagai segi dalam sistem pendidikan, maka
fungsi evaluasi ada beberapa hal;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Evaluasi
berfungsi selektif<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan cara mengadakan evaluasi guru mempunyai cara untuk
mengadakan seleksi terhadap siswanya. Seleksi itu sendiri mempunyai berbagai
tujuan, antara lain;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">a)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
memilihg siswa yang dapat diterima di sekolah tertentu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">b)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
memilih siswa yang dapat naik ke kelas atau tingkat berikutnya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">c)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
memilih siswa yang seharusnya mendapat beasiswa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">d)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
memilih siswa yang sudah berhak meninggalkan sekolah dan sebagainya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Evaluasi
berfungsi diagnostic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Apabila alat yang digunakan dalam evaluasi cukup memenuhi
persyaratan, maka dengan melihat hasilnya, guru akan mengetahui kelemahan
siswa. Di samping itu diketahui pula sebab-musabab kelemahan itu. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Evaluasi
berfungsi sebagai penempatan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">System baru yang kini banyak dipipulerkan di negeri barat, adalah
system belajar sendiri. Belajar sendiri dapat dilakukan dengan cara mempelajari
sebuah paket belajar, baik itu berbentuk modul maupun paket belajar yang lain.
Sebagai alasan dari timbulnya system ini adalah adanya pengakuan yang besar
terhadap kemampuan individual. Akan tetapi disebabkan keterbatasan sarana dan
tenaga, pendidikan, yang bersifat individual kadang-kadang sukar sekali di
laksanakan. Pendekatan yang lebih bersifat melayani perbedaan kemampuan, adalah
pengajaran secara kelompok. Untuk dapat menentukan dengan pastidi kelompok mana
seorang siswa harus ditempatkan, digunakan suatu evaluasi. Sekelompok siswa
yang mempunyai hasil evaluasi yang sama, akan berada dalam kelompok yang sama dalam
belajar.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 39.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Evaluasi
berfungsi sebagai pengukuran keberhasilan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Fungsi keempat dari evaluasi ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui
sejauh mana suatu program berhasil diterapkan. Keberhasilan program ditentukan
oleh beberapa factor guru, metode mengajar, kurikulum, sarana dan system
kurikulum.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Adapun fungsi Evaluasi dalam proses pengembangan system pendidikan
dimaksudkan untuk;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Perbaikan
system<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pertanggungjawaban
kepada pemerintah dan masyarakat <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penentuan
tindak lanjut hasil pengembangan<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kalau dilihat dari prinsip evaluasi yang terdapat pada Al-qur’an
dan praktek yang dilakukan oleh Rasulullah SAW.
Maka evaluasi berfungsi sebagai berikut<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></a>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
menguji daya kemampuan manusi beriman terhadap berbagai macam problema
kehidupan yang dihadapi (QS. Al-Baqarah 155)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
mengetahui sejauh mana atau sampai dimana hasil pendidikan wahyu yg telah
diaplikasikan Rasulullah SAW kepada umatnya (QS. An-Naml 40)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="RTL" style="direction: rtl; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 4.25pt; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.25pt; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt;">ترتبط وظائف
التقويم بالغاية المحددة له، أو بطبيعة القرار الذي سيتم اتخاذه. فاللجوء إلى
التقويم يتم في فترات مختلفة، لمعرفة هل بإمكان التلميذ أن ينجح (</span><b><span lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt;">المصادقة</span></b><span lang="AR-MA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 16pt;"> على
التعلم)، أو هل هناك صعوبات تحول دون استيعاب التعلمات (تعديل النشاط التربوي)، أو
هل يتوفر على الأسس الضرورية لمتابعة التعلم </span><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">توجيه</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span>.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></b></span></span></a></span></b><span dir="LTR" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan Evaluasi Pendidikan<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<strong><i><span style="color: #003300; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan evaluasi</span></i></strong><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> adalah untuk melihat dan mengetahui proses yang terjadi dalam
proses pembelajaran. Proses pembelajaran memiliki 3 hal penting yaitu, input,
transformasi dan output. Input adalah peserta didik yang telah dinilai
kemampuannya dan siap menjalani proses pembelajaran. Transformasi adalah segala
unsur yang terkait dengan proses pembelajaran yaitu ; guru, media dan bahan
beljar, metode pengajaran, sarana penunjang dan sistem administrasi. Sedangkan
output adalah capaian yang dihasilkan dari proses pembelajaran.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jika
kita ingin melakukan kegiatan evaluasi, terlepas dari jenis evaluasi apa yang
digunakan, maka guru harus mengetahui dan memahami terlebih dahulu tentang
tujuan dan fungsi evaluasi. Bila tidak, maka guru akan mengalami kesulitan
merencanakan dan melaksanakan evaluasi. Hampir setiap orang yang membahas
evaluasi pula tentang tujuan dan fungsi evaluasi. Tujuan evaluasi pembelajaran
adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan dan efisiensi sistem pembelajaran, baik
yang menyangkut tentang tujuan materi, metode, media sumber belajar, lingkungan
maupun sistem penilaian itu sendiri. Sedangkan tujuan khusus evaluasi
pembelajaran disesuaikan dengan jenis
evaluasi pembelajaran itu sendiri, seperti evaluasi perencanaan dan
pengembangan, evaluasi monitoring, evaluasi dampak, evaluasi efisinensi-ekonomi,
dan evaluasi program komprehensif.<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"> <a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam
konteks yang lebih lulas lagi, Gilbert Sax (1980 : 28) mengemukakan tujuan
evaluasi dan pengukuran adalah untuk
“selection, placement, diagnosis and remediation, feedback :
norm-referenced and criterion-referenced interpretation, motivation and
guidance of learning, program and curriculum interpretation, formative and
summative evaluation, and theory development”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan
utama melakukan evaluasi dalam proses belajar mengajar adalah untuk mendapatkan
informasi yang akurat mengenai tingkat pencapaian tujuan instruksional oleh
siswa sehingga dapat diupayakan tindak lanjutnya. Tindak lanjut termaksud
merupakan fungsi evaluasi dan dapat berupa<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></span></a>:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penempatan
pada tempat yang tepat <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemberian
umpan balik<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Diagnosis
kesulitan belajar siswa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penentuan
kelulusan<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB III<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">SIMPULAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Seorang pendidik melakukan Evaluasi disekolah mempunyai fungsi
sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
mengetahui peserta didik yang mana yang terpandai dan terbodoh di kelasnya<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
mengetahui apakah bahan yang telah
diajarkan sudah dimiliki oleh peserta didik atau belum<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk
mendorong persaingan yang sehat antara </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">sesama peserta didik </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk mengetahui kemajuan dan perkembangan
peserta didik setelah mengelami didikan dan ajaran</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Untuk mengetahui tepat atau tidaknya guru
memilih bahan, metode dan berbagai penyesuaian dalam kelas.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sebagai laporan terhadap orangtua peserta
didik dalam rapor, ijazah, piagam dan lain sebagainya.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan evaluasi pembelajaran adalah untuk menghimpun informasi yang
dijadikan dasar untuk mengetahui taraf kemajuan, perkembangan, dan pencapaian
belajar siswa, serta keefektifan pengajaran guru.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Anas </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sudijono, <i>Pengantar Evaluasi Pendidikan, </i>Jakarta: PT Rajawali
Grafindo Persada, 2003<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Daryanto, <i>Evaluasi Pendidikan, </i>Jakarta:
Rineka Cipta, 2010</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">http://majala.educa.ass.ma/articles.php?lng=ar&pg=69<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ramayulis, </span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ilmu Pendidikan Islam, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jakarta: Radar Jaya Offset, 2008<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Suharsimi Arikunto, <i>Dasar-dasar Evaluasi
Pendidikan, </i>Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 1995<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Zainal Arifin, <i>Evaluasi Pembelajaran, </i>Jakarta:
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Islam Dapartemen Agama RI, 2009<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div>
<br />
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">Anas Sudijono,</span><span lang="IN"> </span><i>Pengantar
evaluasi pendidikan</i><i><span lang="IN">, </span></i><span lang="IN">(Jakarta: PT Rajawali Grafindo Persada,
2003) hal 8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a>
<span lang="IN">Anas Sudijono, <i>Ibid, </i>hal 14<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a>
Daryanto, <i>Evaluasi Pendidikan, </i>(Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2010) hal, 16</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a>
Dr. suharsimi Arikunto, <i>Dasar-dasar Evaluasi pendidikan, </i>(Jakarta: Bumi
Aksara, 1995) hal 11.</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a>
Daryanto, <i>Op, Cit. </i>hal 17</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></a>
Ramayulis, <i>Ilmu Pendidikan Islam, </i>(Jakarta: Radar Jaya Offset, 2008) hal
224</div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt;">http://majala.educa.ass.ma/articles.php?lng=ar&pg=69<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Zainal
Arifin, <i>Evaluasi Pembelajaran</i>, (Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan
islam Departemen Agama RI, 2009)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20EVALUASI%20PENDIDIKAN%202012.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></span></a>
Daryanto, <i>Op, Cit, </i>hal 11 </div>
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</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3650961747652426983.post-43684150454816129902012-05-09T22:17:00.001-07:002012-05-24T01:29:49.276-07:00makalah bani Umayyah 2 (Spanyol)<div style="text-align: center;">
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<b><u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">TUGAS TERSTRUKTUR<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">DOSEN PENGAJAR<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b>SEJARAH PERADABAN ISLAM</b></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Asikin Noor, M. Ag.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">SEJARAH PERADABAN ISLAM MASA BANI UMAYYAH SPANYOL<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Di susun oleh: kelompok 3</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rafi’atun Najah Qomariah :
1101230522<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Rahmah</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> : 1101230523</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Siti</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Aisyah </span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> : 11012305</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">31<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><img alt="IAIN" height="215" src="file:///C:/Users/TOSHIBA/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_1" width="223" /></span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI ANTASARI<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">FAKULTAS TARBIYAH<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN BAHASA ARAB</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">BANJARMASIN</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Arial Rounded MT Bold', sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">2012<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB I</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sejarah telah menuliskan, bahwa pada masa yang silam kemajuan peradaban
manusia terjadi pada masa kekuasaan Islam di hampir semua belahan dunia. Disaat
di Eropa sedang berada dalam masa kegelapan (<i>the darkness</i>), di dunia
Islam sendiri sedang berada dalam masa kejayaan. Baghdad dan Cordova merupakan
salah satu bukti betapa tinggi dan majunya peradaban Islam pada masa itu. Pada
masa kekuasaan Khalifah Bani Umayyah al Muntashir di Andaluisa, selain
istana-istana yang megah, jalan-jalan sudah diperkeras dan diberi penerangan
pada malam hari, padahal pada saat itu di London hampir tidak ada satupun
lentera yang menerangi jalan, dan di Paris di musim hujan lumpur bisa mencapai mata
kaki. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari sisi ilmu pengetahuan, tidak hanya dari kalangan muslim sendiri,
orang-orang barat pun telah mengakui, bahwa sebagian besar dasar-dasar ilmu
pengetahuan di lahirkan oleh para ilmuwan muslim. Begitu pula dengan masa
kebangkitan Eropa yang tidak lepas dari pengaruh perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan
di dunia Islam, dimana para pelajar-pelajar dari Eropa telah dikirim ke Baghdad
dan Cordova untuk menggali ilmu pengetahuan di sana. Di bidang-bidang ilmu
keIslaman, perkembangan sastra dan bahasa Arab secara meluas terjadi pada masa
Umayyah. Selain itu lahir pula ulama-ulama besar. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Oleh karena itu, meneliti kembali sejarah Bani Umayyah menjadi penting
adanya, sebab peradaban masa kini merupakan bagian dari rantai sejarah yang
tidak putus dan dengan meneliti dan memahami sejarah peradaban Islam pada masa
Bani Umayyah II di Andalusia kita akan dapat memetakan rentetan sejarah
peradaban Islam yang merupakan bagian dari rantai evolusi hingga masa kini.</span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB II</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMBAHASAN<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">BANI UMAYYAH SPANYOL</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Penaklukan </span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Spanyol</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> dan</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> sejarah</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> terbentuknya dinasti Umayyah Spanyol</span></b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Spanyol/Andalusia di kuasai oleh umat Islam pada
zaman Khalifah Al-Walid (705-715 M) salah seorang khalifah Daulah Umayah yang
berpusat di Damaskus.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></a> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bani Umayyah merebut </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Spanyol</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> dari bangsa Gothia pada
masa khalifah al Walid ibn ‘Abd al Malik (86-96/705-715). Penaklukan Spanyol
diawali dengan pengiriman 500 orang tentara muslim dibawah pimpinan Tarif ibn
Malik pada tahun 91/710. Pengiriman pasukan Tarif dilakukan atas undangan salah
satu raja Gothia Barat, dimana salah satu putri ratu Julian yang sedang belajar
di Toledo (ibu kota Visigoth) telah diperkosa oleh raja Roderick. Karena
kemarahan dan kekecewaannya, umat Islam diminta untuk membantu melawan raja
Roderick. Pasukan Tarifa mendarat di sebuah tempat yang kemudian diberi nama
Tarifa. Ekspedisi ini berhasil, dan Tarifa kembali ke Afrika Utara dengan
membawa banyak Ghanimah. Musa ibn Nushair, Gubernur Jenderal al Maghrib di
Afrika Utara pada masa itu, kemudian mengirimkan 7000 orang tentara di bawah
pimpinan Thariq ibn Ziyad. Ekspedisi II ini mendarat di bukit karang Giblartar
(<i>Jabal al Thariq</i>) pada tahun 92/711. Sehubungan Tentara Gothia yang akan
dihadapi berjumlah 100.000 orang, maka Musa Ibn Nushair menambah pasukan Thariq
menjadi 12.000 orang<span style="color: blue;">.</span><a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pertempuran pecah di dekat muara sungai Salado (<i>Lagund Janda</i>) pada
bulan Ramadhan 92/19 Juli 711. Pertempuran ini mengawali kemenangan Thariq
dalam pertempuran-pertempuran berikutnya, sampai akhirnya ibu kota Gothia Barat
yang bernama Toledo dapat direbut pada bulan September tahun itu juga. Bulan
Juni 712 Musa ibn Nushair berangkat ke Andalusia membawa 18.000 orang tentara
dan menyerang kota-kota yang belum ditaklukan oleh Thariq sampai pada bulan
Juni tahun berikutnya. Di kota kecil Talavera Thariq menyerahkan kepemimpinan
kepada Musa, dan pada saat itu pula Musa mengumumkan bahwa Andalusia menjadi
bagian dari wilayah kekuasaan Bani Umayyah yang berpusat di Damaskus.
Penaklukan Islam di Andaluisa oleh Thariq hampir meliputi seluruh wilayah
bagiannya, keberhasilannya tidak terlepas dari bantuan Musa ibn Al Nushair.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Ketika Daulah Bani Umayyah Damaskus runtuh pada tahun 132/750, Andalusia
menjadi salah satu provinsi dari Daulah Bani Abbas. Salah satu pangeran Dinasti
Umayyah yang bernama Abd al Rahman ibn Mu’awwuyah, cucu khalifah Umawiyah
kesepuluh Hisyam Ibn Abd al Malik berhasil melarikan diri dari kejaran-kejaran </span><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">orang-orang
Abbasiyah setelah runtuhnya pemerintahan Bani Umayyah di Damaskus </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dan menginjakan kaki di Spanyol. Atas keberhasilannya meloloskan diri ia
diberi gelar al Dâkhil. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keberhasilan pemuda 21 tahun itu, merupakan sejarah menarik dalam sejarah
peradaban islam. Dalam pengepungan yang dilakukan oleh pengikut Abbasyiah, ia
berhasil lolos dan bersembunyi dirumah seorang arab badui ditepi sungai
Euffart, akan tetapi para pengepung itu muncul dekat dengan tempat
persenbunyiannya lalu Abdurrahman mencuburkan diri kesungai dan selamat sampai
keseberang. Lolos dari pengepungan itu Abdurrahman ke Spanyol setelah melewati
Palestina, Mesir, dan Afrika Utara selama 5 tahun, tetapi ketika di Afrika
Utara ia hampir dibunuh oleh gubernur setempat.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kedatangan Abdurrahman di bumi Spanyol disambut baik oleh penduduk di
beberapa kota di bagian selatan, dan menjadikannya sebagai penguasa mereka.
Misalnya, Sidona dan Sevilla. Akan tetapi ada juga penguasa yang tidak menyukai
kedatangan abdurrahman yaitu Yusuf ibn Rahman Al-fihri, gubernur Spanyol
(Andalusia) waktu itu. Ketika Abdurrahman dan pengikutnya ke Coedoba. Yusuf
al-fihri mempersiapkan pasukannya untuk menghadang Abdurrahman, dan kedua
pasukan ini bertemu di Bakkah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada tahun 138/756 al Dâkhil berhasil menyingkirkan Yusuf ibn Abd al rahman
al Fihri yang menyatakan diri tunduk kepada dinasti Bani Abbas, dan sejak saat
itu ia memporklamirkan bahwa Spanyol lepas dari kekuasaan Dinasti Bani Abbas.
Al Dâkhil memproklamirkan diri sebagai khalifah dengan gelar <i>amîr al
mu’minîn</i>. Sejak saat itulah babak kedua kekuasan Dinasti Ummayah dimulai. </span><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pemerintahan Bani
Umayyah Spanyol (Bani Umayyah II) merupakan pemerintahan pertama yang
memisahkan diri dari dunia pemerintahan Islam Dinasti Abbasiyah. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pendirinya adalah Abdurrahman ad
Dakhil bin Mu’awiyah bin Hisyam bin Abd Malik al Umawi.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span style="background-color: white;">Karena pengaruhnya semakin besar dan keadaan berada
dibawah kendalinya, maka Abu ja’far al Manshur mengirimkan pasukannya beberapa
kali untuk mengalahkan Abdurrahman. Namun, usahanya untuk mengalahkan
Abdurrahman selalu tidak berhasil. Karena itulah, dia memberinya gelar “Shaqr
Quraisy” karena dia sangat kagum padanya dan akhirnya berhenti memeranginya.</span></span><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dengan demikian, maka dimulailah peradaban
Islam baru di </span><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Spanyol</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> yang dinamakan Dinasti Umayyah </span><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Spanyol (Umayyah
II)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">B.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Masa Pemerintahan Bani Umayyah Spanyol<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Diantara khalifah
- khalifah Umayyah II yang terkemuka diantaranya:</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br />
<span style="background-color: white;">* Abdurrahman ad Dakhil (755-788 M)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">* Al Hakam bin
Hisyam (796-821 M)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">* Abdurrahman
ibnul Hakam (821-852 M)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">* Muhammad bin
Abdurrahman (852-886 M)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">* Abdullah bin
Muhammad (889-912 M)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">* Abdurrahman bin
Muhammad (912-961 M)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Al Dâkhil berhasil meletakan sendi dasar yang kokoh bagi tegaknya Daulah
bani Umayyah II di Spanyol. Pusat kekuasan Umayyah di Spanyol dipusatkan di
Cordova sebagai ibu kotanya. Al Dâkhil berkuasa selama 32 tahun, dan selama
masa kekuasaannya ia berhasil mengatasi berbagai masalah dan ancaman, baik
pemberontakan dari dalam maupun serangan musuh dari luar. Ketangguhan al Dâkhil
sangat disegani dan ditakuti, karenanya ia dijuliki sebagai <i>Rajawali Quraisy</i>.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">masa didirikannya dinasti Umayyah II</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> ini, umat Islam Spanyol mulai memperoleh
kemajuan-kemajuan baik dibidang politik maupun bidang peradaban. Abd al-Rahman
al-Dakhil mendirikan masjid Cordova dan sekolah-sekolah di kota-kota besar
Spanyol. Hisyam dikenal sebagai pembaharu dalam bidang kemiliteran. Dialah yang
memprakarsai tentara bayaran di Spanyol. Sedangkan Abd al-Rahman al-Ausath
dikenal sebagai penguasa yang cinta ilmu. Pemikiran filsafat juga mulai pada
periode ini, terutama di zaman Abdurrahman al-Ausath.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span lang="IN">Bani Umayyah II mencapai puncak kejayaannya pada masa al
Nashir dan kekuasaannya masih tetap dapat dipertahankan hingga masa
kepemimpinan Hakam II al Muntashir (350-366/961-976).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">P</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">ada pertengahan
abad ke-9 stabilitas negara terganggu dengan munculnya gerakan Kristen fanatik
yang mencari kesahidan (Martyrdom)<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a>.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Gangguan
politik yang paling serius pada periode ini datang dari umat Islam sendiri.
Golongan pemberontak di Toledo pada tahun 852 M membentuk negara kota yang
berlangsung selama 80 tahun. Di samping itu sejumlah orang yang tak puas
membangkitkan revolusi. Yang terpenting diantaranya adalah pemberontakan yang
dipimpin oleh Hafshun dan anaknya yang berpusat di pegunungan dekat Malaga.
Sementara itu, perselisihan antara orang-orang Barbar dan orang-orang Arab
masih sering terjadi<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></a></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Namun ada yang berpendapat pada masa ini dibagi menjadi dua yaitu masa
KeAmiran (755-912) dan masa ke Khalifahan (912-1013)<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></a>. Jadi Gelar
yang digunakan pada masa dinasti ini adalah Amîr, dan ini tetap dipertahankan
oleh penerusnya sampai awal pemerintahan amir kedelapan Abd al Rahman III
(300-350/912-961). Proklamasi Khilafah Fathimiyyah di <i>Ifriqiyah </i>(297/909,
serta merosotnya kekuatan Daulah Abasiyyah sepeninggal al Mutawakkil
(232-247/847-861) mendorong Abd al rahman III untuk memproklamasikan diri
sebagai khalifah dan bergelar <i>amîr al mu’minîn</i>.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></a> Ia juga
menambahkan gelar al Nashir dibelakang namanya mengikuti tradisi dua khalifah
lainnya. Jadi penggunaan khalifah tersebut bermula dari berita yang sampai
kepada Abdurrahman III, bahwa Muktadir, Khalifah daulah Bani Abbas di Baghdad
meninggal dunia dibunuh oleh pengawalnya sendiri. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Menurut
penilainnya, keadaan ini menunjukkan bahwa suasana pemerintahan Abbasiyah
sedang berada dalam kemelut. Ia berpendapat bahwa saat ini merupakan saat yang
tepat untuk memakai gelar khalifah yang telah hilang dari kekuasaan Bani
Umayyah selama 150 tahun lebih. Karena itulah gelar ini dipakai mulai tahun 929
M. Khalifah-khalifah besar yang memerintah pada </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">masa</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> ini ada tiga
orang yaitu Abd al-Rahman al-Nasir (912-961 M), Hakam II (961-976 M), dan
Hisyam II (976-1009 M). </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
Pada periode ini umat Islam Spanyol mencapai puncak kemajuan dan
kejayaan menyaingi kejayaan daulat Abbasiyah di Baghdad. Abd al-Rahman al-Nasir
mendirikan universitas Cordova<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
Akhirnya pada tahun 1013 M, Dewan Menteri yang memerintah Cordova
menghapuskan jabatan khalifah. Ketika itu Spanyol sudah terpecah dalam banyak
sekali negara kecil yang berpusat di kota-kota tertentu. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kekuasaan Umayyah mulai menurun setelah al Muntashiru wafat. Ia digantikan
oleh putera mahkota Hisyam II yang beru berusia 10 tahun. Hisyam II dinobatkan
menjadi khalifah dengan gelar <i>al Mu’ayyad</i>. Muhammad ibn Abi Abi Amir al
Qahthani yang merupakan hakim Agung pada masa al Muntashir berhasil mengambil
alih seluruh kekuasaan dan menempatkan khalifah dibawah pengaruhnya. ia
memaklumkan dirinya sebagai al Malik al Manshur Billah (366-393/976-1003) dan
ia terkenal dalam sejarah dengan sebutan <i>Hajib al Manshur</i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kekuasaan Hakim Agung al Manshur diteruskan oleh Abd al Malik ibn Muhammad
yang bergelar al Malik al Mudhaffar (393-399/1003-1009). Pada masa selanjutnya
al Mudhaffar digantikan oleh Abd al rahman ibn Muhammad yang bergelar al Malik
al Nashir li Dinillah (399/1009) dan sejak saat itu kestabilan politik Umayyah
mulai merosot dengan terjadinya berbegai kemelut di dalam negeri yang akhirnya
meruntuhkan dinasti Umayyah.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keruntuhan Bani Umyyah diawali dengan pemecatan al Mu’ayyad sebagai
khalifah oleh sejumlah pemuka-pemuka Bani Umayyah. Kemudia para pemuka tersebut
bersedia mengangkat al Nashir sebagai khalifah. Akan tetapi pada kenyataanya
dengan turunnya al Mu’ayyad perebutan kursi khilafah menjadi tidak bias
dihindari. Dalam tempo 22 tahun terjadi 14 kali pergantian khalifah, yang
umumnya melalui kudeta,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">dan lima orang khalifah
diantaranya naik tahta dua kali. Daulah Umawiyah akhirnya runtuh ketika
Khalifah Hisyam III ibn Muhammad III yang bergelar al Mu’tadhi
(418-422/1027-1031) disingkirkan oleh sekelompok angkatan bersenajata.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">C.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Eksisitensi Bani Umayyah spanyol<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kemajuan Peradaban Dinasti Umayyah II</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam masa lebih
dari tujuh abad kekuasaan Islam di Spanyol, umat Islam telah mencapai
kejayaannya di sana. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Banyak prestasi yang mereka peroleh, bahkan pengaruhnya
membawa Eropa dan kemudian dunia, kepada kemajuan yang lebih kompleks. Diantara
kemajuan tersebut diantaranya</span><span lang="IN" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kemajuan Intelektual</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN">Masyarakat Spanyol Islam merupakan masyarakat
majemuk yang terdiri dari komunitas-komunitas Arab (Utara dan Selatan),
al-Muwalladun (orang-orang Spanyol yang masuk Islam), Barbar (umat Islam yang
berasal dari Afrika Utara), al-Shaqalibah (penduduk daerah antara
Konstantinopel dan Bulgaria yang menjadi tawanan Jerman dan dijual kepada
penguasa Islam untuk dijadikan tentara bayaran), Yahudi, Kristen Muzareb yang
berbudaya Arab dan Kristen yang masih menentang kehadiran Islam. Semua
komunitas itu, kecuali yang terakhir, memberikan saham intelektual terhadap
terbentuknya lingkungan budaya Andalus yang melahirkan kebangkitan ilmiah,
sastra, dan pembangunan fisik di Spanyol<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></a>.
Perkembangan tersebut meliputi:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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A.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><span dir="LTR"></span>Filsafat.</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Islam di
Spanyol telah mencatat satu lembaran budaya yang sangat brilian dalam bentangan
sejarah Islam. Ia berperan sebagai jembatan penyeberangan yang dilalui ilmu
pengetahuan Yunani-Arab ke Eropa pada abad ke-12. minat terhadap filsafat dan
ilmu pengetahuan mulai dikembangkan pada abad ke-9 M selama pemerintahan
penguasa Bani Umayyah yang ke-5, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman (832-886 M). <span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Tokoh
utama pertama dalam sejarah filsafat Arab-Spanyol adalah Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn
al-Sayigh yang lebih dikenal dengan Ibn Bajjah. Tokoh utama yang kedua adalah
Abu Bakr ibn Thufail, penduduk asli Wadi Asa, sebuah dusun kecil di sebelah
timur Granada dan wafat pada usia lanjut tahun 1185 M.<br />
Bagian akhir abad ke-12 M menjadi saksi munculnya seorang pengikut Aristoteles
yang terbesar di gelanggang filsafat dalam Islam, yaitu Rusyd dari Cordova<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">.</span> la lahir tahun 1126 M dan
meninggal tahun 1198 M. Ciri khasnya adalah kecermatan dalam menafsirkan
naskah-naskah Aristoteles dan kehati-hatian dalam menggeluti masalah-masalah
menahun tentang keserasian filsafat dan agama.<span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Pada abad
ke 12 diterjemahkan buku Al-Qanun karya Ibnu Sina (Avicenne) mengenai
kedokteran. Diahir abad ke-13 diterjemahkan pula buku Al-Hawi karya Razi yang
lebih luas dan lebih tebal dari Al-Qanun<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">.</span> Ibnu Rusyd memiliki sikap
realisme, rasionalisme, positivisme ilmiah Aristotelian. Sikap skeptis terhadap
mistisisme adalah basis di mana ia menyerang filsafat Al-Ghazali.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN">B.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN">Sains.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Abbas ibn
Farnas termasyhur dalam ilmu kimia dan astronomi. Ialah orang pertama yang
menemukan pembuatan kaca dari batu.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span></span></a>
Ibrahim ibn Yahya Al-Naqqash terkenal dalam ilmu astronomi. la dapat menentukan
waktu terjadinya gerhana matahari dan menentukan berapa lamanya. la juga
berhasil membuat teropong modern yang dapat menentukan jarak antara tata surya
dan bintang-bintang. Ahmad ibn Ibas dari Cordova adalah ahli dalam bidang
obat-obatan. Umm Al-Hasan bint Abi Ja’far dan saudara perempuan Al-Hafidz
adalah dua orang ahli kedokteran dari kalangan wanita.<span lang="IN"> Dan</span><span lang="IN"> </span>Fisika. Kitab
Mizanul Hikmah (The Scale of Wisdom), ditulis oleh Abdul Rahman al-Khazini pada
tahun 1121, adalah satu karya fundamental dalam ilmu fisika di Abad
Pertengahan, mewujudkan “tabel berat jenis benda cair dan padat dan berbagai
teori dan kenyataan yang berhubungan dengan fisika.<span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
Dalam bidang sejarah dan geografi, wilayah
Islam bagian barat melahirkan banyak pemikir terkenal. Ibn Jubair dari Valencia
(1145-1228 M) menulis tentang negeri-negeri muslim Mediterania dan Sicilia dan
Ibn Bathuthah dari Tangier (1304-1377 M) mencapai Samudra Pasai dan Cina. Ibn
Khaldun (1317-1374 M) menyusun riwayat Granada, sedangkan Ibn Khaldun dart Tum
adalah perumus filsafat sejarah. Semua sejarawan di atas bertempat tinggal di
Spanyol yang kemudian pindah ke Afrika. <span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
C.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN">Fiqih.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Dalam
bidang fikih, Spanyol dikenal sebagai penganut mazhab Maliki. Yang
memperkenalkan mazhab ini disana adalah Ziyad ibn Abd al-Rahman. Perkembangan
selanjutnya ditentukan oleh Ibn Yahya yang menjadi qadhi pad masa Hisyam ibn
Abd al-Rahman. Ahli-ahli fikih lainnya yaitu Abu Bakr ibn al-Quthiyah, Munzir
ibn Sa’id al-Baluthi dan Ibn Hazm yang terkena<span lang="IN">l.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span></span></a></span> <span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN">D.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN">Musik dan Kesenian.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN">Seni musik Andalusia berkembang dengan datangnya Hasan
ibn Nafi’ yang lebih dikenal dengan panggilan Ziryab. Ia adalah seorang maula
dari Irak, murid Ishaq al Maushuli seorang musisi dan biduan kenamaan di istana
Harun al Rasyid. Ziryab tiba di Cordova pada tahun pertama pemerintahan Abd al
Rahman II al Autsath. Keahliannya dalam seni musik dan tarik suara berpengaruh
hingga masa sekarang. Hasan ibn Nafi’ dianggap sebagai peketak pertama dasar
dari musik Spanyol modern. Ialah yang memperkenalkan notasi
do-re-mi-fa-so-la-si. Notasi tersebut berasal dari huruf Arab.</span><span lang="IN"> </span>Studi-studi musikal Islam, seperti telah diprakarsai oleh para
teoritikus al-Kindi, Avicenna dan Farabi, telah diterjemahkan ke bahasa Hebrew
dan Latin sampai periode pencerahan Eropa. Banyak penulis-penulis dan musikolog
Barat setelah tahun 1200, Gundi Salvus, Robert Kilwardi, Ramon Lull, Adam de
Fulda, dan George Reish dan Iain-lain, menunjuk kepada terjemahan Latin dari
tulisan-tulisan musikal Farabi. Dua bukunya yang paling sering disebut adalah
De Scientiis dan De Ortu Scientiarum.<span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN">E.<span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN">Bahasa dan Sastra.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Bahasa Arab
telah menjadi bahasa administrasi dalam pemerintahan Islam di Spanyol. Hal itu
dapat diterima oleh orang-orang Islam dan non-Islam. Bahkan, penduduk asli
Spanyol menomor duakan bahasa asli mereka. Mereka juga banyak yang ahli dan
mahir dalam bahasa Arab, baik keterampilan berbicara maupun tata bahasa. Mereka
itu antara lain: Ibn Sayyidih, Ibn Malik pengarang Alfiyah, Ibn Khuruf, Ibn
Al-Hajj, Abu Ali Al-Isybili, Abu Al-Hasan Ibn Usfur, dan Abu Hayyan
Al-Gharnathi.<span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Pada permulaan abad IX M bahasa Arab sudah menjadi bahasa resmi di
Andalusia. Pada waktu itu seorang pendeta dari Sevilla menerjemahkan Taurat
kedalam bahasa Arab, karena hanya bahasa Arab yang dapat dimengerti oleh
murid-muridnya untuk memahami kitab suci agama mereka. Hal seperti itu terjadi
pula di Cordova dan Toledo. Menurut al Siba’i pada saat itu tidak jarang dari
penduduk setempat yang beragama Nashrani lebih fasih berbahasa Arab daripada
(sebagian) bangsa Arab sendiri<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Berikut ini nama-nama ilmuwan beserta bidang keahlian yang berkembang di
Andalusia masa dinasti Bani Umayyah : </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 30.25pt;" valign="top" width="40"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">No</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Nama</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Bidang
Keahlian</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Keterangan</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 30.25pt;" valign="top" width="40"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Abu Ubaidah Muslim Ibn Ubaidah al Balansi </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Astrolog , Ahli Hitung </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ahli gerakan bintang-bintang </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Dikenal sebagai <i>Shahih al Qiblat </i>karena banyak sekali mengerjakan
penetuan arah shalat. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 30.25pt;" valign="top" width="40"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Abu al Qasim Abbas ibn Farnas</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Astronomi</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Kimia </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ilmi kimia, baik kimia murni maupun terapan adalah dasar bagi ilmu
farmasi yang erat kaitannya dengan ilmu kedokteran. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 30.25pt;" valign="top" width="40"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ahmad ibn Iyas al Qurthubi</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Kedokteran </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Hidup pada masa Khalifah Muhammad I ibn abd al rahman II Ausath</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 30.25pt;" valign="top" width="40"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Al Harrani </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 30.25pt;" valign="top" width="40"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Yahya ibn Ishaq</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Hidup pada masa khalifah Badullah ibn Mundzir</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 30.25pt;" valign="top" width="40"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Abu Daud Sulaiman ibn Hassan </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Hidup pada masa awal khalifah al Mu’ayyad</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 30.25pt;" valign="top" width="40"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Abu al Qasim al Zahrawi</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Dokter Bedah</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Perintis ilmu penyakit
telinga</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Pelopor ilmu penyakit
kulit</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Di Barat dikenal dengan Abulcasis. Karyanya berjudul al Tashrif li man
‘Ajaza ‘an al Ta’lif, dimana pada abad XII telah diterjemahkan oleh Gerard of
Cremona dan dicetak ulang di Genoa (1497M), Basle (1541 M) dan di Oxford
(1778 M) buku tersebut menjadi rujukan di universitas-universitas di Eropa.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Abu Marwan Abd al Malik ibn Habib </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ahli sejarah, Penyair dan ahli nahwu sharaf</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">salah satu bukunya berjudul al Tarikh </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">9</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Yahya ibn Hakam </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Sejarah, Penyair </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">10</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Muhammad ibn Musa al razi </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Sejarah </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">wafat 273/886. Menetap di Andalusia pada tahun 250/863</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">11</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Abu Bakar Muhammad ibn Umar </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Sejarah </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Dikenal dengan Ibn Quthiyah , Wafat 367/977 dan Bukunya berjudul Tarikh
Iftitah al Andalus </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">12</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Uraib ibn Saad </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Sejarah</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Wafat 369/979, Meringkas Tarikh
al- thabari, menambahkan kepadanya tentang al Maghrib dan Andalusia,
disamping memberi catatan indek terhadap buku tersebut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">13</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Hayyan Ibn Khallaf ibn Hayyan </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Sejarah & sastra</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Wafat 469/1076, Karyanya : al
Muqtabis fi Tarikh Rija al Andalus dan al Matin. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">14</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 122.25pt;" valign="top" width="163"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Abu al Walid Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn al faradli. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 113.9pt;" valign="top" width="152"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Sejarah </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">- Penulis biografi</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; width: 135.0pt;" valign="top" width="180"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Lahir di Cordova tahun 351/962 dan wafat 403/1013. Salah satu karyanya
berjudul Tarikh Ulama’i al Andalus</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan yang pesat pada masa Umayyah tidak terlepas
dari kecintaan dan hasrat yang tinggi terhadap ilmu pengetahuan, tidak hanya
dikalangan penduduk akan tetapi juga terlebih di kalangan penguasa. Pada masa
al Muntashir terdapat tidak kurang dari 800 buah sekolah, 70 perpustakaan
pribadi disampin perpustakaan umum.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Kemegahan bangunan fisik.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Aspek-aspek
pembangunan fisik yang mendapat perhatian umat Islam sangat banyak. Dalam
perdagangan, jalan-jalan dan pasar-pasar dibangun. Bidang pertanian demikian
juga. Sistem irigasi baru diperkenalkan kepada masyarakat Spanyol yang tidak
mengenal sebelumnya. Dam-dam, kanal-kanal, saluran sekunder, tersier, dan
jembatan-jembatan air didirikan. Tempat-tempat yang tinggi, dengan begitu, juga
mendapat jatah air.</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Orang-orang
Arab memperkenalkan pengaturan hidrolik untuk tujuan irigasi. Kalau dam
digunakan untuk mengecek curah air, waduk (kolam) dibuat untuk konservasi
(penyimpanan air). Pengaturan hidrolik itu dibangun dengan memperkenalkan roda
air (water wheel) asal Persia yang dinamakan na’urah (Spanyol: Noria). Di
samping itu, orang-orang Islam juga memperkenalkan pertanian padi, perkebunan
jeruk, kebun-kebun, dan taman-taman<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[16]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Industri, di
samping pertanian dan perdagangan, juga merupakan tulang punggung ekonomi
Spanyol Islam. Di antaranya adalah tekstil, kayu, kulit, logam, dan industri
barang-barang tembikar.</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Namun
demikian, pembangunan-pembangunan fisik yang paling menonjol adalah pembangunan
gedung-gedung, seperti pembangunan kota, istana, mesjid, pemukiman, dan
taman-taman. Di antara pembangunan yang megah adalah mesjid Cordova, kota
Al-Zahra, Istana Ja’fariyah di Saragosa, tembok Toledo, istana Al-Makmun,
mesjid Seville, dan istana Al-Hamra di Granada.<span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<strong><span lang="IN">Faktor-Faktor Pendukung Kemajuan<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN">Spanyol Islam, kemajuannya sangat ditentukan oleh adanya
penguasa-penguasa yang kuat dan berwibawa, yang mampu mempersatukan
kekuatan-kekuatan umat Islam, seperti Abd al-Rahman al-Dakhil, Abd al-Rahman
al-Wasith dan Abd al-Rahman al-Nashir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Toleransi
beragama ditegakkan oleh para penguasa terhadap penganut agama Kristen dan
Yahudi, sehingga, mereka ikut berpartisipasi mewujudkan peradaban Arab Islam di
Spanyol. Untuk orang Kristen, sebagaimana juga orang-orang Yahudi, disediakan
hakim khusus yang menangani masalah sesuai dengan ajaran agama mereka
masing-masing.</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Masyarakat
Spanyol Islam merupakan masyarakat majemuk, terdiri dari berbagai komunitas,
baik agama maupun bangsa. Dengan ditegakkannya toleransi beragama,
komunitas-komunitas itu dapat bekerja sama dan menyumbangkan kelebihannya
masing-masing.</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Meskipun ada
persaingan yang sengit antara Abbasiyah di Baghdad dan Umayyah di Spanyol,
hubungan budaya dari Timur dan Barat tidak selalu berupa peperangan. Sejak abad
ke-11 M dan seterusnya, banyak sarjana mengadakan perjalanan dari ujung barat
wilayah Islam ke ujung timur, sambil membawa buku-buku dan gagasan-gagasan. Hal
ini menunjukkan bahwa, meskipun umat Islam terpecah dalam beberapa kesatuan
politik, terdapat api yang disebut kesatuan budaya dunia Islam<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[17]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">D.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Runtuhnya
Dinasti Bani Umayyah Spanyol (Cordova)<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b>1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><strong>Konflik Islam dengan
Kristen</strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Para penguasa
Muslim tidak melakukan Islamisasi secara sempurna. Mereka sudah merasa puas
dengan hanya menagih upeti dari kerajaan-kerajaan Kristen taklukannya dan
membiarkan mereka mempertahankan hukum dan adat mereka, termasuk posisi hirarki
tradisional, asal tidak ada perlawanan bersenjata.38 Namun demikian, kehadiran
Arab Islam telah memperkuat rasa kebangsaan orang-orang Spanyol Kristen. Hal
itu menyebabkan kehidupan negara Islam di Spanyol tidak pernah berhenti dari
pertentangan antara Islam dan Kristen. Pada abad ke-11 M umat Kristen
memperoleh kemajuan pesat, sementara umat Islam sedang mengalami kemunduran<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn18" name="_ftnref18" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[18]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b>2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><strong>Tidak Adanya Ideologi
Pemersatu</strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Kalau di
tempat-tempat lain, para mukalaf diperlakukan sebagai orang Islam yang
sederajat, di Spanyol, sebagaimana politik yang dijalankan Bani Umayyah di
Damaskus, orang-orang Arab tidak pernah menerima orang-orang pribumi.
Setidak-tidaknya sampai abad ke-10 M, mereka masih memberi istilah ‘ibad dan
muwalladun kepada para mukalaf itu, suatu ungkapan yang dinilai merendahkan.
Akibatnya, kelompok-kelompok etnis non-Arab yang ada sering menggerogoti dan
merusak perdamaian. Hal itu mendatangkan dampak besar terhadap sejarah
sosio-ekonomi negeri tersebut. Hal ini menunjukkan tidak adanya ideologi yang
dapat memberi makna persatuan, di samping kurangnya figur yang dapat menjadi
personifikasi ideologi itu<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn19" name="_ftnref19" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[19]</span></span></span></a>.<span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b>3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><strong>Kesulitan Ekonomi</strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Di paruh kedua
masa Islam di Spanyol, para penguasa membangun kota dan mengembangkan ilmu
pengetahuan dengan sangat “serius”, sehingga lalai membina perekonomian<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn20" name="_ftnref20" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[20]</span></span></span></a>.
Akibatnya timbul kesulitan ekonomi yang amat memberatkan dan mempengaruhi
kondisi politik dan militer.</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b>4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><strong>Tidak Jelasnya Sistem
Peralihan Kekuasaan</strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Hal ini
menyebabkan perebutan kekuasaan di antara ahli waris. Bahkan, karena inilah
kekuasaan Bani Umayyah runtuh dan Muluk Al-Thawaif muncul. Granada yang
merupakan pusat kekuasaan Islam terakhir di Spanyol jatuh ke tangan Ferdinand
dan Isabella, di antaranya juga disebabkan permasalahan ini<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn21" name="_ftnref21" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[21]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<b>5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><strong>Keterpencilan</strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Spanyol Islam
bagaikan terpencil dari dunia Islam yang lain. la selalu berjuang sendirian,
tanpa mendapat bantuan kecuali dan Afrika Utara. Dengan demikian, tidak ada
kekuatan alternatif yang mampu membendung kebangkitan Kristen di sana<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn22" name="_ftnref22" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[22]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<strong>E.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></strong><span dir="LTR"></span><strong>Pengaruh
Peradaban Islam Di Eropa</strong><strong><span style="font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Spanyol
merupakan tempat yang paling utama bagi Eropa menyerap peradaban Islam, baik
dalam bentuk hubungan politik, sosial, maupun perekonomian, dan peradaban antar
negara. Orang-orang Eropa menyaksikan kenyataan bahwa Spanyol berada di bawah
kekuasaan Islam jauh meninggalkan negara-negara tetangganya Eropa, terutama
dalam bidang pemikiran dan sains di samping bangunan fisik<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn23" name="_ftnref23" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[23]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN">. Berawal dari gerakan Averroeisme inilah
di Eropa kemudian lahir reformasi pada abad ke-16 M dan rasionalisme pada abad
ke-17 M<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn24" name="_ftnref24" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[24]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Pengaruh
peradaban Islam, termasuk di dalamnya pemikiran Ibn Rusyd, ke Eropa berawal
dari banyaknya pemuda-pemuda Kristen Eropa yang belajar di
universitas-universitas Islam di Spanyol, seperti universitas Cordova, Seville,
Malaga, Granada, dan Salamanca. Selama belajar di Spanyol, mereka aktif
menerjemahkan buku-buku karya ilmuwan-ilmuwan Muslim. Pusat penerjemahan itu
adalah Toledo. Setelah pulang ke negerinya, mereka mendirikan sekolah dan
universitas yang sama. Universitas pertama eropa adalah Universitas Paris yang
didirikan pada tahun 1231 M tiga puluh tahun setelah wafatnya Ibn Rusyd. Di
akhir zaman Pertengahan Eropa, baru berdiri 18 buah universitas. Di dalam
universitas-universitas itu, ilmu yang mereka peroleh dari
universitas-universitas Islam diajarkan, seperti ilmu kedokteran, ilmu pasti,
dan filsafat. Pemikiran filsafat yang paling banyak dipelajari adalah pemikiran
Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina dan Ibn Rusyd.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn25" name="_ftnref25" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[25]</span></span></span></a><span lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN">Pengaruh ilmu pengetahuan Islam atas Eropa yang
sudah berlangsung sejak abad ke-12 M itu menimbulkan gerakan kebangkitan
kembali (renaissance) pusaka Yunani di Eropa pada abad ke-14 M. Berkembangnya
pemikiran Yunani di Eropa kali ini adalah melalui terjemahan-terjemahan Arab
yang dipelajari dan kemudian diterjemahkan kembali ke dalam bahasa Latin.<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftn26" name="_ftnref26" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[26]</span></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN">Ahmad Al-Usayri, <i>Sejarah Islam</i>, Jakarta: Akbar,
2004</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Ahmad
Salabi, <i>Mausu’ah al Tarikh wa al Hadlarah al Islamiyah</i>, Kairo: <span lang="IN">A</span>l<span lang="IN">-</span>Maktabah
al Misriyah, 1982<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Badri yatim, <i>Sejarah Peradaban Islam, </i>Jakarta</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">: </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">PT Gravindo Persada</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">, 2003.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Jaih
Mubarok, <i>Sejarah Peradaban Islam</i>, B<span lang="IN">a</span>ndung : Pustaka Bani Quraisy, 2004<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Jurji Zaidan, <i>Tarikh
al-Tamaddun al-Islami,</i> juz III, Kairo: Dara l-Hilal, tt</div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">K. Bertens, <i>Ringkasan Sejarah Filsafat</i>, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1986</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Lutfi abd al-Badi, <i>al-Islam fi
Isbaniya</i>, Kairo: Maktabah al-Nahdhah al-Mishriyyah, 1969<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN">Masjid fakhri<i>, Sejarah Filsafat Islam,</i></span><span lang="IN"> </span>Jakarta: Pustaka jaya, 1986<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mehdi
Nakosteen, Kontribusi <i>Islam atas Dunia Intelektual Barat</i>, Surabaya:
Risalah Gusti, 1996<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
Mustafa
as Siba’i, <i>Kebangkitan Kebudayaan Islam, </i>terj. Nabhan Husein, Jakarta:
Media Dakwah, 1987.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Mustafa As-Siba’i, <i>Peradaban Islam Dulu,
Kini dan Esok</i>, Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 1993<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Musyrifah Sunanto, <i>Sejarah Islam Klasik</i></span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jakarta: Penada Media, 200</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Philip K. Hitti, <i>History of the Arab</i>, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">London:
Macmillan Press, 1970<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN">Siti Maryam, dkk, </span><i>Sejarah Peradaban Islam Dari Masa Klasik Hingga
Modern</i>, Yogyakarta:
L<span lang="IN">esfi, </span>2004<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">S.I. Poeradisastra, <i>Sumbangan Islam kepada Ilmu dan Peradaban Modern</i>
Jakarta: P3M, 1986</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Zainal Abidin Ahmad, <i>Riwayat Hidup Ibn Rusyd</i>, Jakarta: Bulan Bintan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">g</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">: 1975</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div>
<br />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="ftn1">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Badri yabtim, <i>Sejarah Peradaban Islam,</i></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">(</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> PT: Gravindo Persada, 2003)</span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span></i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">hal.87<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Siti Maryam, dkk, </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Sejarah
Peradaban Islam Dari Masa Klasik Hingga Modern</span></i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> (</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Yogyakarta: L</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">esfi, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">2004), h</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">al 80.</span><i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Jaih Mubarok, <i>Sejarah Peradaban Islam</i>,
(B</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">a</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">ndung : Pustaka Bani Quraisy, 2004), h</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">al 70.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[4]</span></span></span></a>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Jurji Zaidan,
Tarikh al-Tamaddun al-Islami, juz III, (Kairo: Dara l-Hilal, tt), hlm. 200<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[5]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Badri Yatim,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Op, Cit, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> hal 95<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[6]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Musyrifah Sunanto, <i>Sejarah Islam Klasik, </i>(Jakarta: Penada Media,
2003) Hal, 119<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[7]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ahmad Salabi, <i>Mausu’ah al Tarikh wa al
Hadlarah al Islamiyah</i>,</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">(Kairo: </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">A</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">l</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">-</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Maktabah al Misriyah, 1982), </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Juz 4, hal</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> 59-60.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn8">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Lutfi abd
al-Badi, al-Islam fi Isbaniya, (Kairo: Maktabah al-Nahdhah al-Mishriyyah,
1969), hlm. 38</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Badri yatim, </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Op, Cit, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">hal 101</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn10">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt;">Mustafa As-Siba’i, <i>Peradaban Islam Dulu,
Kini dan Esok</i>.(Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 1993) hlm 49. </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn11">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Mehdi
Nakosteen, Kontribusi <i>Islam atas Dunia Intelektual Barat</i>, (Surabaya:
Risalah Gusti, 1996), hlm. 241</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn12">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref12" name="_ftn12" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[12]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ahmad </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Syalabi,
<i>Op, Cit, </i> hlm. 76</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div id="ftn13">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[13]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Badri Yatim, </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Op,Cit, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">hal 103<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div id="ftn14">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Mustafa as Siba’i, <i>Kebnagkitan Kebudayaan
Islam, </i>terj. Nabhan Husein (Jakarta : Media Dakwah, 1987), h.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Siti Maryam,</span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> Op, Cit, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> hal 96<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn16">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[16]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Badri Yatim, </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Op, Cit, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">hal 104<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn17">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref17" name="_ftn17" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[17]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Masjid fakhri, <i>Sejarah Filsafat Islam</i>, hlm. 357<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref18" name="_ftn18" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[18]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Badri Yatim, </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Op, Cit, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">hal 107<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div id="ftn19">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref19" name="_ftn19" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[19]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Badri Yatim, </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<div id="ftn20">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref20" name="_ftn20" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[20]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Lutfi abd al-Badi, </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Op, Cit, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">hlm. 25<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn21">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref21" name="_ftn21" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[21]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ahmad Al-Usayri, <i>Sejarah Islam</i>, (Jakarta: Akbar, 2004), hlm.
345<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn22">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref22" name="_ftn22" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[22]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ahmad Al-Usayri,</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Ibid, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> hlm.
346<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn23">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref23" name="_ftn23" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[23]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Philip K. Hitti, <i>History of the Arab</i>, hlm. 526-530<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn24">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref24" name="_ftn24" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[24]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">S.I. Poeradisastra, <i>Sumbangan Islam kepada Ilmu dan Peradaban</i> <i>Modern</i></span><i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">, </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> (Jakarta: P3M, 1986), hlm. 67<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn25">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref25" name="_ftn25" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[25]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Zainal Abidin Ahmad, <i>Riwayat Hidup Ibn Rusyd</i>, (Jakarta: Bulan
Bintan: 1975), hlm. 148-149<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn26">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<a href="file:///E:/My%20Documen/BANK%20KULIAH%20SEMESTER%202%20PBA/ISI%20MAKALAH%20SPI.docx#_ftnref26" name="_ftn26" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[26]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">K. Bertens, <i>Ringkasan Sejarah Filsafat</i>, (Yogyakarta: Kanisius,
1986), hlm. 32.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
</div>Rafiatunnajahqomariahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16614076106996435702noreply@blogger.com3